6 %!postproc(man): "^(\.TH.*) 1 " "\1 5 "
10 grmlzshrc - grml's zsh setup
14 //zsh// [**options**]...
18 The grml project provides a fairly exhaustive interactive setup (referred to
19 as //grmlzshrc// throughout this document) for the amazing unix shell zsh
20 (http://zsh.sourceforge.net). This is the reference manual for that
23 To use //grmlzshrc//, you need at least version 3.1.7 of zsh (although not all
24 features are enabled in every version).
26 //grmlzshrc// behaves differently depending on which user loads it. For the
27 root user (**EUID** == 0) only a subset of features is loaded by default. This
28 behaviour can be altered by setting the **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL** STARTUP
29 VARIABLE (see below). Also the umask(1) for the root user is set to 022,
30 while for regular users it is set to 002. So read/write permissions
31 for the regular user and her group are set for new files (keep that
32 in mind on systems, where regular users share a common group).
35 Some of the behaviour of //grmlzshrc// can be altered by setting certain shell
36 variables. These may be set temporarily when starting zsh like this:
40 Or by setting them permanently in **zshrc.pre** (See AUXILIARY FILES below).
43 If set to a value greater than zero and //acpi// installed, //grmlzshrc// will
44 put the battery status into the right hand side interactive prompt.
46 : **COMMAND_NOT_FOUND**
47 A non zero value activates a handler, which is called when a command can not
48 be found. The handler is defined by GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER (see below).
50 : **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL**
51 Enables the whole grml setup for root, if set to a non zero value.
53 : **GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER**
54 This variable contains the handler to be used by COMMAND_NOT_FOUND (see above)
55 and defaults to "/usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found".
57 : **GRMLSMALL_SPECIFIC**
58 Set this to zero to remove items in zsh config, which do not work in
62 Sets the frequency in seconds for zsh to check for new mail. Defaults to 30.
63 A value of zero turns off checking.
66 Non zero values deactivate automatic correction of commands.
69 If set to zero (default), allows selection from a menu, if there are at least
70 five possible options of completion.
73 A non zero value disables precmd and preexec commands. These are functions
74 that are run before every command (setting xterm/screen titles etc.).
77 Show time (user, system and cpu) used by external commands, if they run longer
78 than the defined number of seconds (default: 5).
80 : **ZSH_NO_DEFAULT_LOCALE**
81 Import "/etc/default/locale", if set to zero (default).
84 A non zero value causes shell functions to be profiled. The results can be
85 obtained with the zprof builtin command (see zshmodules(1) for details).
88 = FEATURE DESCRIPTION =
89 This is an in depth description of non-standard features implemented by
92 == DIRSTACK HANDLING ==
93 The dirstack in //grmlzshrc// has a persistent nature. It is stored into a
94 file each time zsh's working directory is changed. That file can be configured
95 via the **DIRSTACKFILE** variable and it defaults to **~/.zdirs**. The
96 **DIRSTACKSIZE** variable defaults to **20** in this setup.
98 The **DIRSTACKFILE** is loaded each time zsh starts, therefore freshly started
99 zshs inherit the dirstack of the zsh that most recently updated
102 == DIRECTORY BASED PROFILES ==
103 If you want certain settings to be active in certain directories (and
104 automatically switch back and forth between them), this is what you want.
107 zstyle ':chpwd:profiles:/usr/src/grml(|/|/*)' profile grml
108 zstyle ':chpwd:profiles:/usr/src/debian(|/|/*)' profile debian
111 When that's done and you enter a directory that matches the pattern
112 in the third part of the context, a function called chpwd_profile_grml,
113 for example, is called (if it exists).
115 If no pattern matches (read: no profile is detected) the profile is
116 set to 'default', which means chpwd_profile_default is attempted to
119 A word about the context (the ':chpwd:profiles:*' stuff in the zstyle
120 command) which is used: The third part in the context is matched against
121 **$PWD**. That's why using a pattern such as /foo/bar(|/|/*) makes sense.
122 Because that way the profile is detected for all these values of **$PWD**:
130 So, if you want to make double damn sure a profile works in /foo/bar
131 and everywhere deeper in that tree, just use (|/|/*) and be happy.
