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31 <p>Up2date: 20060122 - applies to version grml 0.6/grml-small 0.2</p>
33 <p><a name="toc"></a><strong>Index:</strong></p>
35 <p class="toc"><a href="#general">General:</a></p>
37 <li><a href="#whatis">What is grml?</a></li>
38 <li><a href="#get">Where do I get grml?</a></li>
39 <li><a href="#whatmeans">What does grml mean?</a></li>
40 <li><a href="#pronounce">How to pronounce grml?</a></li>
41 <li><a href="#releasename">What about the release name?</a></li>
42 <li><a href="#requirements">Requirements for running grml</a></li>
43 <li><a href="#why">Why another Linux distribution?</a></li>
44 <li><a href="#license">What's the license of grml?</a></li>
45 <li><a href="#difference">What's the difference between grml and $OTHER-DISTRIBUTION? What are your main goals?</a></li>
46 <li><a href="#knoppix">What's the difference between grml and Knoppix?</a></li>
47 <li><a href="#accessibility">What does accessibility at grml mean?</a></li>
48 <li><a href="#emulation">Is it possible to run grml with $EMULATOR?</a></li>
49 <li><a href="#store">Is it possible to store my settings?</a></li>
52 <p class="toc"><a href="#grmlsmall">grml-small:</a></p>
54 <li><a href="#whatissmall">What is grml-small?</a></li>
55 <li><a href="#smallvsnormal">What is the difference between 'normal' grml and grml-small?</a></li>
56 <li><a href="#usb">How do I boot grml from an USB stick?</a></li>
59 <p class="toc"><a href="#system">System</a>:</p>
61 <li><a href="#configure">Which tools exist to configure grml?</a></li>
62 <li><a href="#password">What are the passwords of users on grml?</a></li>
63 <li><a href="#version">How to find out the version of grml</a></li>
64 <li><a href="#remove_cd">Is it possible to run LiveCD and eject CD-ROM?</a></li>
65 <li><a href="#language">How do I change the language/keyboard settings?</a></li>
66 <li><a href="#kde_and_foo">KDE, Gnome, $FOO and $BAR</a></li>
67 <li><a href="#wms">Which window managers can I use?</a></li>
68 <li><a href="#booting">Which ways exist to boot grml?</a></li>
69 <li><a href="#bugreport">Bugreport</a></li>
70 <li><a href="#hdinstall">Is it possible to install grml to harddisk?</a></li>
71 <li><a href="#hardware">I have problems with my hardware!</a></li>
72 <li><a href="#boot">grml does not boot on my computer!</a></li>
75 <p class="toc"><a href="#kernel">Kernel</a>:</p>
77 <li><a href="#kernelconfig">Where can I find the configuration for the kernel used on grml?</a></li>
78 <li><a href="#kernelpatches">Are there any special components/patches in the kernel used on grml?</a></li>
79 <li><a href="#platform">Which platforms is the grml kernel optimized for?</a></li>
82 <p class="toc"><a href="#software">Software:</a></p>
84 <li><a href="#sw_general">General</a></li>
85 <li><a href="#sw_version">What version of $PACKAGE is available?</a></li>
86 <li><a href="#init">Init-System</a></li>
87 <li><a href="#zsh">Why is zsh the default shell (/bin/sh)?</a></li>
88 <li><a href="#bash">Is a bash available?</a></li>
89 <li><a href="#setuid">setuid/SUID</a></li>
90 <li><a href="#aide">aide</a></li>
91 <li><a href="#bitchx">bitchx</a></li>
92 <li><a href="#ispell">ispell</a></li>
93 <li><a href="#latex">LaTeX</a></li>
94 <li><a href="#slapd">slapd</a></li>
95 <li><a href="#tripwire">tripwire</a></li>
98 <p class="toc"><a href="#release">Release related issues</a>:</p>
100 <li><a href="#known_issues">Are there any known issues with this release?</a></li>
101 <li><a href="#ipw">Using IPW driver with DHCP</a></li>
102 <li><a href="#wpa">Using WPA with >=2.6.13-grml</a></li>
103 <li><a href="#proc_usb">Why isn't /proc/bus/usb mounted anymore?</a></li>
106 <p class="toc"><a href="#xserver">X-Server</a></p>
108 <li><a href="#xstart">How do I start the X server?</a></li>
109 <li><a href="#xproblem">X does not start on my box?!</a></li>
110 <li><a href="#xresolution">I don't like the resolution of X!</a></li>
