X-Git-Url: https://git.grml.org/?p=grml2usb.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=grml2usb.8.txt;h=0d2bebb74b9aef1b3fdcf9044b69bbfbee96f3c0;hp=9696f24013832ba160f4b03a07b2a6fa4128f0b0;hb=c479a12bb87189225531e3fd9067f8a13d06e0ed;hpb=5d3c18e7f0533bc44ceb3021f8e40707e70ed8b1 diff --git a/grml2usb.8.txt b/grml2usb.8.txt index 9696f24..0d2bebb 100644 --- a/grml2usb.8.txt +++ b/grml2usb.8.txt @@ -27,9 +27,13 @@ just pressing enter on the bootprompt or wait until the boot timeout matches). [IMPORTANT] By default a compatible master boot record (MBR) is installed on the device (being for example /dev/sdX when executing 'grml2usb grml.iso /dev/sdX1') and -grub is being used as default bootloader. Avoid installation of the default MBR -using the '--skip-mbr' option or if you encounter any problems with the default -MBR consider using '--syslinux-mbr' instead. +syslinux is being used as default bootloader. Avoid installation of the default +MBR using the '--skip-mbr' option or if you encounter any problems with the +default MBR consider using '--syslinux-mbr' instead. + +[NOTE] +Whereas grml2usb is the script to install recent grml ISOs (>=2009.10) the +script grml2usb-compat supports older grml releases (<2009.10) as well. [[options]] Options @@ -47,7 +51,9 @@ The following options are supported: *\--bootoptions=...*:: -Use specified bootoptions as default. +Use specified bootoptions as default. To use flavour name as a argument for a +boot parameter use %flavour which will be expanded to the flavour name. To add +multiple bootoptions you can specify the option multiple time. *\--bootloader-only*:: @@ -74,12 +80,15 @@ Format specified partition with FAT16. Force any (possible dangerous) actions requiring manual interaction (like --fat16). + *\--grub*:: + +Install grub bootloader instead of (default) syslinux. + *\--grub-mbr*:: Install grub into MBR (Master Boot Record) instead of PBR (Partition Boot -Record). This option sadly had to be introduced because grub2 can not be -installed to partitions (PBR) instead of MBR anymore. Check out <> for further details. +Record). Check out <> for further details. *\--help*:: @@ -130,7 +139,8 @@ Do not install /boot/addons/ files (like dos, grub, memdisk,...). *\--remove-bootoption=...*:: Remove specified bootoption (could be a regex) from existing boot options. Use -multiple entries for removing different bootoptions at once. +multiple entries for removing different bootoptions at once. (Note: this option +is not support in grml2usb-compat.) *\--skip-grub-config*:: @@ -284,14 +294,14 @@ or: Finally create a filesystem and execute grml2usb as needed: # mkfs.vfat /dev/loop1 - # grml2usb --bootloader-only /grml/isos/grml-small_2009.05.iso /dev/loop1 + # grml2usb --bootloader-only /grml/isos/grml-small_2009.10.iso /dev/loop1 [[performance-tracing]] Performance tracing ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # blktrace -d /dev/sdX -o - | blkparse -i - - # grml2usb grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 [[troubleshooting]] Troubleshooting and Pitfalls when booting @@ -318,6 +328,19 @@ kernel loads but you very soon get the error message. *Reason*:: the partition layout is not ok. Very probably there's no primary partition (/dev/sdX{1..4}) or none has the flag 'bootable' set. +*Error message*:: Boot error. + +*Reason*:: Some BIOSses offer different modes for USB booting. The proper mode +to boot a USB stick is USB-HDD. If that doesn’t work or is not supported by your +system, you need to format your USB-Stick as USB-ZIP. To do this, syslinux +contains an utility called mkdiskimage, which you can use to re-format your USB +stick in USB-ZIP format running 'mkdiskimage -4 /dev/sdX 1 64 32'. Please be +aware that this procedure will erase all data on your stick. After executing +mkdiskimage just continue installing as usual (grml2usb ... /dev/sdX4). Note +that this is not going to work for any device larger than 8 GB, since +mkdiskimage only supports 1024c 256h 63s. For a more detailed explanation, refer +to /usr/share/doc/syslinux-common/usbkey.txt. + *Error message*:: No operating system found. *Reason*:: you forgot to set the boot-flag on the partition. Or there really isn't @@ -395,7 +418,7 @@ Grab a recent grml ISO and use link:http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/Doc/isolinux#HYBRID_CD-ROM.2FHARD_DISK_MODE[isohybrid from the syslinux project]: - % isohybrid grml_2009.05.iso + % isohybrid grml_2009.10.iso /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// This allows you to dd the Grml ISO to your USB device (use for example @@ -439,10 +462,8 @@ recent version of grml2usb then you might notice: Fatal: a critical error happend during execution (not a grml ISO?), giving up Breaking the backward compatibility was necessary to avoid maintainability hell. -If you want to install older grml ISOs please grab the grml2usb-compat Debian -package which provides support for older releases or the -link:http://grml.org/grml2usb/grml2usb-compat.tgz[grml2usb-compat tarball] -(link:http://grml.org/grml2usb/grml2usb-compat.tgz.md5.asc[gpg signature/md5]). +If you want to install older grml ISOs please use the grml2usb-compat script +which provides support for older releases. [[menu-lst]] Why is there a menu.lst and a grub.cfg inside /boot/grub/? @@ -522,19 +543,14 @@ The