X-Git-Url: http://git.grml.org/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=grml_tips;h=225862ee5cfc97e5bc1335d5779d6dbbda76d51b;hb=cb64196a333a23534591904a2be96469acd6dd2e;hp=a355ac2fe3feea97c2a265aa2c1f3e0f2b7bf529;hpb=fec2f722c92f4b2a5ed90bc7a9ac705da5f361e1;p=grml-tips.git diff --git a/grml_tips b/grml_tips index a355ac2..225862e 100644 --- a/grml_tips +++ b/grml_tips @@ -43,12 +43,6 @@ Configure network: # grml-network -- -Boot grml via network: - -# grml-terminalserver - -See: man grml-terminalserver + http://grml.org/terminalserver/ --- Deactivate error correction of zsh: % NOCOR=1 zsh @@ -584,6 +578,10 @@ Save live audio stream to file: or % mencoder mms://file.wmv -o $FILE -ovc copy -oac copy + +or + +% mimms mms://file.wmv -- Merge video files: @@ -659,7 +657,9 @@ to get a list of all supported trees -- Transfer your SSH public key to another host: -% ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub user@remote-system +% ssh-keygen # ssh-keygen / ssh-key-gen: if you don't have a key yet +[...] +% ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@remote-system or % cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@remote-system 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys' -- @@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ Avoid all of the above steps - use grml-debootstrap(8) instead! -- Convert files from Unicode / UTF-8 to ISO: -% iconv -f utf8 -t iso-8859-15 < utffile > isofile +% iconv -c -f utf8 -t iso-8859-15 < utffile > isofile and vice versa: @@ -1274,8 +1274,7 @@ Write a Windows 2000/XP/2003 MBR to device: Use a Vodafone 3G Datacard (UMTS) with Linux: Plug in your vodafone card and check in syslog whether the appropriate -(probably /dev/ttyUSB0 or /dev/noz0 when using newer vodafone cards) has -been created. If so run: +(probably /dev/ttyUSB0 or /dev/noz0) has been created. If so run: # gcom -d $DEVICE # wvdial --config /etc/wvdial.conf.umts $PROFILE @@ -1290,8 +1289,28 @@ Usage examples: # gcom -d /dev/noz0 # wvdial --config /etc/wvdial.conf.umts dreiusb -Notice: newer vodafone cards require the nozomi driver. Run 'modprobe nozomi' on -your grml system. +If you receive invalid DNS nameservers when connecting, like: + +[...] +--> primary DNS address 10.11.12.13 +--> secondary DNS address 10.11.12.14 + +just provide a working nameserver to resolvconf via: + +# echo "nameserver 80.120.17.70" | resolvconf -a ppp0 + +Notice: some vodafone cards require the nozomi driver (run 'modprobe nozomi' on +your grml system), some other ones require the sierra driver (run +'modprobe sierra'). + +If your device isn't supported by usbserial yet, manually provide vendor and +product ID when loading the usbserial module. Usage example: + +% lsusb +[...] +Bus 004 Device 008: ID 1199:6813 Sierra Wireless, Inc. + +# modprobe usbserial vendor=0x1199 product=0x6813 -- hdparm - get/set hard disk parameters @@ -1715,7 +1734,7 @@ GET http://www.google.com HTTP/1.0 [press enter twice] Adjust system for use of qemu with kqemu: Make sure you have all you need: -# apt-get update ; apt-get install qemu grml-kerneladdons-$KERNELVERSION +# aptitude update ; aptitude install qemu kqemu-modules-$(uname -r) Then set up kqemu: @@ -2627,6 +2646,8 @@ and where grml is running: Then booting your client(s) via PXE should work without any further work. + +See: man grml-terminalserver + http://grml.org/terminalserver/ -- Debugging SSL communications: @@ -2779,3 +2800,133 @@ Mount a cloop file: # modprobe cloop file=/path/to/cloop/file # mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cloop /mnt/test -- +Create a PS/PDF of a plaintext file: + +% a2ps --medium A4dj -E -o output.ps input_file +% ps2pdf output.ps +-- +Print two pages on one in a PDF file: + +% pdfnup --nup 2x1 input.pdf + +Concatenate, extract pages/parts, encrypt/decrypt, +compress PDFs using 'pdftk'. +-- +Read a PS/PDF file on console: + +% pstotext file.pdf + +or on plain framebuffer console in graphical mode: + +% pdf2ps file.pdf ; ps2png file.ps file.png ; fbi file.png + +or + +% fbgs file.pdf +-- +Bypass the password of a PDF file: + +% gs -q -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=output.pdf input.pdf -c quit +-- +Record sound: + +% rec test.aiff + +This will record a AIFF audio file. +-- +Change passphrase / password of an existing SSH key: + +% ssh-keygen -p +-- +Enable syntax highlighting in nano: + +Just uncomment the include directives for your respective +language at the bottom of the file /etc/nanorc +-- +Create netboot package for grml-terminalserver: + +# sh /usr/share/doc/grml-terminalserver/examples/create-netboot +-- +To boot grml via network (PXE) check out grml-terminalserver: + +# grml-terminalserver + +See http://grml.org/terminalserver/ for more details. +-- +Rotate pictures: + +Using the 'Orientation' tag of the Exif header, rotate +the image so that it is upright: +% jhead -autorot *.jpg + +Manually rotate a picture: +% convert -rotate 270 input.jpg output.jpg +-- +Rename files based on the information inside their exif header: + +% jhead -n%Y-%m-%d_%Hh%M_%f *.jpg + +This will rename a file named img_2071.jpg to something like: + +2007-08-17_10h38_img_2071.jpg + +if it was shot at 10:38 o'clock on 2007-08-17 (according to +the information inside the exif header). +-- +Calculate network / netmask: + +Usage examples: +% ipcalc 10.0.0.28 255.255.255.0 +% ipcalc 10.0.0.0/24 +-- +Blacklist a kernel module: + +# blacklist + +-> running 'blacklist hostap_cs' for example will generate an +entry like this in /etc/modprobe.d/grml: + +blacklist hostap_cs +alias hostap_cs off + +To remove the module from the blacklist again just invoke: + +# unblacklist + +or manually remove the entry from /etc/modprobe.d/grml. +-- +Create a Debian package of a perl module: + +% dh-make-perl --cpan Acme::Smirch --build +-- +The Magic SysRq Keys (SysReq or Sys Req, short for System Request): + +To reboot your system using the SysRq keys just hold down the Alt and +SysRq (Print Screen) key while pressing the keys REISUB ("Raising +Elephants Is So Utterly Boring"). + +R = take the keyboard out of raw mode +E = terminates all processes (except init) +I = kills all processes (except init) +S = synchronizes the disk(s) +U = remounts all filesystems read-only +B = reboot the system + +Notice: use O instead of B for poweroff. + +Or write the sequence to /proc/sysrq-trigger instead: + +# for i in r e i s u b ; do echo $i > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; done + +To enable or disable SysRq calls: + +# echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq +# echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq + +See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key for more details. +-- +Memtest / memcheck: + +Just boot your grml Live-CD with "memtest" to execute a memcheck/memtest +with Memtest86+. +--