113 <p class="toc"><a href="#framebuffer">Framebuffer</a></p>
115 <li><a href="#video">The boot option video does not work as expected anymore?</a></li>
116 <li><a href="#fbprobs">I don't see anything when booting grml?!</a></li>
119 <p class="toc"><a href="#question">Further questions</a></p>
121 <h2><a name="general"></a><a href="#toc">General</a></h2>
123 <h3><a name="whatis"></a><a href="#toc">What is grml?</a></h3>
125 <p>grml is a bootable CD (Live-CD) based on <a
126 href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a> and <a
127 href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>. grml includes a collection of
128 GNU/Linux software especially for users of texttools and system
129 administrators. grml provides automatic hardware detection. You can use grml
130 as a rescue system, for analyzing systems/networks or as a working
131 environment. It is not necessary to install anything to a harddisk. Due to
132 on-the-fly decompression grml includes about 2.1 GiB of software and
133 documentation on the CD.</p>
135 <h3><a name="get"></a><a href="#toc">Where do I get grml?</a></h3>
137 <p>You can download grml of course: take a look at <a
138 href="http://grml.org/download">grml.org/download/</a>. If you want
139 to get an original grml-CD including <a
140 href="http://grml.org/files/#covers">the grml-cover</a>, need a
141 special amount of CDs or want your own special grml-CD (including
142 your logo, your software and/or special settings) <a
143 href="http://grml.org/contact/">please don't hesitate to contact
144 us</a>! Take a look at <a
145 href="http://solutions.grml.org/">grml-solutions</a> for more
146 information regarding our offers.</p>
148 <h3><a name="whatmeans"></a><a href="#toc">What does grml mean?</a></h3>
150 <p>grml is short for 'grummel' and comes close to 'argl' or 'grrr' in english. People
151 use this when they want to express their dissatisfaction/discontentedness with software
152 (amongst other things):</p>
155 $ grep -ch grml .centericq/**/history | xargs echo | \
156 sed 's/[0-9]*/& + /g' | sed 's/+ $//g' | bc -l
159 <h3><a name="pronounce"></a><a href="#toc">How to pronounce grml?</a></h3>
162 $ echo 'ghroummel' | festival --tts
163 $ flite -o play -t gremel</pre>
165 <h3><a name="releasename"></a><a href="#toc">What about the release name?</a></h3>
167 <p>Codename of grml 0.6 is Winterschlapfn. This is austrian slang for the
168 german word Winterreifen which stands for 'snow tyre'.</p>
170 <p>Codename of grml-small 0.2 is Corry. Corry is the nickname of <a
171 href="/team/">Michael Gebetsroither's</a> girlfriend.</p>
173 <h3><a name="requirements"></a><a href="#toc">Requirements for running grml</a></h3>
176 <li>Intel-compatible CPU (i586 or later, preferably Pentium class or higher)</li>
177 <li>at least 64MB of RAM (for stable use with ramdisks for unionfs and udev and running X window system
178 we recommend at least 128MB)</li>
179 <li>grml-small: at least 32MB RAM should be available</li>
180 <li>bootable CD-ROM drive (or a boot floppy and standard CD-ROM [IDE/ATAPI
181 or SCSI]) [or network - see <a href="#terminalserver">grml-terminalserver</a>]</li>
184 <h3><a name="why"></a><a href="#toc">Why another Linux distribution?</a></h3>
186 <p>There already exist "<a
187 href="http://www.distrowatch.com/">some</a>" distributions. We decided
188 to base our work on the existing infrastructure of <a
189 href="http://debian.org/">Debian</a> and <a
190 href="http://www.knoppix.net/">Knoppix</a> because we don't want to reinvent
191 the wheel. Some admins already use their own rescue-CD and Knoppix works but
192 does not bring that many important tools for admins and users of texttools
193 out of the box so we decided to share our work with others.</p>
195 <h3><a name="license"></a><a href="#toc">What's the license of grml?</a></h3>
197 <p>Anything written by the grml team is published under the GPL (<a
198 href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>).
