CHEATCODES AND HINTS FOR GRML
==============================================================================
-These options work from the (isolinux/grub) bootprompt of Grml based (live) systems.
+Isolinux bootprompt options:
+----------------------------
-The following kernel options are available (do NOT use them as 'grml $OPTION',
-use them as '$OPTION'!):
+These options work from the isolinux bootprompt of Grml based (live) systems.
+(Do NOT use them as 'grml $OPTION', use them as '$OPTION'!):
grml Use default settings (same as just pressing return)
grml2ram Copy Grml's squashfs file to RAM and
floppy Boot from floppydisk
hd / hd1 / hd2 / hd3 Boot from (local) primary / secondary /... harddisk
debug Get shells during process of booting for debugging
-bootchart Create chart of booting sequence in /var/log/bootchart.tgz
forensic Do not touch any harddisks during hardware recognition
serial Activate ttyS0 and start a getty
grub Boot Grub bootloader (special all-in-one-image)
dos Boot FreeDOS
-bsd Boot MirOS BSD
hdt Boot Hardware Detection Tool (from syslinux project)
Further documentation regarding the boot process can be found at:
* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-initramfs-grml.git;a=blob_plain;f=manpages/live-initramfs.en.7.txt;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.grml.org/?p=live-boot-grml.git;a=blob;f=manpages/en/live-boot.7;hb=HEAD
-* http://git.debian.org/?p=kernel/initramfs-tools.git;a=blob_plain;f=initramfs-tools.8;hb=HEAD
-* http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+* https://manpages.debian.org/live-boot-doc/live-boot.7.en.html
+* https://manpages.debian.org/initramfs-tools-core/initramfs-tools.8.en.html
+* https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html
The following boot options can be combined.
Notice: not all of them are available on all the Grml flavours.
------------------
grml lang=at|de|cn|da|es|fr|it Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
grml lang=nl|pl|ru|sk|tr|tw|us Specify language ($LANG, $LC_ALL, $LANGUAGE - utf8) + keyboard
-grml lang=$LANG-iso Activate $LANG (use like in lines above) with iso-mode instead of utf8
-grml gmt Use GMT-based time (UTC=yes)
-grml utc Use Coordinated Universal Time (UTC=yes)
-grml localtime Use local time (UTC=no)
-grml tz=Europe/Vienna Use specified timezone for TZ
-grml keyboard=us xkeyboard=us Use different keyboard layout (text-console/X)
+grml utc Hardware Clock is set to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
+grml localtime Hardware Clock is set to local time (LOCAL), this is the default
+grml tz=Europe/Vienna Use specified timezone for TZ, defaults to TZ=UTC
+grml keyboard=us Use different keyboard layout
Configuration settings:
-----------------------
instead of the default one (config.tbz)
grml extract=/etc Extract only /etc from configuration archive,
use it in combination with myconfig or netconfig
-grml persistent=nofiles Enable persistency feature, more details available at
+grml persistence Enable persistency feature, more details available at
http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=persistency
- Notice that the "=nofiles" argument is optional, though recommended
- as default setting.
grml hostname=... Set hostname to given argument
grml hostname Set a random hostname
[Note: only available with releases newer than 2010.04]
use via "grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1"
grml bootfrom=/dev/sda1 Use the squashfs file from directory 'live' of the specified device
Setup can be done booting 'grml tohd=/dev/sda1' or
- running 'rsync -a --progress /live/image/live /media/sda1/'
+ running 'rsync -a --progress /lib/live/mount/medium/live /media/sda1/'
grml bootfrom=removable Restrict search for the live media to removable type only.
grml bootfrom=removable-usb Restrict search for the live media to usb mass storage only.
grml isofrom=/dev/sda1/grml.iso Use specified ISO image for booting
as in isofrom=....).
grml fetch=$IP/filename.squashfs Download a squashfs image from a given url, copying to ram and booting it.
[Note: releases before 2011.05 didn't support DNS but IP only.]
-grml live-media-path=live Sets the path to the live filesystem on the medium
- By default, it is set to /live
-grml nostats Don't send any information to the Grml project at startup.
- Parameters sent are Grml version, if the cpu supports 64bit,
- anonymized boot parameters and boot source (remote or local).
