Name
----
-grml-debootstrap - wrapper around debootstrap for installing plain Debian via grml
+grml-debootstrap - wrapper around debootstrap for installing plain Debian
Synopsis
--------
------------
grml-debootstrap is a wrapper suite around debootstrap (and cdebootstrap if you
-want) for installing a plain Debian system via grml very fast and easy.
+want) for installing a plain Debian system very fast and easy.
-All you have to do is adjust a few variables in configuration file
-/etc/debootstrap/config (or specify some variables via commandline) and invoke
-grml-debootstrap without any further options then.
+All you have to do is adjust a few variables in the configuration file
+/etc/debootstrap/config or specify some command line options and invoke
+grml-debootstrap. If invoked without any configuration modifications or command
+line options a dialog based frontend will be available to control some basic
+configuration options.
-A plain and base Debian system will be installed on the given device (or
-directory) then. Customization of this process is possible as well.
+A plain and base Debian system will be installed on the given device, directory
+or virtual image file then. Customization of this process is possible as well.
-CAUTION: The grml team does not take responsibility for loss of any data!
+CAUTION: The Grml team does not take responsibility for loss of any data!
Options and environment variables
---------------------------------
-*--arch* <_architecture_>::
+*--arch* _architecture_::
- Architecture you want to bootstrap. Currently only i386 is supported.
- Defaults to the architecture that is currently running on your system. If
- you're running an amd64 system and want to deploy a i386 system use this option.
- Note: deploying amd64 from a i386 system won't work.
+ Set target architecture you want to install. Defaults to the architecture
+ you are currently running. If you're running an amd64 kernel and want to
+ deploy an i386 system use this option. Note: deploying amd64 from an i386
+ kernel does *not* work. Example: "_--arch i386_"
-*--bootappend* <_appendline for the kernel_>::
+*--backportrepos*::
+
+ Enable Debian's Backports repository (http://backports.debian.org/) via the
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list configuration file. This provides the
+ option to install Debian packages from Debian's backports repository.
+
+*--bootappend* _appendline-for-the-kernel_::
Specify appendline for the kernel.
E.g. "_pci=nomsi_"
-*-c*, *--config* <_file_>::
+*-c*, *--config* _file_::
Use specified configuration file, defaults to /etc/debootstrap/config.
-*--chroot-scripts* <_directory_>::
+*--chroot-scripts* _directory_::
Execute chroot scripts from specified directory. This allows customisation
of the chroot setup, the executable script(s) present in the given directory
are executed at the end of the chroot procedure.
Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/chroot-scripts/
-*-d*, *--confdir* <_path_>::
+*-d*, *--confdir* _path_::
Place of configuration files for debootstrap, defaults to /etc/debootstrap.
-*--debconf* <_file_>::
+*--debconf* _file_::
Use specified file for preseeding Debian packages instead of using
the default <confdir>/debconf-selections.
-*--debopt* <_params_>::
+*--debopt* _params_::
Extra parameters passed to the debootstrap command.
-*--grub* <_device_>::
+*--debug*::
+
+ Execute in very verbose way. Useful for debugging possible problems
+ with grml-debootstrap or identify what's actually executed.
+
+*--filesystem* _filesystem_::
+
+ Filesystem that should be created when installing to a partition.
+ If unset defaults to ext4. Valid values are all filesystems that
+ can be created through mkfs._filesystem_.
+
+*--force*::
+
+ Skip user acknowledgement and do not prompt for user input.
+
+*--grmlrepos*::
+
+ Enable Grml.org's Debian repository (http://deb.grml.org/) via the
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list configuration file. This provides the
+ option to install Debian packages from Grml's repository.
+
+*--grub* _device_::
Device where grub should be installed to. Note that only the MBR (master
boot record) can be used (/dev/sda, /dev/sdb,...). Partitions (like
Show summary of options and exit.
-*--hostname* <_hostname_>::
+*--hostname* _hostname_::
- Use specified hostname instead of the default (being 'grml').
+ Use specified hostname instead of the default (being $HOSTNAME or if unset 'grml').
-*-i*, *--iso* <_/mntpoint_>::
+*-i*, *--iso* _/mntpoint_::
- Specify mountpoint where you have a Debian ISO mounted loopback.
+ Specify mount point where you have a Debian ISO mounted loopback.
Using this option instead of the mirror option gives you the possibility
to install the base-system without network access. Make sure you
- mounted the according Debian-ISO to the given <_/mntpoint_>. See section
+ mounted the according Debian-ISO to the given _/mntpoint_. See section
'Usage examples' for a demonstration.
*--keep_src_list*::
Do not overwrite user provided /etc/apt/sources.list.
-*-m*, *--mirror* <_URL_>::
+*-m*, *--mirror* _URL_::
Specify mirror which should be used for apt-get/aptitude.
Corresponding with configuration variable MIRROR.
Skip debootstrap, only do configuration to the target.
-*--insecure*::
+*--nointerfaces*::
+
+ Do not copy /etc/network/interfaces from host system to the target.
+ This option is automatically enabled when using --vmfile.