following message: grub-setup: warn: Embedding is not possible. GRUB can only be installed in this setup by using blocklists. However, blocklists are UNRELIABLE and its use is discouraged. grub-setup: error: Cannot read `/grub/core.img' correctly -appears because recent grub2 versions sadly introduced a regression which avoids -that grub is being installed into a partition (PBR, Partition Boot Record) -instead of MBR (Master Boot Record). - -To work around this issue you can install grub into the MBR (Master Boot Record) -using the '--grub-mbr' option of grml2usb or switch to syslinux as bootmanager -(just drop the '--grub' option). +appears when using grub2 versions older than 1.98 as those version introduced a +regression which avoids that grub is being installed into a partition (PBR, +Partition Boot Record) instead of MBR (Master Boot Record). -To fix this issue manually you can also execute (adjust '/dev/sdX' to your -device of course): - - mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/test - grub-install --force --recheck --no-floppy --root-directory=/mnt/test /dev/sdX +To work around this issue you can either 1) upgrade to grub versions >=1.98, 2) +install grub into the MBR (Master Boot Record) using the '--grub-mbr' option of +grml2usb or 3) switch to syslinux as bootmanager (just drop the '--grub' +option). [[splash-xpm]] I'm getting something like "Error: /usr/share/grml2usb/grub/splash.xpm.gz can not be read"!? @@ -558,6 +574,14 @@ use the bootloader grub instead using grml2usb's '--grub' option. [NOTE] FAT32 is supported since syslinux version 3.0. +[[hdt-hangs]] +Addons -> Hardware Detection Tool freezes +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +This usually means that the machine you ran grml2usb on had syslinux 3.x +installed. The version of hdt (Hardware detection tool) shipping with Grml +2010.12 and newer requires syslinux 4.x. + [[cool-idea]] I think I've got a really cool idea! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -584,62 +608,69 @@ of your grml2usb commandline (consider using the "\--verbose" option). Usage examples -------------- - # grml2usb /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1. - # grml2usb /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /home/grml/grml_small_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /home/grml/grml_small_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISOs on device /dev/sdX1 for multibooting ISOs. -Note: boot "grml" as usual, for booting grml-small use "grml-small on the -bootprompt, for grml64 use "grml64" and so on... The *first* specified ISO is -the one being the default (when just pressing enter or waiting until the timeout -is reached). # grml2usb /live/image /dev/sdX1 Install currently running grml live system on device /dev/sdX1. - # grml2usb /live/image /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb /live/image /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install currently running grml live system and the specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 for multibooting. - # grml2usb --fat16 /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb --fat16 /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 and format partition /dev/sdX1 with FAT16 filesystem. - # grml2usb --grub --grub-mbr /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb --grub --grub-mbr /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 and use grub as bootloader (instead of syslinux being the default) and install a master boot record (MBR) to the MBR of /dev/sdX. + # grml2usb-compat /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + +Install older grml ISO on device /dev/sdX1. + /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// # grml2usb --kernel=/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-grml --initrd=/boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-grml \ - /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 but use given kernel and initrd instead of the ones provided by the ISO. # grml2usb --squashfs=/grml/grml-live/grml_cd/live/grml.squashfs \ - /home/grml/grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + /home/grml/grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 but use given squashfs file instead of the one provided by the ISO. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// - # grml2usb --bootoptions="lang=de ssh=mysecret" grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb --bootoptions="lang=de ssh=mysecret" grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb --bootoptions="lang=de" --bootoptions="ssh=mysecret" grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 and use "lang=de ssh=mysecret" as default bootoptions. - # grml2usb --remove-bootoption="vga=791" --remove-bootoption="quiet" grml_2009.05.iso /dev/sdX1 + # grml2usb --remove-bootoption="vga=791" --remove-bootoption="quiet" grml_2009.10.iso /dev/sdX1 Install specified ISO on device /dev/sdX1 remove vga=791 and quiet from existing bootoptions. + # grml2usb --bootoptions="persistent-path=%flavour_name" grml64_2010.04.iso grml_2010.04.iso /dev/sdX1 + +Install specified Isos on device /dev/sdx and add parameter persisten-path +to every menu entry. %flavour_name will be expanded to the flavour of the specific +iso, e.g. grml64 and grml. + [[ressources]] Online Ressources -----------------