133 The name of the detected profile will be available in a variable called
134 'profile' in your functions. You don't need to do anything, it'll just
137 Then there is the parameter **$CHPWD_PROFILE** which is set to the profile,
138 that was active up to now. That way you can avoid running code for a
139 profile that is already active, by running code such as the following
140 at the start of your function:
143 function chpwd_profile_grml() {
144 [[ ${profile} == ${CHPWD_PROFILE} ]] && return 1
149 The initial value for **$CHPWD_PROFILE** is 'default'.
151 === Signaling availabily/profile changes ===
153 If you use this feature and need to know whether it is active in your
154 current shell, there are several ways to do that. Here are two simple
157 a) If knowing if the profiles feature is active when zsh starts is
158 good enough for you, you can put the following snippet into your
162 (( ${+functions[chpwd_profiles]} )) &&
163 print "directory profiles active"
166 b) If that is not good enough, and you would prefer to be notified
167 whenever a profile changes, you can solve that by making sure you
168 start **every** profile function you create like this:
171 function chpwd_profile_myprofilename() {
172 [[ ${profile} == ${CHPWD_PROFILE} ]] && return 1
173 print "chpwd(): Switching to profile: $profile"
178 That makes sure you only get notified if a profile is **changed**,
179 not everytime you change directory.
181 === Version requirement ===
182 This feature requires zsh //4.3.3// or newer.
185 == ACCEPTLINE WRAPPER ==
186 The //accept-line// wiget is the one that is taking action when the **return**
187 key is hit. //grmlzshrc// uses a wrapper around that widget, which adds new
190 This wrapper is configured via styles. That means, you issue commands, that look
194 zstyle 'context' style value
197 The context namespace, that we are using is 'acceptline'. That means, the actual
198 context for your commands look like: **':acceptline:<subcontext>'**.
200 Where **<subcontext>** is one of: **default**, **normal**, **force**, **misc**
204 === Recognized Contexts ===
206 This is the value, the context is initialized with.
207 The //compwarnfmt and //rehash// styles are looked up in this context.
210 If the first word in the command line is either a command, alias, function,
211 builtin or reserved word, you are in this context.
214 This is the context, that is used if you hit enter again, after being warned
215 about the existence of a _completion for the non-existing command you
219 This is the context, you are in if the command line is empty or only
220 consists of whitespace.
223 This context is in effect, if you entered something that does not match any
224 of the above. (e.g.: variable assignments).
227 === Available Styles ===
229 If you set this style to true, the warning about non existent commands,
230 for which completions exist will not be issued. (Default: **false**)
233 The message, that is displayed to warn about the _completion issue.
234 (default: **'%c will not execute and completion %f exists.'**)
235 '%c' is replaced by the command name, '%f' by the completion's name.
238 If this is set, we'll force rehashing, if appropriate. (Defaults to
239 **true** in //grmlzshrc//).
242 This can be a list of wigdets to call in a given context. If you need a
243 specific order for these to be called, name them accordingly. The default value
244 is an **empty list**.
247 The name of a widget, that is called after the widgets from 'actions'.
248 By default, this will be '.accept-line' (which is the built-in accept-line
252 If true in the current context, call the widget in the 'default_action'
253 style. (The default is **true** in all contexts.)
259 == GNU/SCREEN STATUS SETTING ==
260 //grmlzshrc// sets screen's hardstatus lines to the currently running command
261 or **'zsh'** if the shell is idling at its prompt. If the current working
262 directory is inside a repository unter version control, screen status is set
263 to: **'zsh: <repository name>'** via zsh's vcs_info.
266 == PERSISTENT HISTORY ==
267 If you got commands you consider important enough to be included in every
268 shell's history, you can put them into ~/.important_commands and they will be
269 available via the usual history lookup widgets.
273 == ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES ==
274 //grmlzshrc// sets some environment variables, which influence the
275 behaviour of applications.
278 If X is running this is set to "firefox", otherwise to "w3m".
281 Set to "yes". Some applications read this to learn about properties
282 of the terminal they are running in.
285 If not already set, sets the default editor. Falls back to vi(1),
286 if vim(1) is not available.
289 The mailbox file for the current user is set to /var/mail/$USER, if not
290 already set otherwise.
293 Set less(1) as default pager, if not already set to something different.
296 Holds the path to shared files for the C++ application framework QT
300 Set explicitly to /bin/zsh, to prevent certain terminal emulators to
301 default to /bin/sh or /bin/bash.
305 Apart from zsh's default options, //grmlzshrc// sets some options
306 that change the behaviour of zsh. Options that change Z-shell's default
307 settings are marked by <grml>. But note, that zsh's defaults vary depending
308 on its emulation mode (csh, ksh, sh, or zsh). For details, see zshoptions(1).
311 Zsh sessions, that use //grmlzshrc//, will append their history list to the
312 history file, rather than replace it. Thus, multiple parallel zsh sessions
313 will all have the new entries from their history lists added to the history
314 file, in the order that they exit. The file will still be periodically
315 re-written to trim it when the number of lines grows 20% beyond the value
316 specified by $SAVEHIST.
319 If a command is issued that can't be executed as a normal command, and the
320 command is the name of a directory, perform the cd command to that directory.