- [Note: only available since release 2011.12]
+grml live-media-path=/live/grml... Sets the path to the live filesystem on the medium
+ By default, it is set to /live/$GRML_FLAVOUR/ (where $GRML_FLAVOUR
+ is corresponding to grml64-full, grml32-full, grml64-small,...
+ [Note: this option is mandatory since release 2011.12]
grml module=grml Instead of using the default "$name.module" another file can
be specified without the extension ".module"; it should be placed
on "/live" directory of the live medium
display shell code being executed in initramfs.
grml debug=noscreen Get shells during process of booting, verbose, but without using GNU screen
grml nocolor Disable colorized output while booting
+ Also set SYSTEMD_COLORS=0 to disable colors in systemd output
grml log Log error messages while booting to /tmp/grml.log.`date +%Y%m%d`"
and /var/log/boot
grml testcd Check CD data integrity and md5sums
+Security / login related settings:
+----------------------------------
+
+grml ssh=password Set password for root & grml user and start ssh-server
+grml passwd=... Set password for root & grml user
+grml encpasswd=.... Set specified hash as password for root & grml user, use e.g.
+ 'mkpasswd -H md5' to generate such a hash (available in Grml >=2013.09)
+
Service related settings:
-------------------------
-grml ssh=password Set password for user grml and start ssh-server
grml startup=script Start $script instead of grml-quickconfig on startup
grml nosyslog Do not start syslog daemon
grml nogpm Disable GPM daemon
[Note: Grml 2011.12+ doesn't include a VNC client.]
Accessibility related settings:
---------------------------------
+-------------------------------
grml brltty=type,port,table Parameters for Braille device (e.g.: brltty=al,/dev/ttyS0,text.de.tbl)
See http://mielke.cc/brltty/guidelines.html for documentation.
grml dmraid=off Actively try to stop any present dmraid devices.
grml nolvm Disable scanning for Logical Volumes (LVM)
grml lvm Automatically activate Logival Volumes (LVM) during boot
-grml readonly Make sure all harddisk devices (/dev/hd* /dev/sd*) are forced to read-only mode
+grml read-only Make sure all harddisk devices (/dev/hd* /dev/sd*) are forced to read-only mode
grml ethdevice=... Use specified network device for network boot instead of default (eth0)
+grml ethdevice-timeout=... Use specified network configuration timeout instead of default (15sec)
grml xmodule=ati|fbdev|i810|mga Use specified X.org-Module (1)
grml xmodule=nv|radeon|savage|s3 Use specified X.org-Module (2)
grml xmodule=radeon|svga|i810 Use specified X.org-Module (3)
grml radeon.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Radeon driver.
grml i915.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Intel driver.
grml nouveau.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Nouveau driver.
+grml cirrus.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for Cirrus driver.
+grml mgag200.modeset=0 nomodeset Disable Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) for MGAG200 driver.
Installation related settings:
------------------------------
target= target partition/directory of the new Debian system, e.g.: target=/dev/sda1
grub= where to install grub to, e.g.: grub=/dev/sda
release= specify release of new Debian system (default is stable), e.g.: release=sid
- mirror= specify mirror for apt-get/aptitude, e,g.: mirror=http://cdn.debian.net/debian
+ mirror= specify mirror for apt-get/aptitude, e,g.: mirror=http://ftp.debian.org/debian
password= set passwort of user root without prompting for it, e.g.: password=AiTh5ahn
Usage example for automatic installation:
- debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=http://cdn.debian.net/debian password=foobar
+ debian2hd target=/dev/sda1 grub=/dev/sda mirror=http://ftp.debian.org/debian password=foobar
See http://grml.org/grml-debootstrap/ for more information.
directory live, containing the squashfs compressed filesystem file,
must be located in the top level directory of the CD.
-*) Caution: screensavers: Don't start vlock or any other screensaver
+*) Caution: screensavers: Don't start physlock or any other screensaver
that requires a password manually. There are no default passwords on
the live system - all accounts are LOCKED by default for security reasons.
Instead just invoke the script grml-lock which prompts for setting a
projects / grml-live.git / blobdiff