X-Git-Url: https://git.grml.org/?p=grml-debootstrap.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=grml-debootstrap.8.txt;h=4f6fa97dcc7f65f3c9101e3a134acca67e7c7419;hp=dbdc209f1b5a81078e10501ed83ded13e27d8c1a;hb=95f4b7c479cce25127be9d0ccc160d8bf179b37c;hpb=46ad17b8897ab5cf132e348406f2bac7e97acbfc diff --git a/grml-debootstrap.8.txt b/grml-debootstrap.8.txt index dbdc209..4f6fa97 100644 --- a/grml-debootstrap.8.txt +++ b/grml-debootstrap.8.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ grml-debootstrap(8) Name ---- -grml-debootstrap - wrapper around debootstrap for installing plain Debian via grml +grml-debootstrap - wrapper around debootstrap for installing plain Debian Synopsis -------- @@ -14,135 +14,231 @@ image:images/screenshot.png[Screenshot] Introduction ------------ -grml-debootstrap is a wrapper suite around debootstrap -(and cdebootstrap if you want) for installing a plain Debian -system via grml very fast and easy. +grml-debootstrap is a wrapper suite around debootstrap (and cdebootstrap if you +want) for installing a plain Debian system (e.g. via Grml) very fast and easy. -All you have to do is adjust a few variables in configuration file -/etc/debootstrap/config (or specify some variables via commandline) and invoke -grml-debootstrap without any further options then. +All you have to do is adjust a few variables in the configuration file +/etc/debootstrap/config or specify some command line options and invoke +grml-debootstrap. If invoked without any configuration modifications or command +line options a dialog based frontend will be available to control some basic +configuration options. -A plain and base Debian system will be installed on the given -device (or directory) then. Customization of this process is -possible as well. +A plain and base Debian system will be installed on the given device, directory +or virtual image file then. Customization of this process is possible as well. -CAUTION: The grml team does not take responsibility for loss of any data! +CAUTION: The Grml team does not take responsibility for loss of any data! Options and environment variables --------------------------------- -*--bootappend* <_appendline for the kernel_>:: +*--arch* _architecture_:: + + Set target architecture you want to install. Defaults to the architecture + you are currently running. If you're running an amd64 kernel and want to + deploy an i386 system use this option. Note: deploying amd64 from an i386 + kernel does *not* work. Example: "_--arch i386_" + +*--backportrepos*:: + + Enable Debian's Backports repository (http://backports.debian.org/) via the + /etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list configuration file. This provides the + option to install Debian packages from Debian's backports repository. + +*--bootappend* _appendline-for-the-kernel_:: + Specify appendline for the kernel. E.g. "_pci=nomsi_" -*-c*, *--config* <_file_>:: +*-c*, *--config* _file_:: + Use specified configuration file, defaults to /etc/debootstrap/config. -*-d*, *--confdir* <_path_>:: +*--chroot-scripts* _directory_:: + + Execute chroot scripts from specified directory. This allows customisation + of the chroot setup, the executable script(s) present in the given directory + are executed at the end of the chroot procedure. + Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/chroot-scripts/ + +*-d*, *--confdir* _path_:: + Place of configuration files for debootstrap, defaults to /etc/debootstrap. -*--debconf* <_file_>:: +*--debconf* _file_:: + Use specified file for preseeding Debian packages instead of using the default /debconf-selections. -*--debopt* <_params_>:: - Extra parameters passed to the debootstrap. +*--debopt* _params_:: + + Extra parameters passed to the debootstrap command. -*--groot* <_device_>:: - Specify root device for usage in grub (corresponds with $TARGET). - Again, use grub syntax for specifying. - Corresponding with configuration variable GROOT. +*--filesystem* _filesystem_:: -*--grub* <_device_>:: - Where do you want to install grub to? Use grub syntax for specifying. - Do not forget to set groot as well. Leave empty to avoid installation of grub. + Filesystem that should be created when installing to a partition. + If unset defaults to ext4. Valid values are all filesystems that + can be created through mkfs._filesystem_. + +*--force*:: + + Skip user acknowledgement and do not prompt for user input. + +*--grmlrepos*:: + + Enable Grml.org's Debian repository (http://deb.grml.org/) via the + /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list configuration file. This provides the + option to install Debian packages from Grml's repository. + +*--grub* _device_:: + + Device where grub should be installed to. Note that only the MBR (master + boot record) can be used (/dev/sda, /dev/sdb,...). Partitions (like + /dev/sda1, /dev/sdb2,...) are NOT supported because grub2 doesn't support + installation into the PBR (partition boot record) anymore. Usage example: + '--grub /dev/sda'. Note: just do not set this option to avoid installation + of grub. *--help*, *-h*:: + Show summary of options and exit. -*--hostname* <_hostname_>:: +*--hostname* _hostname_:: + Use specified hostname instead of the default (being 'grml'). -*-i*, *--iso* <_/mntpoint_>:: - Specify mountpoint where you have a Debian ISO mounted loopback. +*-i*, *--iso* _/mntpoint_:: + + Specify mount point where you have a Debian ISO mounted loopback. Using this option instead of the mirror option gives you the possibility to install the base-system without network access. Make sure you - mounted the according Debian-ISO to the given <_/mntpoint_>. See section + mounted the according Debian-ISO to the given _/mntpoint_. See section 'Usage examples' for a demonstration. *--keep_src_list*:: + Do not overwrite user provided /etc/apt/sources.list. -*-m*, *--mirror* <_URL_>:: - Specify mirror which should be used for apt-get/aptitude. Notice that - specifying the mirror also sets the chrootmirror to the given value. - Corresponding with configuration variables MIRROR and CHROOTMIRROR. +*-m*, *--mirror* _URL_:: + + Specify mirror which should be used for apt-get/aptitude. + Corresponding with configuration variable MIRROR. *--nodebootstrap*:: + Skip debootstrap, only do configuration to the target. -*-p*, *--mntpoint* <_/mntpoint_>:: - Specify mountpoint that should be used for mounting the target system. +*--nopackages*:: + + Skip installation of packages defined in /etc/debootstrap/packages. + +*--nopassword*:: + + Do not prompt for the root password. Note: Use the '--password' option if + you want to set the root password during an automatic installation but don't + want to use the interactive dialog. + +*-p*, *--mntpoint* _/mntpoint_:: + + Specify mount point that should be used for mounting the target system. Corresponding with configuration variable MNTPOINT. + Note: this option has no effect if option -t is given and represents a + directory. + +*--packages* _file_:: -*--packages* [<_file_>]:: Use specified file as list for packages that should be installed instead of - the default package list file /packages. If no file parameter is given - it activates the default package list file /packages. + the default package list file /packages. + +*--password* _password_:: -*--password* <_password_>:: Use specified password as password for user root. Use with caution, as your - commandline might be visible in the process list and the shell history. + command line might be visible in the process list and the shell history. It's meant for automatic installation only. -*-r*, *--release* <_releasename_>:: - Specify release of new Debian system. Supported releases: sarge, etch, lenny and sid. +*-r*, *--release* _releasename_:: + + Specify release of new Debian system. Supported releases names: lenny, + squeeze, wheezy (note: requires current version of debootstrap) and sid. Corresponding with configuration variable RELEASE. -*-t*, *--target* <_target_>:: +*--pre-scripts* _directory_:: + + Execute scripts from specified directory before executing the chroot + script. This allows customisation of the system before the chroot has + been set up. The environment variable $MNTPOINT is available inside the + scripts for direct access of the chroot. + Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/pre-scripts/ + +*--scripts* _directory_:: + + Execute scripts from specified directory. This allows customisation of + the system after the chroot has been set up. The environment variable + $MNTPOINT is available inside the scripts for direct access of the chroot. + Default directory: /etc/debootstrap/scripts/ + +*-t*, *--target* _target_:: Target partition (/dev/...) or directory (anything else without /dev at the - beginning). To install grub using *--grub* and *--groot*, make sure to - use a _device_ instead of a directory as _target_ (installation of - grub as bootloader when using directories isn't supported yet). + beginning). To install grub using *--grub* make sure to use a _device_ + instead of a directory as _target_ (installation of grub as bootloader when + using directories is NOT supported). *-v*, *--verbose*:: Increase verbosity. +*--vmfile*:: + Set up a Virtual Machine instead of installing to a partition or directory. + This allows deployment of a Virtual Machine. The options needs to be + combined with the --target option. + Usage example: --vmfile --target /mnt/sda1/qemu.img + +*--vmsize* _size_:: + Use specified size for size of Virtual Machine disk file. If not specified it + defaults to 2G (being 2GB). Syntax as supported by qemu-img (see manpage + qemu-img(1) for details. + Usage example: --vmsize 