+++ /dev/null
- CHEATCODES AND HINTS FOR GRML
-==============================================================================
-
-These options work from the (isolinux/grub) bootprompt of Grml based (live) systems.
-
-The following kernel options are available (do NOT use them as 'grml $OPTION',
-use them as '$OPTION'!):
-
-grml Use default settings (same as just pressing return)
-grml2ram Copy Grml's squashfs file to RAM and
- run from there (compare with 'grml toram')
-memtest Run Memtest86+ instead of Linux
-fb1280x1024 Use fixed framebuffer graphics (1)
-fb1024x768 Use fixed framebuffer graphics (2) [notice: Grml's default]
-fb800x600 Use fixed framebuffer graphics (3)
-nofb Disable framebuffer
-floppy Boot from floppydisk
-hd / hd1 / hd2 / hd3 Boot from (local) primary / secondary /... harddisk
-failsafe Boot with (almost) no HW-detection
-debug Get shells during process of booting for debugging
-bootchart Create chart of booting sequence in /var/log/bootchart.tgz
-forensic Do not touch any harddisks during hardware recognition
-serial Activate ttyS0 and start a getty
-grub Boot Grub bootloader (special all-in-one-image)
-dos Boot FreeDOS
-bsd Boot MirOS BSD
-hdt Boot Hardware Detection Tool (from syslinux project)
-
-Further documentation regarding the boot process can be found at:
-* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-initramfs-grml.git;a=blob_plain;f=manpages/live-initramfs.en.7.txt;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-boot-grml.git;a=blob;f=manpages/en/live-boot.7;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.debian.org/?p=kernel/initramfs-tools.git;a=blob_plain;f=initramfs-tools.8;hb=HEAD
-* http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
-
-The following boot options can be combined.
-Notice: not all of them are available on all the Grml flavours.
-For example the X window system is not part of grml-small.
-
-Regional settings:
-------------------
-grml lang=at|de|cn|da|es|fr|it Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
-grml lang=nl|pl|ru|sk|tr|tw|us Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
-grml lang=$LANG-iso Activate $LANG (use like in lines above) with iso-mode instead of utf8
-grml gmt Use GMT-based time (UTC=yes)
-grml utc Use Coordinated Universal Time (UTC=yes)
-grml localtime Use local time (UTC=no)
-grml tz=Europe/Vienna Use specified timezone for TZ
-grml keyboard=us xkeyboard=us Use different keyboard layout (text-console/X)
-
-Configuration settings:
------------------------
-grml myconfig=/dev/fd0 Set the DCS dir (debs, config, scripts) to the root of this device
- DCS dir defaults to the live image or a device labeled GRMLCFG
- If a file /config.tbz exists, it is extracted from there.
- /dev/fd0 for floppy disk
- /dev/sda1 for USB-stick/first SCSI-device
-grml autoconfig=SOMELABEL Set the DCS dir to the root of the device labeled with SOMELABEL.
- If undefined search for a device labeled with GRMLCFG.
-grml netconfig=server/config.tbz Download file and extract configuration archive
-grml netscript=server/file Download and execute file
-grml partconf=/dev/sda2 Copy files specified in /etc/grml/partconf from /dev/sda2
- to booting grml system
-grml file=foobar.tbz Use specified file as name for configuration archive
- instead of the default one (config.tbz)
-grml extract=/etc Extract only /etc from configuration archive,
- use it in combination with myconfig or netconfig
-grml persistent=nofiles Enable persistency feature, more details available at
- http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=persistency
- Notice that the "=nofiles" argument is optional, though recommended
- as default setting.
-grml hostname=... Set hostname to given argument
-grml hostname Set a random hostname
- [Note: only available with releases newer than 2010.04]
-grml nodhcphostname Do not to set the hostname according to the dns information
-grml nonetworking Do not create/overwrite /etc/network/interface during startup
-grml distri=... Set distribution name to given argument. If a jpg file named like the
- given distri name can be found in directory desktop on the ISO
- (/cdrom/desktop/"$DISTRI") it will be taken as wallpaper for grml
-grml debnet Search through local partitions for file /etc/network/interfaces,
- copy /etc/network to local system and restart networking then
-grml dns=8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 Set DNS resolvers during boot and for live system.