+
+*--nokernel*::
+
+ Skip installation of default kernel images. This option might be
+ interesting for you if you want a Debian system which doesn't
+ need to provide regular boot, e.g. a system which provides
+ ISOs for booting via GRUB using grml-rescueboot.
+
+*--nopackages*::
+
+ Skip installation of packages defined in /etc/debootstrap/packages.
+
+*--nopassword*::
- Do not download and check signatures for retrieved Release files.
+ Do not prompt for the root password. Note: Use the '--password' option if
+ you want to set the root password during an automatic installation but don't
+ want to use the interactive dialog.
-*-p*, *--mntpoint* <_/mntpoint_>::
+*-p*, *--mntpoint* _/mntpoint_::
- Specify mountpoint that should be used for mounting the target system.
+ Specify mount point that should be used for mounting the target system.
Corresponding with configuration variable MNTPOINT.
Note: this option has no effect if option -t is given and represents a
directory.
-*--packages* <_file_>::
+*--packages* _file_::
Use specified file as list for packages that should be installed instead of
the default package list file <confdir>/packages.
-*--password* <_password_>::
+*--password* _password_::
Use specified password as password for user root. Use with caution, as your
- commandline might be visible in the process list and the shell history.
+ command line might be visible in the process list and the shell history.
It's meant for automatic installation only.
-*-r*, *--release* <_releasename_>::
+*-r*, *--release* _releasename_::
Specify release of new Debian system. Supported releases names: lenny,
- squeeze (note: requires current version of debootstrap) and sid.
+ squeeze, wheezy (note: requires current version of debootstrap) and sid.
Corresponding with configuration variable RELEASE.
-*--pre-scripts* <_directory_>::
+*--pre-scripts* _directory_::
Execute scripts from specified directory before executing the chroot
script. This allows customisation of the system before the chroot has
scripts for direct access of the chroot.
Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/pre-scripts/
-*--scripts* <_directory_>::
+*--scripts* _directory_::
Execute scripts from specified directory. This allows customisation of
the system after the chroot has been set up. The environment variable
$MNTPOINT is available inside the scripts for direct access of the chroot.
Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/scripts/
-*-t*, *--target* <_target_>::
+*-t*, *--target* _target_::
+
Target partition (/dev/...) or directory (anything else without /dev at the
- beginning). To install grub using *--grub* make sure to use a _device_
- instead of a directory as _target_ (installation of grub as bootloader when
- using directories is NOT supported).
+ beginning).
*-v*, *--verbose*::
+
Increase verbosity.
+*--vmfile*::
+
+ Set up a Virtual Machine instead of installing to a partition or directory.
+ This allows deployment of a Virtual Machine. The options needs to be
+ combined with the --target option.
+ Usage example: --vmfile --target /mnt/sda1/qemu.img
+
+*--vmsize* _size_::
+
+ Use specified size for size of Virtual Machine disk file. If not specified it
+ defaults to 2G (being 2GB). Syntax as supported by qemu-img (see manpage
+ qemu-img(1) for details.
+ Usage example: --vmsize 3G
+
*-V*, *--version*::
+
Show version of program and exit.
-WARNING: the commandline parsing of grml-debootstrap does not validate the provided
-arguments for the commandline options. Please be careful and check docs and
-/etc/debootstrap/config for further information.
+WARNING: the command line parsing of grml-debootstrap usually does not validate
+the provided arguments for the command line options. Please be careful and check
+docs and /etc/debootstrap/config for further information.
Usage examples
---------------
grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda
-Install default Debian release (stable/lenny) on /dev/sda1 and install bootmanager
+Install default Debian release (wheezy) on /dev/sda1 and install bootmanager
Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda1 as system partition.
grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda6 --grub /dev/sda --release sid
mount /dev/sda1 /data/chroot
grml-debootstrap --target /data/chroot
-Install default Debian release (stable/lenny) in directory /data/chroot (without
+Install default Debian release (wheezy) in directory /data/chroot (without
any bootloader).
grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda3 --grub /dev/sda --mirror ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian
-Install default Debian release (stable/lenny) on /dev/sda3 and install bootmanager
+Install default debian release (wheezy) in a Virtual Machine file with
+3GB disk size (including Grub as bootmanager in MBR of the virtual disk file):
+
+ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1
+ grml-debootstrap --vmfile --vmsize 3G --target /mnt/sda1/qemu.img
+
+Install default Debian release (wheezy) on /dev/sda3 and install bootmanager
Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda3 as system partition.
Use specified mirror instead of the default (ftp://ftp.debian.de/debian) one.
- mount -o loop /mnt/sda6/debian-40r0-i386-CD-1.iso /mnt/iso
+ mount -o loop /mnt/sda6/debian-CD-1.iso /mnt/iso
grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda --iso file:/mnt/iso/debian/
-Install Debian stable/lenny on /dev/sda1 using the loopback mounted Debian-ISO
+Install Debian on /dev/sda1 using the loopback mounted Debian-ISO
for the base-system and install bootmanager Grub in MBR (master boot record) of
/dev/sda and use /dev/sda1 as system partition. Please notice, that the chroot
system requires network access for all packages which are not part of the
/etc/debootstrap/config
-Main configuration file. You have to adjust it according to your needs
-before you are able to run grml-debootstrap.