199 You don't have to pay anything for running grml. <a
200 href="/donations/">Donations</a> and <a href="/contact/">feedback</a> are
201 welcome of course. If you want to get a special LiveCD or need support take a
202 look at <a href="http://solutions.grml.org/">grml-solutions</a>.</p>
204 <h3><a name="difference"></a><a href="#toc">What's the difference between grml and
205 $OTHER-DISTRIBUTION? What are your main goals?</a></h3>
207 <p>The main goal of grml is to be a distribution well suited for
208 users of texttools and sysadmins. grml includes many important
209 texttools (of course awk, sed, grep,... but also zsh, mutt[ng],
210 slrn, vim and many other stuff) and useful programs for admin's
211 daily work too. grml uses the existing infrastructure of <a
212 href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>. grml was once based on <a
213 href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a> (see '<a
214 href="#knoppix">What's the difference between grml and
215 Knoppix?</a>' for more details). We are merging
216 useful things also from other distributions/live-cds to provide a
217 perfect environment.</p>
219 <h3><a name="knoppix"></a><a href="#toc">What's the difference between grml and Knoppix?</a></h3>
221 <p>grml comes with a vastly different set of software. Missing KDE
222 and OpenOffice provides the opportunity of shipping more than 800
223 packages which Knoppix does not provide on it's CD version. grml
224 boots a 2.6.x kernel but no X for faster startup. Knoppix is based
225 on Debian/testing-experimental (using apt-pinning), but grml is
226 basically based on plain Debian/unstable providing more current
227 versions of software and less painfull upgrades. grml was once
228 based on Knoppix but has nowadays (except of a similar initial
229 ramdisk) nothing in common with Knoppix anymore:</p>
233 # find / -iname \*knoppix\*
236 <p>We consider Knoppix as a brand name for live-cds nowadays and
237 provide most of Knoppix features as well. grml uses (mostly) the
238 same cheatcodes for booting as Knoppix and provides even some extra
239 ones. So if you are used to the basic Knoppix features you might
240 find them on the grml-system as well. Ripping out the Knoppix
241 stuff provides the possibility to create a grml system out of a
242 Debian system and vice versa. Running 'apt-get install grml' on a
243 Debian box will be officially supported in an upcoming version of
246 <h3><a name="accessibility"></a><a href="#toc">What does accessibility at grml mean?</a></h3>
248 <p>The grml kernel includes <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/#speakup">support for
249 speakup</a> and provides software like brltty (using bootoption 'grml blind
250 brltty=type,port,tbl'), emacspeak and flite.</p>
252 <h3><a name="emulation"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to run grml with $EMULATOR?</a></h3>
254 <p><a href="http://www.vmware.com/">VMWare</a> should work without any
255 problems. It's also possible to run grml with <a
256 href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>, an emulator for various
257 CPUs which works on Linux, Windows, FreeBSD and Mac OS X. Running grml with
258 QEMU has been tested successful on Windows and Linux, take a look at <a
259 href="http://grml.org/qemu/">the QEMU-grml-webpage</a>.</p>
261 <h3><a name="store"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to store my settings?</a></h3>
263 <p>Yes. grml provides a powerfull config framework. See <a
264 href="http://grml.org/config/">grml.org/config/</a>, <a
265 href="file:///usr/share/doc/grml-saveconfig/grml-config.html">/usr/share/doc/grml-saveconfig/grml-config.html</a>
266 and 'man save-config restore-config mkpersistenthome' for more
269 <h2><a name="grmlsmall"></a><a href="#toc">grml-small?</a></h2>
271 <h3><a name="whatissmall"></a><a href="#toc">What is grml-small?</a></h3>
273 <p>Whereas grml provides about 2.1GiB of software on a 700MB-ISO, grml-small
274 is a flavor with online ~55MB ISO-size (~200MB uncompressed). It does not
275 provide a lot of software but the essential stuff for being a rescue system
