CHEATCODES AND HINTS FOR GRML
==============================================================================
-These options work from the (isolinux/grub) bootprompt of Grml based (live) systems.
+Isolinux bootprompt options:
+----------------------------
-The following kernel options are available (do NOT use them as 'grml $OPTION',
-use them as '$OPTION'!):
+These options work from the isolinux bootprompt of Grml based (live) systems.
+(Do NOT use them as 'grml $OPTION', use them as '$OPTION'!):
grml Use default settings (same as just pressing return)
grml2ram Copy Grml's squashfs file to RAM and
floppy Boot from floppydisk
hd / hd1 / hd2 / hd3 Boot from (local) primary / secondary /... harddisk
debug Get shells during process of booting for debugging
-bootchart Create chart of booting sequence in /var/log/bootchart.tgz
forensic Do not touch any harddisks during hardware recognition
serial Activate ttyS0 and start a getty
grub Boot Grub bootloader (special all-in-one-image)
dos Boot FreeDOS
-bsd Boot MirOS BSD
hdt Boot Hardware Detection Tool (from syslinux project)
Further documentation regarding the boot process can be found at:
* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-initramfs-grml.git;a=blob_plain;f=manpages/live-initramfs.en.7.txt;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-boot-grml.git;a=blob;f=manpages/en/live-boot.7;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.debian.org/?p=kernel/initramfs-tools.git;a=blob_plain;f=initramfs-tools.8;hb=HEAD
-* http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+* https://manpages.debian.org/live-boot-doc/live-boot.7.en.html
+* https://manpages.debian.org/initramfs-tools-core/initramfs-tools.7.en.html
+* https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html
The following boot options can be combined.
Notice: not all of them are available on all the Grml flavours.
------------------
grml lang=at|de|cn|da|es|fr|it Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
grml lang=nl|pl|ru|sk|tr|tw|us Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
-grml lang=$LANG-iso Activate $LANG (use like in lines above) with iso-mode instead of utf8
-grml gmt Use GMT-based time (UTC=yes)
-grml utc Use Coordinated Universal Time (UTC=yes)
-grml localtime Use local time (UTC=no)
-grml tz=Europe/Vienna Use specified timezone for TZ
-grml keyboard=us xkeyboard=us Use different keyboard layout (text-console/X)
+grml utc Hardware Clock is set to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
+grml localtime Hardware Clock is set to local time (LOCAL), this is the default
+grml tz=Europe/Vienna Use specified timezone for TZ, defaults to TZ=UTC
+grml keyboard=us Use different keyboard layout
Configuration settings:
-----------------------
use via "grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1"
grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1 Use the squashfs file from directory 'live' of the specified device
Setup can be done booting 'grml tohd=/dev/sda1' or
- running 'rsync -a --progress /lib/live/mount/medium/live /media/sda1/'
+ running 'rsync -a --progress /run/live/medium/live /media/sda1/'
grml bootfrom=removable Restrict search for the live media to removable type only.
grml bootfrom=removable-usb Restrict search for the live media to usb mass storage only.
-grml isofrom=/dev/sda1/grml.iso Use specified ISO image for booting
- Useful when booting as a rescue system from harddisk - just boot
- the according grml kernel and initrd using the bootoptions
- "boot=live isofrom=/dev/sda1/grml.iso"
+grml isofrom=[fs:][/device]/grml.iso Use specified ISO image for booting.
+ Useful when booting as a rescue system from a different device.
+ If you want to load the image from a device different from the root device
+ specified through the bootloader, prefix its device path to the path, like
+ in "/dev/sda1/grml.iso".
+ Internally, the initrd will mount the given device, automatically detecting
+ the file system.
+ If needed, prefix the file system separated with a colon character to
+ override the automatic detection, like in "reiserfs:/dev/sda1/grml.iso".
+ As an example, boot the according grml kernel and initrd using the
+ bootoptions "boot=live isofrom=btrfs:/dev/vda40/path/to/grml.iso"
Notice: "fromiso" does the same as "isofrom", it's just there
to prevent any typing errors
grml findiso=/grml_2010.12.iso Look for the specified ISO file on all disks where it usually
By default, it is set to /live/$GRML_FLAVOUR/ (where $GRML_FLAVOUR
is corresponding to grml64-full, grml32-full, grml64-small,...
[Note: this option is mandatory since release 2011.12]
-grml nostats Don't send any information to the Grml project at startup.
- Parameters sent are Grml version, if the cpu supports 64bit,
- anonymized boot parameters and boot source (remote or local).