-grml ip=... Standard Linux kernel ip= boot option. Arguments:
- clientip:nfsserverip:gwip:netmask:hostname:device:autoconf
- Valid values for autoconf: off, on, dhcp, bootp, rarp, both.
- Almost everything is optional. Most common form: ip=dhcp
-grml mypath=... Add specified option into $PATH of Zsh
- For example when using "grml mypath=/foobar" then /foobar
- will be added to the end of $PATH inside Zsh
-grml debs Install all Debian packages from the "debs" directory of your DCS
- directory (see myconfig=, typically the root of your ISO image).
-grml debs=path-name-wildcard Install Debian packages from DCS directory (see myconfig=,
- typically the root of your ISO image). If path does not contain a
- "/" the package(s) will be installed from directory "debs" of the
- DCS directory instead. The "path-name-wildcard" can contain
- wildcards (e.g. debs=rat* will install a packages starting with "rat"
- from directory debs/).
-grml scripts=path-name Execute script (defaulting to grml.sh) inside DCS dir. Path names
- allowed. If path-name points to a directory, all scripts found in
- the directory are executed.
-grml config=path-name Unpack archive that path-name points to
-grml noautoconfig Disable searching for device labeled GRMLCFG
-
-Notice: Take a look at http://grml.org/config/ and 'man 1 grml-autoconfig'
-for more information regarding the configuration framework of Grml.
-
-Booting related options:
-------------------------
-grml toram Copy the whole CD/medium to RAM and run from there
-grml toram=filename.squashfs Copy the specified file to RAM and run from there
- Usage example: grml toram=grml-medium.squashfs
- Notice: grml2ram is an alias for this option which
- corresponds with the grml flavour settings by default
-grml tohd=/dev/sda1 Copy Grml's squashfs file to harddisk partition for later
- use via "grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1"
-grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1 Use the squashfs file from directory 'live' of the specified device
- Setup can be done booting 'grml tohd=/dev/sda1' or
- running 'rsync -a --progress /live/image/live /mnt/sda1/'
-grml bootfrom=removable Restrict search for the live media to removable type only.
-grml bootfrom=removable-usb Restrict search for the live media to usb mass storage only.
-grml isofrom=/dev/sda1/grml.iso Use specified ISO image for booting
- Useful when booting as a rescue system from harddisk - just boot
- the according grml kernel and initrd using the bootoptions
- "boot=live isofrom=/dev/sda1/grml.iso"
- Notice: "fromiso" does the same as "isofrom", it's just there
- to prevent any typing errors
-grml findiso=/grml_2010.12.iso Look for the specified ISO file on all disks where it usually
- looks for the .squashfs file (so you don't have to know the device name
- as in isofrom=....).
-grml fetch=$IP/filename.squashfs Download a squashfs image from a given url, copying to ram and booting it.
- [Note: releases before 2011.05 didn't support DNS but IP only.]
-grml live-media-path=live Sets the path to the live filesystem on the medium
- By default, it is set to /live
-grml module=grml Instead of using the default "$name.module" another file can
- be specified without the extension ".module"; it should be placed
- on "/live" directory of the live medium
- Useful for Multiboot USB pen, see
- http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=tips#multiboot_usb_pen
-grml bootid=mybootid Use specified argument as identifier for the ISO.
- mybootid is specified in /conf/bootid.txt on the ISO.
- [Note: only available since release 2010.04]
-grml ignore_bootid Disable bootid verification.
- [Note: only available since release 2010.04]
-
-
-Debugging related settings:
----------------------------
-grml debug Get shells during process of booting, using GNU screen, be verbose
-grml debug=1 Get shells during process of booting, using GNU screen, be verbose and
- display shell code being executed in initramfs.