276 on a business card CD-ROM or a small usb device. You can use the debian
277 package management system to install software on the fly (assuming you have
278 network access to a debian mirror). Take a look at the <a
279 href="http://grml.org/files/">'Debian-Information'-section</a> if you are
280 searching for the package list.</p>
282 <h3><a name="smallvsnormal"></a><a href="#toc">What is the
283 difference between 'normal' grml and grml-small?</a></h3>
285 <p>The 700MB-grml brings more than 2370 packages of software and a <a
286 href="http://grml.org/kernel/">full-featured kernel</a>. grml-small includes
287 about 215 software-packages, lacks documentation and manpages on the ISO and
288 has a stripped-down <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/">kernel</a> (but still
289 provides hardware recognition of course). <a
290 href="#terminalserver">grml-terminalserver</a> is <strong>not</strong>
291 available/supported on grml-small.</p>
293 <h3><a name="usb"></a><a href="#toc">How do I boot grml from an USB stick?</a></h3>
295 <p>Take a look at the script <a
296 href="http://grml.org/scripts/grml2usb">grml2usb</a>. For more details take a
297 look at the <a href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=usb">usb-webpage in the
300 <h2><a name="system"></a><a href="#toc">System</a></h2>
302 <h3><a name="configure"></a><a href="#toc">Which tools exist to configure grml?</a></h3>
304 <p>grml provides several scripts and tools which should make life easier. See 'dpkg -L grml-scripts' to get an
305 overview about some main scripts. Run 'grml-config' to get a dialog interface for the most important scripts
308 <h3><a name="password"></a><a href="#toc">What are the passwords of users on grml?</a></h3>
310 <p>There are no default passwords. All accounts are locked by
311 default. Even local logins are not possible (unless you set a
312 password or create new user accounts as root). You can create
313 valid passwords using "sudo passwd [username]" from the shell,
316 <h3><a name="version"></a><a href="#toc">How to find out the version of grml</a></h3>
318 <p>Run 'grml-version' or use the following command:</p>
321 $ cat /etc/grml_version</pre>
323 <h3><a name="remove_cd"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to run LiveCD and eject CD-ROM?</a></h3>
326 $ sudo umount -l /cdrom
327 $ sudo eject /dev/cdrom # now don't run any new programs ;)
328 $ mount /dev/cdrom # mount it again if needed ;)
331 <h3><a name="language"></a><a href="#toc">How do I change the language/keyboard settings?</a></h3>
333 <p>By default grml uses english settings. But it is possible to
334 change the settings via using either the bootparam(s) lang,
335 keyboard and xkeyboard or via running grml-lang when grml is
336 running already. Usage examples:</p>
339 grml lang=de # enter this at the bootprompt and you will get
340 # german keyboard layout and german $LANG, $LC_ALL,
342 grml keyboard=de xkeyboard=de lang=at # enter this at the bootprompt
343 # and you will get german keyboard and austrian
345 $ grml-lang de # enter this in the shell to switch keyboard layout
346 # and $LANG settings in a running grml-system
349 <p>If you are running grml from harddisk (using <a
350 href="#hdinstall">grml2hd</a>) you have several options how to set
351 language options:</p>
355 <li>adjust /etc/sysconfig/i18n to configure global language
358 <li>set $LC_ALL, $LANG $LANGUAGE in your ~/.xinitrc (before the
359 'exec $WINDOWMANAGER line' of course) to configure
360 language behaviour of programs</li>
362 <li>adjust /etc/sysconfig/keyboard to configure keyboard layout
363 on console or run 'loadkeys $KEYTABLE' manually</li>
365 <li>add 'setxkbmap $LANGUAGE' to the 'keybindings' section in
366 your ~/.xinitrc to configure keyboard setup in X window system
367 (deactivate the xmodmap lines if necessary)</li>
371 <h3><a name="kde_and_foo"></a><a href="#toc">KDE, Gnome, $FOO and $BAR</a></h3>
373 <p>Why isn't KDE, Gnome, $FOO or $BAR part of grml? grml is a distribution
374 for users of texttools and sysadmins. If you would like to run KDE with