+Main configuration file. Adjust it according to your needs if you want to
+execute grml-debootstrap in the non-interactive mode without any special command
+line arguments.
/etc/debootstrap/chroot-script
Defines the software packages which should be installed in the new
Debian system by default.
- /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages
-
-Debian Packages dropped here will be installed into the new Debian system by
-default (Controlvariable: EXTRAPACKAGES)
+ /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages/
- /etc/debootstrap/stages/
-
-The default directory for storing information about executed stages. Every
-single function of grml-debootstrap will write 'done' to the stages directory
-into a file named as the function itself if it has been executed successfully.
-You can adjust the location of the directory via configuration variable STAGES
-via /etc/debootstrap/config. Please notice that you have to remove the stages
-directory on your own if you want to re-execute grml-debootstrap after running it
-successfully once. This should avoid recurrent execution by error of
-grml-debootstrap (which might delete present data).
+Debian Packages dropped in this directory will be installed into the new Debian
+system by default (Control variable: EXTRAPACKAGES)
Customization
-------------
You can control execution of grml-debootstrap via adjusting
/etc/debootstrap/config for some main stuff or via setting some selected
-variables via commandline. The packages which should be installed in the new
+variables via command line. The packages which should be installed in the new
Debian system can be defined via the file /etc/debootstrap/packages. If you
want to put existing files to the new Debian system you can place them into the
(by default non-existing) directories boot, etc, share, usr and var in
/etc/debootstrap/. Every existing directory will be copied to the new Debian
system then. If you want to install additional packages that are not available
-via the grml or debian mirror drop them into /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages and
+via the Grml or Debian mirror drop them into /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages and
make sure that EXTRAPACKAGES is set to "yes".
Automatic installation
If environment variable AUTOINSTALL is set grml-debootstrap can be executed in a
full automatic mode. While this mode isn't really useful for interactive
execution (just configure /etc/debootstrap/configure or specify the relevant
-variables on the commandline instead) it is meant for use via bootoption
-debian2hd. The bootoption debian2hd (more precise: the kernelname on bootprompt)
-supports the following bootoptions (they correspond with the commandline options
-mentioned above):
+variables on the command line instead) it is meant for use via boot option
+debian2hd on the Grml live system. The boot option debian2hd (more precise: the
+kernelname at the bootprompt) supports the following boot options (they
+correspond with the command line options mentioned above):
target=...
release=...
-Specify release of new Debian system. Defaults to Debian stable. Supported
-relases: lenny, squeeze and sid. Usage example: release=sid
+Specify release of new Debian system. Defaults to Debian wheezy. Supported
+relases: lenny, squeeze, wheezy and sid. Usage example: release=sid
mirror=...
Specify mirror which should be used for apt-get/aptitude instead
-of the default one (ftp://ftp.debian.de/debian).
+of the default one (http://http.debian.net/debian).
Usage example: mirror=ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian
password=...
Set password of user root without prompting for it but set it to the given
argument. Usage example: password=AiTh5ahn
-Usage example for automatic installation:
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Usage example for automatic installation
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian password=foobar
-You have to enter this commandline at the bootprompt of grml. Please make sure
-that /dev/sda1 is the partition where you really want to install your new Debian
-system.
+You have to enter this command line at the bootprompt of the Grml live system.
+Please make sure that /dev/sda1 is the partition where you really want to
+install your new Debian system.
[NOTE]
Automatic installation within booting process is done in grml-autoconfig via
setting environment variable AUTOINSTALL and creation of
/usr/bin/grml-debootstrap_noninteractive with the available and relevant
-bootoptions for grml-debootstrap.
+boot options for grml-debootstrap.
Supported Releases
------------------
include::releasetable.txt[]
[NOTE]
-.Etch-Release
+.lenny release
+================================================================================
+[1] Please notice that lenny is an unsupported release within Debian nowadays.
+grml-debootstrap can handle the release but you really should not use lenny
+anymore unless you really know what you are doing. Choose Debian 6.0 (squeeze)
+or Debian 7.0 (wheezy) instead.
+
+Notice that you need to specify a mirror providing the lenny release, the
+default (http://http.debian.net/debian) doesn't provide it any longer nowadays.
+Set the mirror to e.g. http://archive.debian.org/debian/ if you don't have
+your own lenny mirror.
+
+When installing lenny to a new mdraid, grml-debootstrap will use md metadata
+format version 0.90. This limits the device to a maximum size of 2TB, but has
+the advantage of grub-legacy actually being able to boot from it.
+================================================================================
+
+[NOTE]
+.unstable and testing releases
================================================================================
-[1] Please notice that Etch is the current old-stable within Debian.
-grml-debootstrap can handle the release but you really should not use Etch
-anymore unless you really know what you are doing. Choose Lenny instead.
+[2] Please notice that jessie (Debian/testing) and sid (Debian/unstable) might
+not be always installable due to their nature. What _might_ work instead is
+deploying a stable release and upgrade it after installation finished.
================================================================================
Bugs
projects / grml-debootstrap.git / blobdiff