322 : **auto_pushd** <grml>
323 Make cd push the old directory onto the directory stack.
325 : **completeinword** <grml>
326 If the cursor is inside a word, completion is done from both ends;
327 instead of moving the cursor to the end of the word first and starting
330 : **extended_glob** <grml>
331 Treat the '#', '~' and '^' characters as active globbing pattern characters.
333 : **extended_history** <grml>
334 Save each command's beginning timestamp (in seconds since the epoch) and the
335 duration (in seconds) to the history file.
338 Whenever a command completion is attempted, make sure the entire command
339 path is hashed first. This makes the first completion slower.
341 : **histignorealldups** <grml>
342 If a new command line being added to the history list duplicates an
343 older one, the older command is removed from the list, even if it is
344 not the previous event.
346 : **histignorespace** <grml>
347 Remove command lines from the history list when the first character on
348 the line is a space, or when one of the expanded aliases contains a
349 leading space. Note that the command lingers in the internal history
350 until the next command is entered before it vanishes.
352 : **longlistjobs** <grml>
353 List jobs in long format by default.
356 Avoid to beep on errors in zsh command line editing (zle).
359 A wildcard character never matches a leading '.'.
362 Do not send the hangup signal (HUP:1) to running jobs when the shell exits.
364 : **nonomatch** <grml>
365 If a pattern for filename generation has no matches, do not print an error
366 and leave it unchanged in the argument list. This also applies to file
367 expansion of an initial `~' or `='.
370 Report the status of background jobs immediately, rather than waiting until
371 just before printing a prompt.
373 : **pushd_ignore_dups** <grml>
374 Don't push multiple copies of the same directory onto the directory stack.
376 : **share_history** <grml>
377 As each line is added to the history file, it is checked to see if anything
378 else was written out by another shell, and if so it is included in the
379 history of the current shell too. Using !-style history, the commands from
380 the other sessions will not appear in the history list unless you explicitly
381 type the "history" command. This option is activated for zsh versions >= 4,
386 Apart from zsh's default key bindings, //grmlzshrc// comes with its own set of
387 key bindings. Note that bindings like **ESC-e** can also be typed as **ALT-e**
391 Edit the current command buffer in your favourite editor.
394 Deletes a word left of the cursor; seeing '/' as additional word separator.
397 Jump right after the first word.
400 Searches the last occurence of string before the cursor in the command history.
403 Brings a job, which got suspended with CTRL-z back to foreground.
406 == SHELL FUNCTIONS ==
407 //grmlzshrc// comes with a wide array of defined shell functions to ease the
411 Converts plaintext files to HTML using vim. The output is written to
414 : **855resolution()**
415 If 915resolution is available, issues a warning to the user to run it instead
416 to modify the resolution on intel graphics chipsets.
419 Lists files in current directory, which have been accessed within the
420 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
421 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
424 Searches for USENET postings from authors using google groups.
427 Sets all ulimit values to "unlimited".
430 Prints a colored table of available ansi color codes (to be used in escape
431 sequences) and the colors they represent.
433 : **aoeu(), asdf(), uiae()**
434 Pressing the 'asdf' keys toggles between dvorak or neon and us keyboard
438 Login on the host provided as argument using autossh. Then reattach a GNU screen
439 session if a detached session is around or detach a currently attached screen or
440 else start a new screen. This is especially useful for roadwarriors using GNU
444 Burns the files in ~/ripps (see audiorip() below) to an audio CD.
445 Then prompts the user if she wants to remove that directory. You might need
446 to tell audioburn which cdrom device to use like:
447 "DEVICE=/dev/cdrom audioburn"
450 Creates directory ~/ripps, if it does not exist. Then rips audio CD into
451 it. Then prompts the user if she wants to burn a audio CD with audioburn()
452 (see above). You might need to tell audiorip which cdrom device to use like:
453 "DEVICE=/dev/cdrom audioburn"
456 Simple backup of a file or directory using cp(1). The target file name is the
457 original name plus a time stamp attached. Symlinks and file attributes like mode,
458 ownership and timestamps are preserved.
461 The brltty(1) program provides a braille display, so a blind person can access
462 the console screen. This wrapper function works around problems with some
463 environments (f. e. utf8).
466 If the original cdrecord is not installed, issues a warning to the user to
467 use the wodim binary instead. Wodim is the debian fork of Joerg Schillings
471 Lists files in current directory, which have been changed within the
472 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
473 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
476 Returns true if given command exists either as program, function, alias,
477 builtin or reserved word. If the option -c is given, only returns true,
478 if command is a program.
481 Changes directory to $HOME on first invocation of zsh. This is neccessary on
482 grml systems with autologin.
485 Changes current directory to the one supplied by argument and lists the files
486 in it, including file names starting with ".".
489 Presents a numbered listing of the directory stack. Then changes current
490 working directory to the one chosen by the user.