375 Debian use e.g. <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a>, <a
376 href="http://www.munjoylinux.org/">Munjoy-Linux</a>, <a
377 href="http://kanotix.com/">Kanotix</a> or <a
378 href="http://www.kubuntu.org/">Kubuntu</a>. Gnome users might find <a
379 href="http://www.ubuntulinux.org/">Ubuntu</a> useful. If you would like to
380 see a special (software) package inside grml please <a
381 href="http://grml.org/report/">report it to us</a>!</p>
383 <h3><a name="wms"></a><a href="#toc">Which window managers can I use?</a></h3>
385 <p>grml is shipped only with window managers which are lightweight and
386 fast - so well suited for a live-cd. At the moment grml provides the window managers:
387 <a href="http://www.6809.org.uk/evilwm/">evilwm</a>,
388 <a href="http://www.fluxbox.org/">fluxbox</a>,
389 <a href="http://modeemi.cs.tut.fi/~tuomov/ion/">ion3</a>,
390 <a href="http://joewing.net/programs/jwm/index.shtml">jwm</a>,
391 <a href="http://pekwm.org/">pekwm</a>,
392 <a href="http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/">ratpoison</a>,
393 <a href="http://www.plig.org/xwinman/vtwm.html">twm</a>,
394 <a href="http://www.grassouille.org/code/w9wm/README">w9wm</a>,
395 <a href="http://www.nickgravgaard.com/windowlab/">windowlab</a>,
396 <a href="http://wmii.de/">wmi and wmii</a>.</p>
398 <p>If you are new to grml and/or prefer an easy-to-use-desktop run 'grml-x
399 wm-ng' for starting fluxbox with idesk and gkrellm.</p>
401 <a name="terminalserver"></a>
402 <h3><a name="booting"></a><a href="#toc">Which ways exist to boot grml?</a></h3>
404 <p>The most common way to boot grml is of course via running from
405 CD-ROM. But grml provides many more ways to boot grml:</p>
407 <p>It is possible to boot grml via USB (e.g. usb stick or harddisk),
408 firewire or running from a compact flash disk. It works out of the
409 box, you don't need to modify anything. If accessing the device
410 fails use the 'scandelay' cheatcode on bootprompt. So boot with
411 'grml scandelay'. If the timeout is still not long enough add the
412 time to wait in seconds as parameter: 'grml scandelay=15'. See <a
413 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=usb">usb-webpage in the
414 grml-wiki</a> for more details.</p>
416 <p>Your computer can not boot from CD-ROM but provides a floppy
417 disk? Take a look at <a
418 href="http://btmgr.webframe.org/">btmgr</a>, <a
419 href="http://ubcd4win.com/faq.htm#floppy">ubcd4win</a> or <a
420 href="http://linux.simple.be/tools/sbm">sbm</a>. They provide
421 support for booting from CD-ROM via a special floppy disk.</p>
423 <p>grml-terminalserver provides the possibility to boot your system
424 via network. If you have a floppy drive you can even boot your
425 system over network when your network card does not provide
426 PXE-support! For more information refer to the <a
427 href="http://grml.org/terminalserver/">grml-terminalserver-webpage</a>.</p>
429 <h3><a name="bugreport"></a><a href="#toc">Bugreport</a></h3>
431 <p>Report bugs via the tool reportbug which is part of the package
432 grml-reportbug and provided with the grml system. If you don't know
433 how to handle reportbug either take a look at <a
434 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=bugs">the bugs-webpage in
435 the grml-wiki</a> or you can send us your bug report via the <a
436 href="http://grml.org/bugs/">bugs-webpage</a>.</p>
438 <h3><a name="hdinstall"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to install grml to harddisk?</a></h3>
440 <p>Yes. grml provides a tool called grml2hd (see '<a
441 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/grml2hd.html">man grml2hd</a>'). grml
442 is developed on a box running the grml-system itself and we - the
443 grml-developers - especially like grml2hd because it gives us a
444 working Linux box within 10 to 30 minutes! grml2hd is perfect for
445 prototyping: test hardware support of Linux, test a specific
446 setup,... You can use grml2hd even in a full automatic mode without
447 any further interaction. More information is available on <a
448 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/">grml.org/grml2hd/</a> and <a
