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-</style>\r
-<title>grml2hd(8)</title>\r
-</head>\r
-<body>\r
-<div id="header">\r
-<h1>grml2hd(8)</h1>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Name</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>grml2hd - install grml on harddisk</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Synopsis</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>grml2hd [ partition ] [ options ]</p>\r
-<div class="sidebarblock">\r
-<div class="sidebar-content">\r
-<p>Important! The grml team does not take responsibility for loss of any data!</p>\r
-</div></div>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Options and environment variables</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>-v</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Return version and exit.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>GRML2HD_NONINTERACTIVE=1 grml2hd ....</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Install grml2hd in non-interactive mode (using /etc/grml2hd/config).</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>NOSWREMOVAL=1 grml2hd ...</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Disable running script remove-packages-server for removing some\r
-special software packages.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>SWRAID='mbr-only' grml2hd /dev/md0 -mbr /dev/md0</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Install grml on raid array /dev/md0 and install mbr as well.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>LVM='/dev/mapper/grml2hd-lvm' grml2hd</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Install grml on a logical volume (LVM).</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Introduction</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>grml2hd installs grml on a partition on your harddisk and makes it\r
-bootable. The partition is formatted with mkfs (using the selected\r
-filesystem), then all necessary files are copied. Then you have to answer a\r
-few questions like username, passwords and which features you want to use\r
-on your harddisk installation. To boot the new installation lilo is\r
-installed in the boot-sector of the partition or in the MBR, depending\r
-on your selection.</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Automatic installation</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>It is possible to run grml2hd in a non-interactive mode where no further\r
-manual input is required. This mode is useful if you do not want to sit in\r
-front of your computer during installation or if you want to set up a\r
-cluster of computers (e.g. a computer lab). There are two possibilities to\r
-run grml2hd in automatic mode. But: Do <strong>not</strong> use the grml2hd\r
-non-interactive mode if you do not know what you are doing!</p>\r
-<h3>Automatic installation trough running grml system</h3>\r
-<p>Configuration of the automatic installation is done via the configuration file\r
-/etc/grml2hd/config. To activate automatic mode you have to set the environment\r
-variable GRML2HD_NONINTERACTIVE or use the <em>-i</em> option on the commandline.\r
-Use the automatic installation mode with care as you won't be prompted\r
-for any more questions!</p>\r
-<h3>Automatic installation through booting grml</h3>\r
-<p>You can install grml without even booting it before. If you do not know\r
-your system very well we recommend booting grml before running grml2hd. If\r
-everything works as intented and you want to install grml on many computers\r
-at the same time you can do this via entering only some few words on the\r
-bootprompt or use grml2hd via\r
-<a href="http://grml.org/terminalserver/">grml-terminalserver</a>.</p>\r
-<p>Configuration is done via boot options:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>user= => user name for user which should be used at hd-install (default: grml)\r
-filesystem={ext2|ext3|reiserfs|reiser4|jfs|xfs} => filesystem to be used (default: ext3)\r
-mbr=/dev/... => partition where MBR should be installed (default:=partition)\r
-partition=/dev/... => partition where grml should be installed (must be set - no default!)</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Usage example for booting and installing grml on partition /dev/hda4:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>grml2hd partion=/dev/hda4 mbr=/dev/hda filesystem=ext3 user=mika</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Passwords of user root and user are "grml" - please adjust after harddisk\r
-installation!</p>\r
-<div class="sidebarblock">\r
-<div class="sidebar-content">\r
-<p>Important: not all filesystems are supported in grml-small. ext3 is the\r
-default and recommended. Do <strong>not</strong> use the grml2hd bootoption if you do not\r
-know what you are doing!</p>\r
-</div></div>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>grml2hd with software RAID</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=raid1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/hda1 /dev/hdc1</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Prepare RAID setup with mdadm.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>SWRAID='mbr-only' grml2hd</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Install grml on raid array /dev/md0 and install mbr as well. The SWRAID\r