493 Searches the Debian bug tracking system (bugs.debian.org) for Bug numbers,
494 email addresses of submitters or any string given on the command line.
497 Shows bug report for debian given by number in mailbox format.
500 Tells the user to use grml-debootstrap, if she wants to install debian to
504 Shows the disk usage of the directories given in human readable format;
508 Translates C source code to assembly and ouputs both.
511 Takes packagename as argument. Sets current working directory to
512 /usr/share/doc/<packagename> and prints out a directory listing.
515 Renames image files based on date/time informations in their exif headers.
518 Opens given URL with Firefox (Iceweasel on Debian). If there is already an
519 instance of firefox running, attaches to the first window found and opens the
520 URL in a new tab (this even works across an ssh session).
522 : **fluxkey-change()**
523 Switches the key combinations for changing current workspace under fluxbox(1)
524 from Alt-[0-9] to Alt-F[0-9] and vice versa by rewriting $HOME/.fluxbox/keys.
525 Requires the window manager to reread configuration to take effect.
528 A simple thumbnails generator. Resizes images (i. e. files that end in ".jpg",
529 ".jpeg", ".gif" or ".png") to 100x200. Output files are named "thumb-<original
530 filename>". Creates an index.html with title "Images" showing the
531 thumbnails as clickable links to the respective original file.
532 //Warning:// On start genthumbs() silently removes a possibly existing "index.html"
533 and all files and/or directories beginning with "thumb-" in current directory!
536 Tries to download, unpack and run AIR (imaging software) version 1.2.8.
539 Tries to download and install Gizmo (VoIP software) for Debian.
542 Tries to download and install Skype (VoIP software) for Debian.
545 Downloads and installs newer version of Skype.
548 Tries to download and unpack X-lite (VoIP software) from counterpath.com into
552 Searches the zsh command history for a regular expression.
555 Prints the hexadecimal representation of the number supplied as argument
559 Outputs highlighted diff; needs highstring(1).
562 Shows source files in less(1) with syntax highlighting. Run "hl -h"
563 for detailed usage information.
566 Queries IMAP server (first parameter) for its capabilities. Takes
567 port number as optional second argument.
570 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4, else false.
573 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.1, else false.
576 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.2, else false.
579 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.2.5, else false.
582 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.3, else false.
585 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.3.3, else false.
588 Returns true, if running on darwin, else false.
591 Returns true, if running on a grml system, else false.
594 Returns true, if running on a grml system from a live cd, else false.
597 Returns true, if run on grml-small, else false.
600 Changes every occurrence of the string iso885915 or ISO885915 in
601 environment variables to UTF-8.
604 Returns true, if run within an utf environment, else false.
607 Lists libraries that define the symbol containing the string given as
611 Lists images (i. e. files ending with ".jpg", ".gif" or ".png") in current
615 Prints specified range of (numbered) lines of a file.
616 Usage: linenr <start>[,<end>] <file>
619 Creates a PostScript and a PDF file (basename as first argument) from
623 Displays manpage in a streched style.
626 Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary. Then changes
627 current working directory to it.
630 Diffs the two arguments recursively and writes the
631 output (unified format) to a timestamped file.
634 Prints the summarized memory usage in bytes.
636 : **minimal-shell()**
637 Spawns a minimally set up MirBSD Korn shell. It references no files in /usr,
638 so that file system can be unmounted.
641 Renames all mp3 files in ~/ripps (see audiorip above) to lowercase and
642 replaces spaces in file names with underscores. Then mkaudiocd()
643 normalizes the files and recodes them to WAV.
646 Creates an iso9660 filesystem image with Rockridge and Joliet extensions
647 enabled using mkisofs(8). Prompts the user for volume name, filename and
651 Creates a directory with first parameter as name inside $MAILDIR_ROOT
652 (defaults to $HOME/Mail) and subdirectories cur, new and tmp.
655 Runs "make install" and logs the output under ~/.errorlogs/; useful for
656 a clean deinstall later.
659 Lists files in current directory, which have been modified within the
660 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
661 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
664 Recodes an ogg file to mp3 with a bitrate of 192.
667 Evaluates a perl expression; useful as command line
668 calculator, therefore also available as "calc".
671 Lists all occurrences of the string given as argument in current $PATH.
674 Removes typical temporary files (i. e. files like "*~", ".*~", "#*#", "*.o",
675 "a.out", "*.core", "*.cmo", "*.cmi" and ".*.swp") from current directory.
676 Asks for confirmation.
679 Opens all README-like files in current working directory with the program
680 defined in the $PAGER environment variable.
683 Reloads functions given as parameters.
686 Checks whether a regular expression (first parameter) matches a string
687 (second parameter) using perl.
690 Creates an alias whith sudo prepended, if $EUID is not zero. Run "salias -h"
691 for details. See also xunfunction() below.