449 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/grml2hd.html">man grml2hd</a>.</p>
451 <h3><a name="hardware"></a><a href="#toc">I have problems with my hardware!</a></h3>
453 <p>Take a look at the script grml-hwinfo. This scripts generates a
454 file namend info.tar.bz2 which contains important information about
455 your hardware. If you think we might help you please run
456 grml-hwinfo and send us the file with additional, relevant
457 information regarding your problem.</p>
459 <h3><a name="boot"></a><a href="#toc">grml does not boot on my computer!</a></h3>
461 <p>Please take a look at <a
462 href="http://grml.org/files/grml-cheatcodes.txt">the available
463 bootparamters and cheatcodes</a> and '<a href="#booting">Which ways
464 exist to boot grml?</a>'. Especially booting with 'acpi=off noapm
465 noapic' might help. Bootparameter 'failsafe' provides a minimal
466 hardware recognition. You still have problems? Please <a
467 href="http://grml.org/contact/">contact us</a>!</p>
469 <h2><a name="kernel"></a><a href="#toc">Kernel</a></h2>
471 <h3><a name="kernelconfig"></a><a href="#toc">Where can I find the configuration for the kernel used on
474 <p>See /boot/config-`uname -r` and on <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/">the kernel-webpage</a>.</p>
476 <h3><a name="kernelpatches"></a><a href="#toc">Are there any special components/patches in the kernel
477 used on grml?</a></h3>
479 <p>grml uses the currentmost stable vanilla Linux kernel from <a
480 href="http://www.kernel.org/">www.kernel.org</a> with some
481 additional patches. More information and an all-in-one patch is
483 href="http://grml.org/kernel/">kernel-page</a>.</p>
485 <h3><a name="platform"></a><a href="#toc">Which platforms is the grml kernel optimized
488 <p>Plain i586 compatibility-mode with SMP deactivated to avoid problems with
489 specific systems and drivers. (Notice: grml-small provides a kernel with SMP
492 <h2><a name="software"></a><a href="#toc">Software</a></h2>
494 <h3><a name="sw_general"></a><a href="#toc">General</a></h3>
496 <p>Want to run a program as root? Just use 'sudo $PROGRAM'. To get a
497 root-shell run 'sudo su'.</p>
499 <p>Problems with a specific package? Please try 'dpkg-reconfigure $foo'.
500 Still encountering difficulties? Please send us a <a
501 href="http://grml.org/bugs/">bugreport</a>!</p>
503 <h3><a name="sw_version"></a><a href="#toc">What version of $PACKAGE is
505 <p>Take a look at the dpkg_...-files in the <a
506 href="http://grml.org/files/#debian">Debian-Information section on
507 grml.org/files/</a>. </p>
509 <h3><a name="init"></a><a href="#toc">Init-System</a></h3>
511 <p>Why is grml using runlevel 2 as default? Because runlevel 2 is 'the
512 textonly one' and it's debian's default.</p>
514 <p>Where are all the /etc/rc#.d-directories? grml doesn't use
515 sysv-rc but file-rc. This means you can configure the init system
516 in one single file namend /etc/runlevel.conf with your favourite
517 editor. No symlink-hell anymore.</p>
519 <h3><a name="zsh"></a><a href="#toc">Why is zsh the default shell (/bin/sh)?</a></h3>
521 <p>Short answer: because zsh rocks.</p>
523 <p>Longer answer taken from <a href="http://zsh.sunsite.dk/FAQ/zshfaq01.html#l3">ZSH
524 FAQ: 1.2: What is it?</a>:</p>
526 <cite> Zsh is a UNIX command interpreter (shell) which of the standard shells most
527 resembles the Korn shell (ksh); its compatibility with the 1988 Korn shell has been
528 gradually increasing. It includes enhancements of many types, notably in the
529 command-line editor, options for customising its behaviour, filename globbing, features
530 to make C-shell (csh) users feel more at home and extra features drawn from tcsh
531 (another `custom' shell).</cite>
533 <p>If you don't know zsh take a look at <a
534 href="http://zsh.sunsite.dk/FAQ/zshfaq02.html#l9">ZSH FAQ: How does zsh
535 differ from...?</a>, 'man zsh | less -p COMPATIBILITY' and '<a
536 href="http://grml.org/zsh/">man zsh-lovers</a>'.</p>
538 <p>If you are a bash-user and don't know the zsh yet don't be afraid. bash is largely a