-environment variable provides the option for the raid-extra-boot option in\r
-/etc/lilo.conf. Please notice that the driver(s) for the devices used in a\r
-raid array have to be statically compiled into the kernel, otherwise\r
-automatic assembling won't work and assembling has to be done in userland\r
-(won't work for SW-RAID on root partitions then of course).</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>grml2hd with Logical Volumes (LVM)</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>You can configure LVM as you prefer it to (see <em>grml-tips lvm</em> for some basic\r
-instructions on LVM) and use a logical volume as installation target. Usage\r
-example for /dev/hda1:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># make sure /dev/hda1 is of partition type 8E / Linux LVM!\r
-pvcreate /dev/hda1\r
-vgcreate grml2hd /dev/hda1\r
-lvcreate -n rootlv -L1000 grml2hd\r
-LVM=/dev/mapper/grml2hd-rootlv grml2hd</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>grml2hd with encrypted partitions.</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>Installing grml on an encrypted root-partition ('/') is <strong>not</strong> supported.\r
-But you can use encrypted partitions like /home or swap. Install grml2hd as\r
-usual, (re)boot into your grml system and then activate encrypted\r
-partitions manually.</p>\r
-<h3>encrypted swap partition</h3>\r
-<p>Deactivate swap partition:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># swapoff -a</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Now adjust /etc/crypttab</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># echo "cswap /dev/hda5 /dev/urandom swap" >> /etc/crypttab</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Now delete the old swap-entry in /etc/fstab and add the following line:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/dev/mapper/cswap none swap sw,pri=1 0 0</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Make sure this entry is above(!) the 'Warning! Please do *not* change\r
-any…' line! Then enable the encrypted swap partition running:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># /etc/init.d/cryptdisks start && swapon -a</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<h3>encrypted /home partition</h3>\r
-<p>Make sure the device you want to use for your /home-partition is not\r
-mounted. Then initialize the partition you want to use as encrypted /home\r
-using grml-crypt. Important: this will destroy all data on /home!\r
-grml-crypt is a wrapper around cryptsetup-luks, you will be able to use the\r
-partition with every linux distribution which supports cryptsetup-luks.</p>\r
-<p>The following example demonstrates how to use /dev/hda5 as an encrypted\r
-/home partition:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># grml-crypt -t ext3 -o format /dev/hda5</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Now adjust /etc/crypttab</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># echo "chda5 /dev/hda5 none luks" >>/etc/crypttab</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Then add the /home-partition to /etc/fstab (make sure there is not other\r
-entry for the partition):</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/dev/mapper/chda5 /home ext3 defaults 0 0</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Make sure this entry is above(!) the 'Warning! Please do *not* change\r
-any…' line! If you want to keep content of your old /home make sure you\r
-can access it later again:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># mv /home /home.old\r
-# mkdir -m 755 /home</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>To make sure that /home is not accessible before mounted as crypto\r
-partition you can use chattr:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># chattr +i /home</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Now start cryptdisks and mount your new /home-partition:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># /etc/init.d/cryptdisks start && mount /home</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Please make sure cryptdisks is started in runlevel 2 via\r
-/etc/runlevel.conf!</p>\r
-<p>If you moved your old /home to /home.old copy files to your new\r
-/home-partition:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt># cp -a /home.old/* /home/</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>If everything works as expected you will be prompted for the given LUKS\r
-passphrase when booting your grml system.</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Files</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/etc/grml2hd/config</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Configuration file for automatic installation via grml2hd. You do not\r