694 Greps the history for the string provided as parameter and shows the numbered
695 findings in default pager. On exit of the pager the user is prompted for a
696 number. The shells readline buffer is then filled with the corresponding
700 Lists the contents of a (compressed) archive with the appropriate programs.
701 The choice is made along the filename extension.
704 Lists the content of a gzipped tar archive in default pager.
707 Shows the content of a zip archive in default pager.
709 : **simple-extract()**
710 Tries to uncompress/unpack given file with the appropriate programs. The
711 choice is made along the filename ending.
714 Prints the arguments slowly by sleeping 0.08 seconds between each character.
716 : **smartcompress()**
717 Compresses/archives the file given as first parameter. Takes an optional
718 second argument, which denotes the compression/archive type as typical
719 filename extension; defaults to "tar.gz".
722 Indents C source code files given; uses Kernighan & Ritchie style.
725 Creates directory named shots in user's home directory, if it does not yet
726 exist and changes current working directory to it. Then sleeps 5 seconds,
727 so you have plenty of time to switch desktops/windows. Then makes a screenshot
728 of the current desktop. The result is stored in ~/shots to a timestamped
731 : **ssl-cert-fingerprints**
732 Prints the SHA512, SHA256, SHA1 and MD5 digest of a x509 certificate.
733 First and only parameter must be a file containing a certificate. Use
734 /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a certificate to these
738 Prints all information of a x509 certificate including the SHA512,
739 SHA256, SHA1 and MD5 digests. First and only parameter must be a file
740 containing a certificate. Use /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a
741 certificate to this function.
743 : **ssl-cert-sha512(), ssl-cert-sha256(), ssl-cert-sha1(), ssl-cert-md5()**
744 Prints the SHA512, SHA256, SHA1 respective MD5 digest of a x509
745 certificate. First and only parameter must be a file containing a
746 certificate. Use /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a certificate
750 Initializes an X session using startx(1) if /etc/X11/xorg.conf exists, else
751 issues a Warning to use the grml-x(1) script. Can be overridden by using
752 /usr/bin/startx directly.
755 Shows some information about current system status.
758 Sets up software synthesizer by calling swspeak-setup(8). Kernel boot option
759 swspeak must be set for this to work.
762 Translates a word from german to english (-D) or vice versa (-E).
765 Makes a unified diff of the command line arguments trying hard to find a
766 smaller set of changes. Descends recursively into subdirectories. Ignores
767 hows some information about current status.
770 Downloads and displays a file using a suitable program for its
774 Works around the "print -l ${(u)foo}"-limitation on zsh older than 4.2.
777 Takes a string as its first argument and prints it RFC 2396 URL encoded to
781 Changes every occurrence of the string UTF-8 or utf-8 in environment
782 variables to iso885915.
788 Wrapper for vim(1). It tries to set the title and hands vim the environment
789 variable VIM_OPTIONS on the command line. So the user may define command
790 line options, she always wants, in her .zshrc.local.
793 Use vim(1) as manpage reader.
796 Tries to cat(1) file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
797 See also xunfunction() below.
800 Initializes an X session using xinit(1) if /etc/X11/xorg.conf exists, else
801 issues a Warning to use the grml-x(1) script. Can be overridden by using
802 /usr/bin/xinit directly.
805 Tries to source the file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
806 See zshbuiltins(1) for a detailed description of the source command.
807 See also xunfunction() below.
810 Changes the title of xterm window from within screen(1). Run without
811 arguments for details.
814 Removes the functions salias, xcat, xsource, xunfunction and zrcautoload.
817 Search for patterns in grml's zshrc using perl. zg takes no or exactly one
818 option plus a non empty pattern. Run zg without any arguments for a listing
819 of available command line switches. For a zshrc not in /etc/zsh, set the
820 GRML_ZSHRC environment variable.
823 Wrapper around the autoload builtin. Loads the definitions of functions
824 from the file given as argument. Searches $fpath for the file. See also
828 Sources /etc/zsh/zshrc.local and ${HOME}/.zshrc.local. These are the files
829 where own modifications should go. See also zshbuiltins(1) for a description
830 of the source command.
834 //grmlzshrc// comes with a wide array of predefined aliases to ease the user's
835 life. A few aliases (like those involving //grep// or //ls//) use the option
836 //--color=auto// for colourizing output. That option is part of **GNU**
837 implementations of these tools, and will only be used if such an implementation
840 : **acp** (//apt-cache policy//)
841 With no arguments prints out the priorities of each source. If a package name
842 is given, it displays detailed information about the priority selection of the
845 : **acs** (//apt-cache search//)
846 Searches debian package lists for the regular expression provided as argument.
847 The search includes package names and descriptions. Prints out name and short
848 description of matching packages.