- [Note: only available since release 2011.12]
grml module=grml Instead of using the default "$name.module" another file can
be specified without the extension ".module"; it should be placed
on "/live" directory of the live medium
display shell code being executed in initramfs.
grml debug=noscreen Get shells during process of booting, verbose, but without using GNU screen
grml nocolor Disable colorized output while booting
+ Also set SYSTEMD_COLORS=0 to disable colors in systemd output
grml log Log error messages while booting to /tmp/grml.log.`date +%Y%m%d`"
and /var/log/boot
grml testcd Check CD data integrity and md5sums
grml welcome Welcome message via soundoutput
grml noeject Do NOT eject CD after halt/reboot
grml noprompt Do NOT prompt to remove the CD when halting/rebooting the system
-grml distcc=$NETWORK,$INTERFACE Activate distcc-daemon to listen on specified network
- and interface, usage example:
- distcc=192.168.0.1/24,eth0
-grml gcc=3.4 gpp=3.4 Link /usr/bin/gcc, /usr/bin/cpp and /usr/bin/c++ to specified version
grml startx{=windowmanager} Start X window system automatically
Default window manager (if not provided): wm-ng (wrapper around fluxbox)
grml nostartx If using startx as default bootoption the nostartx *disables* automatic
initiated from the VNC server instead of the VNC client. Has to be
combined with the vnc bootoption.
[Note: Grml 2011.12+ doesn't include a VNC client.]
+grml getfile.retries=$NUM Retry the download of the files specified in the netconfig=... +
+ netscript=... options up to $NUM times
+
Accessibility related settings:
-------------------------------
grml xmodule=ati|fbdev|i810|mga Use specified X.org-Module (1)
grml xmodule=nv|radeon|savage|s3 Use specified X.org-Module (2)
grml xmodule=radeon|svga|i810 Use specified X.org-Module (3)
-grml no{acpi,agp,cpu,dhcp} Skip parts of HW-detection (1)
-grml no{dma,fstab,modem} Skip parts of HW-detection (2)
-grml no{pcmcia,scsi,swap,usb} Skip parts of HW-detection (3)
+grml no{acpi,cpu,dhcp,fstab,swap} Skip parts of HW-detection
grml blacklist=modulename[,module2] Completely disable loading of specified module(s) via
blacklisting through udev's /etc/modprobe.d/grml
-grml fwtimeout=50 Set firmware timeout via /sys/class/firmware/timeout to specified value
grml nosound Mute sound devices (notice: this does not deactivate loading of sound drivers!)
grml vol=number Set mixer volumes to level $number
grml micvol=number Set mixer volume of microphone to level $number (default: 0)
-grml pnpbios=off No PnP Bios initialization
grml acpi=off Disable ACPI Bios completely
-grml nofirewire Disable initialization of firewire devices in booting sequence
grml pci=irqmask=0x0e98 Try this, if PS/2 mouse doesn't work *)
grml pci=bios Workaround for bad PCI controllers
-grml ide2=0x180 nopcmcia Boot from PCMCIA-CD-ROM (some notebooks)
-grml mem=128M Specify Memory size in MByte
grml libata.force=[ID:]VAL Force configurations for libata.
Usage example: grml libata.force=1:pio4
to force pio4 mode on device "ata1:00:"
grml radeon.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Radeon driver.
grml i915.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Intel driver.
grml nouveau.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Nouveau driver.
+grml cirrus.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Cirrus driver.
+grml mgag200.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for MGAG200 driver.
Installation related settings:
------------------------------
target= target partition/directory of the new Debian system, e.g.: target=/dev/sda1
grub= where to install grub to, e.g.: grub=/dev/sda
release= specify release of new Debian system (default is stable), e.g.: release=sid
- mirror= specify mirror for apt-get/aptitude, e,g.: mirror=http://http.debian.net/debian
+ mirror= specify mirror for apt-get/aptitude, e,g.: mirror=http://ftp.debian.org/debian
password= set passwort of user root without prompting for it, e.g.: password=AiTh5ahn
Usage example for automatic installation:
- debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=http://http.debian.net/debian password=foobar
+ debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=http://ftp.debian.org/debian password=foobar
See http://grml.org/grml-debootstrap/ for more information.
grml noagp noapic acpi=off nodma
to skip some critical parts of the autodetection system.
-*) Some boards (especially those with E-ISA slots) apparently don't pass
-the proper memory size to the linux-kernel. It may cause the message
-"Panic: cannot mount root file system" and the system hangs. Use "grml
-mem=128M" to solve that problem if your system has 128MByte memory for
-example (caution: you MUST use a capital "M" here).
-
*) The "myconfig=/dev/partition" option allows you to reconfigure the
system after autoconfiguration by running a bourne shell script called
"grml.sh" and/or extracting configuration files from a file named
directory live, containing the squashfs compressed filesystem file,
must be located in the top level directory of the CD.
-*) Caution: screensavers: Don't start vlock or any other screensaver
+*) Caution: screensavers: Don't start physlock or any other screensaver
that requires a password manually. There are no default passwords on
the live system - all accounts are LOCKED by default for security reasons.
Instead just invoke the script grml-lock which prompts for setting a
projects / grml-live.git / blobdiff