-grml debug=noscreen Get shells during process of booting, verbose, but without using GNU screen
-grml nocolor Disable colorized output while booting
-grml log Log error messages while booting to /tmp/grml.log.`date +%Y%m%d`"
- and /var/log/boot
-grml testcd Check CD data integrity and md5sums
-
-Service related settings:
--------------------------
-grml ssh=password Set password for user grml and start ssh-server
-grml startup=script Start $script instead of grml-quickconfig on startup
-grml nosyslog Do not start syslog daemon
-grml nogpm Disable GPM daemon
-grml noconsolefont Disable setting of console font (using consolechars)
-grml noblank Disable console blanking
-grml tsplash Text based bootsplash
-grml noquick Disable grml-quickconfig startup script
-grml small Do not start that many consoles
-grml wondershaper=eth0,1000,500 Set up basic traffic shaping
-grml services={postfix,mysql,...} Start service(s) which have an init-script (/etc/init.d/)
-grml welcome Welcome message via soundoutput
-grml noeject Do NOT eject CD after halt/reboot
-grml noprompt Do NOT prompt to remove the CD when halting/rebooting the system
-grml distcc=$NETWORK,$INTERFACE Activate distcc-daemon to listen on specified network
- and interface, usage example:
- distcc=192.168.0.1/24,eth0
-grml gcc=3.4 gpp=3.4 Link /usr/bin/gcc, /usr/bin/cpp and /usr/bin/c++ to specified version
-grml startx{=windowmanager} Start X window system automatically
- Default window manager (if not provided): wm-ng (wrapper around fluxbox)
-grml nostartx If using startx as default bootoption the nostartx *disables* automatic
- startup of X again. (This bootoption is relevant for grml based derivatives
- which decide to enable startx by default only, plain grml does not use
- automatic startup of X by default.)
-
-Accessibility related settings:
--------------------------------
-grml blind Start Braille-Terminal (no X)
-grml hwspeak Probe all available speakup hardware modules
-grml swspeak Prepare system for use with software synthesizer through speakup
- Run 'swspeak' after booting up to activate sound output
-grml swspeak=espeak Use espeakup (if available) as connector to speakup
- Run 'swspeak' after booting up to activate sound output
-grml swspeak=speechd Use speech-dispatcher / speechd-up (if available) as connector to speakup
- Run 'swspeak' after booting up to activate sound output
-grml brltty=type,port,table Parameters for Braille device (e.g.: brltty=al,/dev/ttyS0,text.de.tbl)
-grml speakup.synth=... Use speakup kernel module with given hardware type
- Usage example: speakup.synth=apollo
-
-Hardware related settings:
---------------------------
-grml swap Activate present/detected swap partitions
-grml noswraid Disable scanning for software raid arrays (creates /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf)
-grml swraid Enable automatic assembling of software raid arrays
-grml nodmraid Do not enable present dmraid devices.
-grml dmraid=on Automatically enable any present dmraid devices.
-grml dmraid=off Actively try to stop any present dmraid devices.
-grml nolvm Disable scanning for Logical Volumes (LVM)
-grml lvm Automatically activate Logival Volumes (LVM) during boot
-grml readonly Make sure all harddisk devices (/dev/hd* /dev/sd*) are forced to read-only mode
-grml ethdevice=... Use specified network device for network boot instead of default (eth0)
-grml xmodule=ati|fbdev|i810|mga Use specified X.org-Module (1)
-grml xmodule=nv|radeon|savage|s3 Use specified X.org-Module (2)
-grml xmodule=radeon|svga|i810 Use specified X.org-Module (3)
-grml no{acpi,agp,apm,cpu,dhcp} Skip parts of HW-detection (1)
-grml no{dma,fstab,modem} Skip parts of HW-detection (2)
-grml no{pcmcia,scsi,swap,usb} Skip parts of HW-detection (3)
-grml 915resolution=... Start resolution modify tool for Intel graphic chipset
- usage: $MODE,$XRESO,$YRESO
-grml blacklist=modulename[,module2] Completely disable loading of specified module(s) via
- blacklisting through udev's /etc/modprobe.d/grml
-grml fwtimeout=50 Set firmware timeout via /sys/class/firmware/timeout to specified value
-grml nosound Mute sound devices (notice: this does not deactivate loading of sound drivers!)
-grml vol=number Set mixer volumes to level $number
-grml micvol=number Set mixer volume of microphone to level $number (default: 0)
-grml pnpbios=off No PnP Bios initialization
-grml acpi=off Disable ACPI Bios completely
-grml nousb2 Disable initialization of USB 2.x controller(s)
-grml nousb Disable initialization of USB in booting sequence
-grml nofirewire Disable initialization of firewire devices in booting sequence
-grml pci=irqmask=0x0e98 Try this, if PS/2 mouse doesn't work *)
-grml pci=bios Workaround for bad PCI controllers
-grml ide2=0x180 nopcmcia Boot from PCMCIA-CD-ROM (some notebooks)
-grml mem=128M Specify Memory size in MByte
-grml libata.force=[ID:]VAL Force configurations for libata.