850 : **acsh** (//apt-cache show//)
851 Shows the package records for the packages provided as arguments.
853 : **adg** (//apt-get dist-upgrade//)
854 Performs an upgrade of all installed packages. Also tries to automatically
855 handle changing dependencies with new versions of packages. As this may change
856 the install status of (or even remove) installed packages, it is potentially
857 dangerous to use dist-upgrade; invoked by sudo, if necessary.
859 : **ag** (//apt-get upgrade//)
860 Downloads and installs the newest versions of all packages currently installed
861 on the system. Under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed,
862 or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
863 currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install
864 status of another package will be left at their current version. An update must
865 be performed first (see au below); run by sudo, if necessary.
867 : **agi** (//apt-get install//)
868 Downloads and installs or upgrades the packages given on the command line.
869 If a hyphen is appended to the package name, the identified package will be
870 removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a
871 package to install. This may be useful to override decisions made by apt-get's
872 conflict resolution system.
873 A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by following
874 the package name with an equals and the version of the package to select. This
875 will cause that version to be located and selected for install. Alternatively a
876 specific distribution can be selected by following the package name with a slash
877 and the version of the distribution or the Archive name (stable, testing, unstable).
878 Gets invoked by sudo, if user id is not 0.
880 : **ati** (//aptitude install//)
881 Aptitude is a terminal-based package manager with a command line mode similar to
882 apt-get (see agi above); invoked by sudo, if necessary.
884 : **au** (//apt-get update//)
885 Resynchronizes the package index files from their sources. The indexes of
886 available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in
887 /etc/apt/sources.list. An update should always be performed before an
888 upgrade or dist-upgrade; run by sudo, if necessary.
890 : **calc** (//peval//)
891 Evaluates a perl expression (see peval() above); useful as a command line
894 : **CH** (//./configure --help//)
895 Lists available compilation options for building program from source.
897 : **cmplayer** (//mplayer -vo fbdev//)
898 Video player with framebuffer as video output device, so you can watch
899 videos on a virtual tty. Hint: Using fbdev2 allows you to use the shell
900 while watching a movie.
902 : **CO** (//./configure//)
903 Prepares compilation for building program from source.
905 : **da** (//du -sch//)
906 Prints the summarized disk usage of the arguments as well as a grand total
907 in human readable format.
909 : **default** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
910 Sets font of xterm to "-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-140-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15"
911 using escape sequence.
913 : **dir** (//ls -lSrah//)
914 Lists files (including dot files) sorted by size (biggest last) in long and
915 human readable output format.
917 : **fblinks** (//links2 -driver fb//)
918 A Web browser on the framebuffer device. So you can browse images and click
919 links on the virtual tty.
921 : **fbmplayer** (//mplayer -vo fbdev -fs -zoom//)
922 Fullscreen Video player with the framebuffer as video output device. So you
923 can watch videos on a virtual tty.
926 Revision control system by Linus Torvalds.
928 : **grep** (//grep --color=auto//)
929 Shows grep output in nice colors, if available.
931 : **GREP** (//grep -i --color=auto//)
932 Case insensitive grep with colored output.
934 : **grml-rebuildfstab** (//rebuildfstab -v -r -config//)
935 Scans for new devices and updates /etc/fstab according to the findings.
937 : **grml-version** (//cat /etc/grml_version//)
938 Prints version of running grml.
940 : **http** (//python -m SimpleHTTPServer//)
941 Basic HTTP server implemented in python. Listens on port 8000/tcp and
942 serves current directory. Implements GET and HEAD methods.
944 : **insecscp** (//scp -o "StrictHostKeyChecking=no" -o "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"//)
945 scp with possible man-in-the-middle attack enabled. This is convenient, if the targets
946 host key changes frequently, for example on virtualized test- or development-systems.
947 To be used only inside trusted networks, of course.
949 : **insecssh** (//ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking=no" -o "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"//)
950 ssh with possible man-in-the-middle attack enabled
951 (for an explanation see insecscp above).
953 : **help-zshglob** (//H-Glob()//)
954 Runs the function H-Glob() to expand or explain wildcards.
956 : **hide** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
957 Tries to hide xterm window using escape sequence.
959 : **huge** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
960 Sets huge font in xterm ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-210-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15")
961 using escape sequence.
963 : **j** (//jobs -l//)
964 Prints status of jobs in the current shell session in long format.
966 : **l** (//ls -lF --color=auto//)
967 Lists files in long output format with indicator for filetype appended
968 to filename. If the terminal supports it, with colored output.
970 : **la** (//ls -la --color=auto//)
971 Lists files in long colored output format. Including file names
974 : **lad** (//ls -d .*(/)//)
975 Lists the dot directories (not their contents) in current directory.
977 : **large** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
978 Sets large font in xterm ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-150-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15")
979 using escape sequence.