-need to adjust this file if you do not want to run the automatic installation.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/usr/sbin/grml2hd-chrooted</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>A small helper script, that executes a few commands in the harddisk\r
-installation. You'll never need this script, it's only useful for the\r
-grml2hd script.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/usr/bin/grml2hd-bootparams</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>A small helper script that reads kernel's command line and displays a menu\r
-of boot parameters which should be used for lilo's append line. The script\r
-provides the selected entries on stdout so it's possible to use the script\r
-inside grml2hd itself.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>/boot/grub/grml-template_menu.lst</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Template file for use with grml installation (grml2hd) and Grub.\r
-Adjust it for your needs before using it.</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>FAQ</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<h3>Why is $FEATURE not available in grml2hd?</h3>\r
-<p>Because one major goal of grml2hd is keep it small, simple and stable. If\r
-you think that you can not live without $FEATURE please let us know, see\r
-<a href="#X7">the <em>Bugs</em> section in this document</a> how to report feedback/bugs.</p>\r
-<h3>Why is SW-RAID and/or encrypted partition not available through an interface?</h3>\r
-<p>If you are using such a feature you should know how to handle it. It won't\r
-help you if you get an interface within the installer but do not know\r
-how to handle it afterwards.</p>\r
-<h3>Is it possible to customize grml2hd?</h3>\r
-<p>Yes, you can customize execution of grml2hd via the configuration file\r
-/etc/grml2hd/customization. It is used automatically when running grml2hd,\r
-so you just have to adjust the configuration file itself.</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Known issues</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<h3>grub and SW-RAID</h3>\r
-<p>Installation of grub as bootmanager does not yet support installation on\r
-Software RAID devices.</p>\r
-<h3>I can't boot my grml system because Lilo says LI L99 99 99…</h3>\r
-<p>You probably did not install lilo to master boot record (MBR) within grml2hd and\r
-don't have a bootmanager in your MBR. Solution: Install lilo to MBR. Example:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>sudo mount /mnt/hda1 # mount harddisk\r
-sudo chroot /mnt/hda1 # chroot into the grml-system\r
-vim -X /etc/lilo.conf # adjust the line containing the bootoption to 'boot=/dev/hda'\r
-lilo # now run lilo again, leave chroot environment (exit) and reboot your system afterwards</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<h3>I installed grml on a XFS, JFS or reiser4 filesystem and grml does not boot anymore</h3>\r
-<p>Some filesystems and lilo don't work together when lilo is installed in the\r
-boot sector of the harddisk because the filesystem superblock goes where\r
-lilo would be installed. You have to install lilo in the master boot record\r
-of your harddisk to solve this problem.\r
-If you read this after installing grml to your harddisk you should use the\r
-grml live-cd and fix /etc/lilo.conf manually and rerun lilo (see above).</p>\r
-<h3>I installed grml to an SCSI device and now I can not boot it anymore</h3>\r
-<p>To access an SCSI device you probably need a specific kernel module. This\r
-is provided by an initial ramdisk. Please use the initrd support within\r
-grml2hd. To fix this issue please install a kernel with SCSI-device support\r
-in the chroot after running grml2hd:</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>sudo mount -o /mnt/hda1 # mount harddisk where grml is installed\r
-sudo chroot /mnt/hda1 # chroot into the grml-system\r
-update-initramfs -u -t -k $(uname -r) # create initramfs\r
-vim -X /etc/lilo.conf # adjust lilo for use with initrd\r
-lilo # now run lilo again, leave chroot environment (exit) and reboot your system afterwards</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<h3>Further issues</h3>\r
-<p>TODOs are documented at /usr/share/doc/grml2hd/TODO.</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Usage examples</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>Install grml on /dev/sda4 and install lilo in the mbr of /dev/sda.</p>\r
-<div class="literalblock">\r
-<div class="content">\r
-<pre><tt>GRML2HD_NONINTERACTIVE=1 grml2hd</tt></pre>\r
-</div></div>\r
-<p>Runs grml2hd in automatic (non-interactive) mode. Needs adjustment of\r
-/etc/grml2hd/config. Use with care!</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2><a id="X7"></a>Bugs</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>Please report feedback, <a href="http://grml.org/bugs/">bugreports</a> and wishes <a href="http://grml.org/contact/">to us</a>!</p>\r
-</div>\r
-<h2>Authors</h2>\r
-<div class="sectionbody">\r
-<p>Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org> and Andreas "Jimmy" Gredler <jimmy@grml.org></p>\r
-</div>\r
-<div id="footer">\r
-<div id="footer-text">\r
-Last updated 20-Aug-2007 10:38:34 CEST\r
-</div>\r
-</div>\r
-</body>\r
-</html>\r