- Usage example: grml libata.force=1:pio4
- to force pio4 mode on device "ata1:00:"
-grml libata.dma=0 Disable DMA on PATA and SATA devices
-grml libata.ignore_hpa=1 Disable host protected area (which should enable the whole disk)
-grml vga=normal No-framebuffer mode (does not influence X)
-grml vga=ask Display menu for framebuffer mode
-grml radeon.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Radeon driver.
-grml i915.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Intel driver.
-grml nouveau.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Nouveau driver.
-
-Installation related settings:
-------------------------------
-
-Caution: do *NOT* use the grml2hd and/or debian2hd bootoption if you do not know what you are doing!
-
-Install plain Debian via debian2hd bootoption (which runs grml-debootstrap in non-interactive mode):
-
-debian2hd <options> ... whereas valid options for debian2hd are:
-
- target= target partition/directory of the new Debian system, e.g.: target=/dev/sda1
- grub= where to install grub to, e.g.: grub=/dev/sda
- release= specify release of new Debian system (default is stable), e.g.: release=sid
- mirror= specify mirror for apt-get/aptitude, e,g.: mirror=http://cdn.debian.net/debian
- password= set passwort of user root without prompting for it, e.g.: password=AiTh5ahn
-
- Usage example for automatic installation:
-
- debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=http://cdn.debian.net/debian password=foobar
-
- See http://grml.org/grml-debootstrap/ for more information.
-
-Install grml via grml2hd bootoption (which runs grml2hd in non-interactive mode):
-
-grml2hd <options> ... whereas valid options for grml2hd are:
-
- user= user name for user which should be used at hd-install
- filesystem={ext2|ext3|reiserfs|reiser4|jfs|xfs} filesystem to be used
- mbr=/dev/... partition where MBR should be installed (default:=partition)
- partition=/dev/... partition where grml should be installed
-
- Usage example for booting:
- grml2hd partition=/dev/sda4 mbr=/dev/sda filesystem=ext3 user=mika
-
- Passwords of user root and user are "grml" - please adjust after hd-install!
-
- See http://grml.org/grml2hd/ for more information.
-
-Additional notes:
------------------
-
-*) If your Grml-CD makes strange noises during boot, or you see frequent
-errors like "squashfs: read error", or programs are crashing randomly,
-then your CD image is probably defective or incomplete, your CD-burner
-created a defective CD due to wrong writing speed or bad media or your
-CD-ROM drive is broken. This is the most common error reported. Please
-boot with "grml testcd" to check if the CD is OK, and/or even better,
-verify the MD5 checksums that are present on the mirrors before writing
-the CD. Check your CD low-level via running 'readcd -c2scan
-dev=/dev/cdrom'. In some cases, defective IDE controllers cause this
-error if you have DMA enabled. Also, please read the grml-FAQ.
-
-*) In case of a failing hardware autodetection, try booting with any of
-the "no-" options as shown in the table above, like in
- grml noagp noapm noapic acpi=off nodma
-to skip some critical parts of the autodetection system.
-
-*) Some boards (especially those with E-ISA slots) apparently don't pass
-the proper memory size to the linux-kernel. It may cause the message
-"Panic: cannot mount root file system" and the system hangs. Use "grml
-mem=128M" to solve that problem if your system has 128MByte memory for
-example (caution: you MUST use a capital "M" here).
-
-*) The "myconfig=/dev/partition" option allows you to reconfigure the
-system after autoconfiguration by running a bourne shell script called
-"grml.sh" and/or extracting configuration files from a file named
-config.tbz from the root directory on the given device (or floppy).
-Take a look at http://grml.org/config/ for more information regarding
-the configuration framework of grml.
-
-*) If you wish to remaster the CD, please don't forget to specify
-
- -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
- -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat
-
-as option to mkisofs. Otherwise your CD won't be bootable. The
-directory live, containing the squashfs compressed filesystem file,
-must be located in the top level directory of the CD.
-
-*) Caution: screensavers: Don't start vlock or any other screensaver
-that requires a password manually. There are no default passwords on
-the live system - all accounts are LOCKED by default for security reasons.
-Instead just invoke the script grml-lock which prompts for setting a
-password.
-
-# EOF
projects / grml-live-grml.git / blobdiff