539 subset of zsh and you don't have to throw away your knowledge about shell-stuff.</p>
541 <h3><a name="bash"></a><a href="#toc">Is a bash available?</a></h3>
543 <p>grml uses the <a href="#zsh">zsh</a> as the default shell but of
544 course a current version of the bash (as many other shells as well)
545 is provided by grml anyway.</p>
547 <h3><a name="setuid"></a><a href="#toc">setuid/SUID</a></h3>
549 <p>If you set a programm SUID (setuid/mode 4755) unprivileged users on your system will
550 be able to run it. This <em>could</em> be a potentially security hole so by default the
551 packages are configured not to install binaries with setuid. If you want to use the
552 binaries with setuid please run 'dpkg-reconfigure $packagename' or 'chmod 4755
553 =programm'. The following packages are well known to have a programm with not-set
566 <h3><a name="aide"></a><a href="#toc">aide</a></h3>
568 <p>Before AIDE can be used, you will have to initialize a database. In order to do
569 this, simply run the following command:</p>
572 /usr/sbin/aideinit</pre>
574 <h3><a name="bitchx"></a><a href="#toc">bitchx</a></h3>
576 <p>Why isn't bitchx part of grml? <a
577 href="http://www.google.com/search?q=bitchx+sucks">bitchx
578 sucks</a>. Please use a better alternative like <a
579 href="http://irssi.org/">irssi</a> or <a
580 href="http://weechat.flashtux.org/index.php?lang=en">weechat</a>
581 which are part of grml.</p>
583 <h3><a name="ispell"></a><a href="#toc">ispell</a></h3>
585 <p>You don't want to use the preselected default for ispell? Run
586 'select-default-ispell' for changing it.</p>
588 <h3><a name="latex"></a><a href="#toc">LaTeX</a></h3>
590 <p>auctex and preview-latex are loaded by default in emacs. If you want to load
591 auctex based on your personal settings put the string "(require 'tex-site)" in your
592 ~/.emacs, for preview-latex use the string '(load "preview-latex")'.<br />
593 To change this run 'dpkg-reconfigure auctex' and/or 'dpkg-reconfigure
596 <h3><a name="slapd"></a><a href="#toc">slapd</a></h3>
597 <p>The password for the admin entry in the LDAP directory is 'grml'.</p>
599 <h3><a name="tripwire"></a><a href="#toc">tripwire</a></h3>
601 <p>The site-key pass-phrase and the local key pass-phrase for tripwire are 'grml'.</p>
603 <h2><a name="release"></a><a href="#toc">Release related issues</a></h2>
605 <h3><a name="known_issues"></a><a href="#toc">Are there any known issues with this release?</a></h3>
607 <p>We won't hide anything. Therefor we do provide all known
608 issues/bugs publicly available:</p>
611 <li><a href="http://bugs.grml.org/">bugs.grml.org</a> (BTS)</li>
612 <li><a href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=grml_0.6">issues regarding
614 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=grml-small_0.2">issues regarding
615 grml-small 0.2</a> in <a href="http://wiki.grml.org/">the
619 <p>If you found another bug or consider any problems not yet
620 mentioned <a href="#bugreport">please report it to us</a>!</p>
622 <h3><a name="ipw"></a><a href="#toc">Using IPW driver with DHCP</a></h3>
624 <p>The ipw-drivers in grml already contain special fixes for fixing
625 problems with ipw and kernel >=2.6.13. But you might have to run
626 'iwlist $DEVICE scanning' (adjust $DEVICE with the corresponding
627 network device) anyway to get an associated connection to the access
630 <h3><a name="wpa"></a><a href="#toc">Using WPA with >=2.6.13-grml</a></h3>
632 <p><a href="http://www.kernel.org/">Vanilla kernel</a> include
633 wireless extensions now (starting with 2.6.13: version 18
634 [12.3.05]). The ipw2200 module uses the wireless extensions
635 instead of custom ioctl()s now. As a result you have to use
636 '-Dwext' for wpa_supplicant to use the wireless extensions when
637 wpa_supplicant is running. Adjust $OPTIONS in
638 /etc/default/wpasupplicant, for example using:</p>
641 OPTIONS="-Dwext -i eth1 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf"</pre>
643 <h3><a name="proc_usb"></a><a href="#toc">Why isn't /proc/bus/usb mounted anymore?</a></h3>
645 <p>Starting with kernel 2.6.14 /dev/bus/usb replaces usbfs.