3G + *-V*, *--version*:: Show version of program and exit. -WARNING: the commandline parsing of grml-debootstrap does not validate the provided -arguments for the commandline options. Please be careful and check docs and +WARNING: the command line parsing of grml-debootstrap does not validate the provided +arguments for the command line options. Please be careful and check docs and /etc/debootstrap/config for further information. Usage examples --------------- - grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub hd0 --groot hd0,0 + grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda -Install default Debian release (stable/etch) on /dev/sda1 and install bootmanager +Install default Debian release (wheezy) on /dev/sda1 and install bootmanager Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda1 as system partition. - grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda6 --grub hd0 --groot hd0,5 --release sid + grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda6 --grub /dev/sda --release sid -Install Debian unstable/sid on /dev/sda6, install bootmanager -Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda6 as system partition. +Install Debian unstable/sid on /dev/sda6, install bootmanager Grub in MBR +(master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda6 as system partition. + mount /dev/sda1 /data/chroot grml-debootstrap --target /data/chroot -Install default Debian release (stable/etch) in directory /data/chroot (without +Install default Debian release (wheezy) in directory /data/chroot (without any bootloader). - grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda3 --grub hd0 --groot hd0,2 --mirror ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian + grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda3 --grub /dev/sda --mirror ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian + +Install default debian release (wheezy) in a Virtual Machine file with +3GB disk size (including Grub as bootmanager in MBR of the virtual disk file): -Install default Debian release (stable/etch) on /dev/sda3 and install bootmanager + mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1 + grml-debootstrap --vmfile --vmsize 3G --target /mnt/sda1/qemu.img + +Install default Debian release (wheezy) on /dev/sda3 and install bootmanager Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda3 as system partition. Use specified mirror instead of the default (ftp://ftp.debian.de/debian) one. - mount -o loop /mnt/sda6/debian-40r0-i386-CD-1.iso /mnt/iso - grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub hd0 --groot hd0,0 --iso file:/mnt/iso/debian/ + mount -o loop /mnt/sda6/debian-CD-1.iso /mnt/iso + grml-debootstrap --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda --iso file:/mnt/iso/debian/ -Install Debian stable/etch on /dev/sda1 using the loopback mounted Debian-ISO +Install Debian on /dev/sda1 using the loopback mounted Debian-ISO for the base-system and install bootmanager Grub in MBR (master boot record) of /dev/sda and use /dev/sda1 as system partition. Please notice, that the chroot system requires network access for all packages which are not part of the @@ -154,7 +250,8 @@ Files /etc/debootstrap/config Main configuration file. You have to adjust it according to your needs -before you are able to run grml-debootstrap. +if you want to execute grml-debootstrap in the non-interactive mode without +any special command line arguments. /etc/debootstrap/chroot-script @@ -170,10 +267,10 @@ Defines the default locales used for generating locales via locale-gen. Defines the software packages which should be installed in the new Debian system by default. - /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages + /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages/ -Debian Packages dropped here will be installed into the new Debian system by -default (Controlvariable: EXTRAPACKAGES) +Debian Packages dropped in this directory will be installed into the new Debian +system by default (Control variable: EXTRAPACKAGES) /etc/debootstrap/stages/ @@ -191,13 +288,13 @@ Customization You can control execution of grml-debootstrap via adjusting /etc/debootstrap/config for some main stuff or via setting some selected -variables via commandline. The packages which should be installed in the new +variables via command line. The packages which should be installed in the new Debian system can be defined via the file /etc/debootstrap/packages. If you want to put existing files to the new Debian system you can place them into the (by default non-existing) directories boot, etc, share, usr and var in /etc/debootstrap/. Every existing directory will be copied to the new Debian system then. If you want to install additional packages that are not available -via the grml or debian mirror drop them into /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages and +via the Grml or Debian mirror drop them into /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages and make sure that EXTRAPACKAGES is set to "yes". Automatic installation @@ -206,10 +303,10 @@ Automatic installation If environment variable AUTOINSTALL is set grml-debootstrap can be executed in a full automatic mode. While this mode isn't really useful for interactive execution (just configure /etc/debootstrap/configure or specify the relevant -variables on the commandline instead) it is meant for use via bootoption -debian2hd. The bootoption debian2hd (more precise: the kernelname on bootprompt) -supports the following bootoptions (they correspond with the commandline options -mentioned above): +variables on the command line instead) it is meant for use via boot option +debian2hd on the Grml live system. The boot option debian2hd (more precise: the +kernelname at the bootprompt) supports the following boot options (they +correspond with the command line options mentioned above): target=... @@ -218,23 +315,17 @@ target=/dev/sda1 grub=... -Where do you want to install grub to? Use grub syntax for specifying. -Usage example: grub=hd0 - - groot=... - -Specify root device for usage in grub (corresponds with $TARGET). -Again, use grub syntax for specifying. Usage example: groot=hd0,0 +Where do you want to install grub to? Usage example: grub=/dev/sda release=... -Specify release of new Debian system. Defaults to Debian stable. -Supported relases: sarge, etch, lenny and sid. Usage example: release=sid +Specify release of new Debian system. Defaults to Debian wheezy. Supported +relases: lenny, squeeze, wheezy and sid. Usage example: release=sid mirror=... Specify mirror which should be used for apt-get/aptitude instead -of the default one (ftp://ftp.debian.de/debian). +of the default one (http://http.debian.net/debian). Usage example: mirror=ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian password=... @@ -245,17 +336,17 @@ argument. Usage example: password=AiTh5ahn Usage example for automatic installation: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=hd0 groot=hd0,0 mirror=ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian password=foobar + debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=ftp://ftp.tugraz.at/mirror/debian password=foobar -You have to enter this commandline at the bootprompt of grml. Please make sure -that /dev/sda1 is the partition where you really want to install your new Debian -system. +You have to enter this command line at the bootprompt of the Grml live system. +Please make sure that /dev/sda1 is the partition where you really want to +install your new Debian system. [NOTE] Automatic installation within booting process is done in grml-autoconfig via setting environment variable AUTOINSTALL and creation of /usr/bin/grml-debootstrap_noninteractive with the available and relevant -bootoptions for grml-debootstrap. +boot options for grml-debootstrap. Supported Releases ------------------ @@ -263,13 +354,30 @@ Supported Releases include::releasetable.txt[] [NOTE] -.Sarge-Release -===================================================================== -[1] Please notice that Sarge is the current old-stable within Debian. -grml-debootstrap can handle the release but you really should not -use Sarge anymore unless you really know what you are doing. Choose -Etch or Lenny instead. -===================================================================== +.lenny release +================================================================================ +[1] Please notice that lenny is the current old-stable release within Debian. +grml-debootstrap can handle the release but you really should not use lenny +anymore unless you really know what you are doing. Choose Debian 6.0 (squeeze) +or Debian 7.0 (wheezy) instead. + +Notice that you need to specify a mirror providing the lenny release, the +default (http://http.debian.net/debian) doesn't provide it any longer nowadays. +Set the mirror to e.g. http://archive.debian.org/debian/ if you don't have +your own lenny mirror. + +When installing lenny to a new mdraid, grml-debootstrap will use md metadata +format version 0.90. This limits the device to a maximum size of 2TB, but has +the advantage of grub-legacy actually being able to boot from it. +================================================================================ + +[NOTE] +.sid release +================================================================================ +[2] Please notice that sid is Debian/unstable and due to its nature might not be +always installable. What _might_ work instead is deploying a stable or testing +release and upgrade it after installation finished. +================================================================================ Bugs ----