981 : **lh** (//ls -hAl --color=auto//)
982 Lists files in long and human readable output format in nice colors,
983 if available. Includes file names starting with "." except "." and
986 : **ll** (//ls -l --color=auto//)
987 Lists files in long colored output format.
989 : **ls** (//ls -b -CF --color=auto//)
990 Lists directory printing octal escapes for nongraphic characters.
991 Entries are listed by columns and an indicator for file type is appended
992 to each file name. Additionally the output is colored, if the terminal
995 : **lsa** (//ls -a .*(.)//)
996 Lists dot files in current working directory.
998 : **lsbig** (//ls -flh *(.OL[1,10])//)
999 Displays the ten biggest files (long and human readable output format).
1001 : **lsd** (//ls -d *(/)//)
1004 : **lse** (//ls -d *(/^F)//)
1005 Shows empty directories.
1007 : **lsl** (//ls -l *(@)//)
1008 Lists symbolic links in current directory.
1010 : **lsnew** (//ls -rl *(D.om[1,10])//)
1011 Displays the ten newest files (long output format).
1013 : **lsold** (//ls -rtlh *(D.om[1,10])//)
1014 Displays the ten oldest files (long output format).
1016 : **lss** (//ls -l *(s,S,t)//)
1017 Lists files in current directory that have the setuid, setgid or sticky bit
1020 : **lssmall** (//ls -Srl *(.oL[1,10])//)
1021 Displays the ten smallest files (long output format).
1023 : **lsw** (//ls -ld *(R,W,X.^ND/)//)
1024 Displays all files which are world readable and/or world writable and/or
1025 world executable (long output format).
1027 : **lsx** (//ls -l *(*)//)
1028 Lists only executable files.
1030 : **md** (//mkdir -p//)
1031 Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary
1033 : **medium** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1034 Sets medium sized font
1035 ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-c-80-iso8859-15") in xterm
1036 using escape sequence.
1038 : **screen** (///usr/bin/screen -c ${HOME}/.screenrc//)
1039 If invoking user is root, starts screen session with /etc/grml/screenrc
1040 as config file. If invoked by a regular user, start a screen session
1041 with users .screenrc config if it exists, else use /etc/grml/screenrc_grml
1044 : **rw-** (//chmod 600//)
1045 Grants read and write permission of a file to the owner and nobody else.
1047 : **rwx** (//chmod 700//)
1048 Grants read, write and execute permission of a file to the owner and nobody
1051 : **r--** (//chmod 644//)
1052 Grants read and write permission of a file to the owner and read-only to
1055 : **r-x** (//chmod 755//)
1056 Grants read, write and execute permission of a file to the owner and
1057 read-only plus execute permission to anybody else.
1059 : **semifont** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1060 Sets font of xterm to
1061 "-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-15" using
1064 : **small** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1065 Sets small xterm font ("6x10") using escape sequence.
1067 : **smartfont** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1068 Sets font of xterm to "-artwiz-smoothansi-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*" using
1071 : **su** (//sudo su//)
1072 If user is running a grml live-CD, dont ask for any password, if she
1075 : **tiny** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1076 Sets tiny xterm font
1077 ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-80-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15") using escape
1080 : **truec** (//truecrypt [ mount options ]//)
1081 Mount a truecrypt volume with some reasonable mount options
1082 ("rw,sync,dirsync,users,uid=1000,gid=users,umask=077" and "utf8", if
1085 : **up** (//aptitude update ; aptitude safe-upgrade//)
1086 Performs a system update followed by a system upgrade using aptitude; run
1087 by sudo, if necessary. See au and ag above.
1089 : **?** (//qma zshall//)
1090 Runs the grml script qma (quick manual access) to build the collected man
1091 pages for the z-shell. This compressed file is kept at
1092 ~/man/zshall.txt.lzo Once it is built, the second use of the alias '?' is
1093 fast. See "man qma" for further information.
1097 This is a set of files, that - if they exist - can be used to customize the
1098 behaviour of //grmlzshrc//.
1101 Sourced at the very beginning of //grmlzshrc//. Among other things, it can
1102 be used to permantenly change //grmlzshrc//'s STARTUP VARIABLES (see above):
1105 # show battery status in RPROMPT
1107 # always load the complete setup, even for root
1108 GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL=1
1112 Sourced right before loading //grmlzshrc// is finished. There is a global
1113 version of this file (/etc/zsh/zshrc.local) which is sourced before the
1117 Directory listing for persistent dirstack (see above).
1119 : **.important_commands**
1120 List of commands, used by persistent history (see above).
1123 = INSTALLATION ON NON-DEBIAN SYSTEMS =
1124 On Debian systems (http://www.debian.org) - and possibly Ubuntu
1125 (http://www.ubuntu.com) and similar systems - it is very easy to get
1126 //grmlzshrc// via grml's .deb repositories.