646 Current versions of libusb check for /dev/bus/usb's existence and
647 /proc/bus/usb is not necessary anymore (see <a
648 href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336596">#336596</a>).
649 Of course 'mount /proc/bus/usb' still works, it is just not mounted
650 by default anymore. If you consider any problems please <a
651 href="#bugreport">report them</a>.</p>
653 <h2><a name="xserver"></a><a href="#toc">X-Server</a></h2>
655 <h3><a name="xstart"></a><a href="#toc">How do I start the X server?</a></h3>
657 <p>Please use 'grml-x' as user grml for starting X. It generates
658 the config file /etc/X11/xorg.conf and lets you start commands on
659 startup (see ~/.xinitrc). Use it for example via switching to TTY4
660 (press Alt+F4) and run the following command to start window
666 <h3><a name="xproblem"></a><a href="#toc">X does not start on my box?!</a></h3>
668 <p>grml-x supports several options. If you want to set some special options
669 please take a look at the grml-x manpage (man grml-x)! Some usage examples:</p>
672 grml-x -display 8 fluxbox # start fluxbox on display 8
673 grml-x -force -nostart # force creation of xconfig file and don't start X server
674 grml-x -hsync 60 fluxbox # set horizontal frequency and start fluxbox
675 grml-x -hsync 60 -vsync 40 fluxbox # set horizontal and vertical sync frequencies and start fluxbox
676 grml-x -mode '800x600' fluxbox # set resolution to 800x600 and start ion3
677 grml-x -module vesa fluxbox # start fluxbox and use vesa module
680 <h3><a name="xresolution"></a><a href="#toc">I don't like the resolution of X!</a></h3>
682 <p>Just run xrandr to switch the resolution. For example: 'xrandr -s
685 <h2><a name="framebuffer"></a><a href="#toc">Framebuffer</a></h2>
687 <h3><a name="video"></a><a href="#toc">The boot option video does not work as
688 expected anymore?!</a></h3>
690 <p>grml versions 0.4 and 0.5 provided <a
691 href="http://grml.org/kernel/#vesafbtng">vesafb-tng</a> instead of
692 normal vesafb. Starting with grml 0.6 and grml-small 0.2 vesafb-tng
693 is not part of the grml-kernel anymore because it caused too many
694 problems. Therefor you can use the 'normal' vga=... option
697 <h3><a name="fbprobs"></a><a href="#toc">I don't see anything when booting grml?!</a></h3>
699 <p>Probably this is a problem with vesafb framebuffer. Try to boot
700 with bootoption 'nofb' or 'grml vga=normal'.</p>
702 <h2><a name="question"></a><a href="#toc">Further questions</a></h2>
704 <p>Do you have a question which is not answered in the FAQ or in
705 the provided <a href="http://grml.org/docs/">documentation</a>
706 (also run 'grml-info' on your grml-system)? Run 'grml-tips
707 $KEYWORD' on your grml-system. Take a look at <a
708 href="http://grml.org/">the grml-website</a> and <a
709 href="http://wiki.grml.org/">the grml-wiki</a>. Please don't
710 hesitate to <a href="http://grml.org/contact/">contact us</a>, a
711 good place to start is the <a
712 href="http://grml.org/mailinglist/">grml mailinglist</a>.</p>
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