1128 On non-debian systems, that is not an option, but all is not lost:
1131 % wget -O .zshrc http://git.grml.org/f/grml-etc-core/etc/zsh/zshrc
1134 If you would also like to get seperate function files (which you can put into
1135 your **$fpath**), you can browse and download them at:
1137 http://git.grml.org/?p=grml-etc-core.git;a=tree;f=usr_share_grml/zsh;hb=HEAD
1139 = ZSH REFCARD TAGS =
1140 If you read //grmlzshrc//'s code you may notice strange looking comments in
1141 it. These are there for a purpose. grml's zsh-refcard is automatically
1142 generated from the contents of the actual configuration file. However, we need
1143 a little extra information on which comments and what lines of code to take
1144 into account (and for what purpose).
1146 Here is what they mean:
1148 List of tags (comment types) used:
1150 Next line contains an important alias, that should be included in the
1151 grml-zsh-refcard. (placement tag: @@INSERT-aliases@@)
1154 Next line contains the beginning of an important function. (placement
1155 tag: @@INSERT-functions@@)
1158 Next line contains an important variable. (placement tag:
1159 @@INSERT-variables@@)
1162 Next line contains an important keybinding. (placement tag:
1163 @@INSERT-keybindings@@)
1166 Hashed directories list generation: //start//: denotes the start of a list of
1167 'hash -d' definitions. //end//: denotes its end. (placement tag:
1168 @@INSERT-hasheddirs@@)
1171 Abbreviation expansion list generation: //start//: denotes the beginning of
1172 abbreviations. //end//: denotes their end.
1174 Lines within this section that end in '#d .*' provide extra documentation to
1175 be included in the refcard. (placement tag: @@INSERT-abbrev@@)
1178 This tag allows you to manually generate refcard entries for code lines that
1179 are hard/impossible to parse.
1183 #m# k ESC-h Call the run-help function
1186 That would add a refcard entry in the keybindings table for 'ESC-h' with the
1189 So the syntax is: #m# <section> <argument> <comment>
1192 This tag lets you insert entries to the 'other' hash. Generally, this should
1193 not be used. It is there for things that cannot be done easily in another way.
1194 (placement tag: @@INSERT-other-foobar@@)
1197 All of these tags (except for m and o) take two arguments, the first
1198 within the tag, the other after the tag:
1200 #<tag><section># <comment>
1202 Where <section> is really just a number, which are defined by the @secmap
1203 array on top of 'genrefcard.pl'. The reason for numbers instead of names is,
1204 that for the reader, the tag should not differ much from a regular comment.
1205 For zsh, it is a regular comment indeed. The numbers have got the following
1230 So, the following will add an entry to the 'functions' table in the 'system'
1231 section, with a (hopefully) descriptive comment:
1234 #f1# Edit an alias via zle
1238 It will then show up in the @@INSERT-aliases-system@@ replacement tag that can
1239 be found in 'grml-zsh-refcard.tex.in'. If the section number is omitted, the
1240 'default' section is assumed. Furthermore, in 'grml-zsh-refcard.tex.in'
1241 @@INSERT-aliases@@ is exactly the same as @@INSERT-aliases-default@@. If you
1242 want a list of **all** aliases, for example, use @@INSERT-aliases-all@@.
1246 If you want to help to improve grml's zsh setup, clone the grml-etc-core
1247 repository from git.grml.org:
1249 ``` % git clone git://git.grml.org/grml-etc-core.git
1251 Make your changes, commit them; use '**git format-patch**' to create a series
1252 of patches and send those to the following address via '**git send-email**':
1254 ``` grml-etc-core@grml.org
1256 Doing so makes sure the right people get your patches for review and
1261 This manual page is the **reference** manual for //grmlzshrc//.
1263 That means that in contrast to the existing refcard it should document **every**
1264 aspect of the setup.
1266 This manual is currently not complete. If you want to help improving it, visit
1267 the following pages:
1269 http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=zshrcmanual
1271 http://lists.mur.at/pipermail/grml/2009-August/004609.html
1273 Contributions are highly welcome.
1277 This manpage was written by Frank Terbeck <ft@grml.org>, Joerg Woelke
1278 <joewoe@fsmail.de>, Maurice McCarthy <manselton@googlemail.com> and Axel
1279 Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>.
1283 Copyright (c) 2009-2010 grml project <http://grml.org>
1285 This manpage is distributed under the terms of the GPL version 2.
1287 Most parts of grml's zshrc are distributed under the terms of GPL v2, too,
1288 except for **accept-line()** and **vcs_info()**, which are distributed under
1289 the same conditions as zsh itself (which is BSD-like).