GRMLZSHRC
-Oktober, 2009
+July, 2011
%!target: man
%!postproc(man): "^(\.TH.*) 1 " "\1 5 "
= NAME =
-grmlzshrc - grml's zsh setup
+grmlzshrc - Grml's zsh setup
= SYNOPSIS =
= DESCRIPTION =
-The grml project provides a fairly exhaustive interactive setup (referred to
+The Grml project provides a fairly exhaustive interactive setup (referred to
as //grmlzshrc// throughout this document) for the amazing unix shell zsh
(http://zsh.sourceforge.net). This is the reference manual for that
setup.
//grmlzshrc// behaves differently depending on which user loads it. For the
root user (**EUID** == 0) only a subset of features is loaded by default. This
behaviour can be altered by setting the **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL** STARTUP
-VARIABLE (see below). Also the umask(1) for the root user is set to 022,
-while for regular users it is set to 002. So read/write permissions
-for the regular user and her group are set for new files (keep that
-in mind on systems, where regular users share a common group).
+VARIABLE (see below).
+
+Users may want to keep an up-to-date version of the setup (possibly from the
+git-sources) in //~/.zshrc//. If that happens on a system where the global
+zshrc is also a //grmlzshrc// (but possibly an older one), you can inhibit
+loading the global version by doing:
+\
+```
+echo setopt no_global_rcs >> ~/.zshenv
+```
+
+Note, that this will disable //ANY// global files, except for the global
+zshenv file.
= STARTUP VARIABLES =
Some of the behaviour of //grmlzshrc// can be altered by setting certain shell
be found. The handler is defined by GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER (see below).
: **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL**
-Enables the whole grml setup for root, if set to a non zero value.
+Enables the whole Grml setup for root, if set to a non zero value.
: **GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER**
This variable contains the handler to be used by COMMAND_NOT_FOUND (see above)
Set this to zero to remove items in zsh config, which do not work in
grml-small.
+: **HISTFILE**
+Where zsh saves the history. Default: ${HOME}/.zsh_history.
+
+: **HISTSIZE**
+Number of commands to be kept in the history. On a Grml-CD this defaults to
+500, on a hard disk installation to 5000.
+
: **MAILCHECK**
Sets the frequency in seconds for zsh to check for new mail. Defaults to 30.
A value of zero turns off checking.
Show time (user, system and cpu) used by external commands, if they run longer
than the defined number of seconds (default: 5).
+: **SAVEHIST**
+Number of commands to be stored in ${HISTFILE}. Defaults to 1000 on a Grml-CD
+and to 10000 on an installation on hard disk.
+
+: **watch**
+As in tcsh(1) an array of login/logout events to be reported by the shell
+builtin "log". For details see zshparam(1). Defaults to (notme root).
+
: **ZSH_NO_DEFAULT_LOCALE**
Import "/etc/default/locale", if set to zero (default).
//grmlzshrc// sets some environment variables, which influence the
behaviour of applications.
-: **BROWSER**
-If X is running this is set to "firefox", otherwise to "w3m".
-
: **COLORTERM**
Set to "yes". Some applications read this to learn about properties
of the terminal they are running in.
If not already set, sets the default editor. Falls back to vi(1),
if vim(1) is not available.
+: **LESS_TERMCAP_***
+Some environment variables that add colour support to less(1) for viewing
+man pages. See termcap(5) for details.
+
: **MAIL**
The mailbox file for the current user is set to /var/mail/$USER, if not
already set otherwise.
: **CTRL-x-1**
Jump right after the first word.
+: **CTRL-x-M()**
+Create directory under cursor or the selected area.
+To select an area press ctrl-@ and use the cursor.
+Use case: you type "mv abc ~/testa/testb/testc/" and remember that the
+directory does not exist yet -> press **CTRL-xM** and problem solved.
+
: **CTRL-x-p**
Searches the last occurence of string before the cursor in the command history.
+: **CTRL-x-z**
+Display help on keybindings and zsh line editor. Press consecutively to page through content.
+
: **CTRL-z**
Brings a job, which got suspended with CTRL-z back to foreground.
//grmlzshrc// comes with a wide array of defined shell functions to ease the
user's life.
-: **2html()**
-Converts plaintext files to HTML using vim. The output is written to
-<filename>.html.
-
: **855resolution()**
If 915resolution is available, issues a warning to the user to run it instead
to modify the resolution on intel graphics chipsets.
last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
-: **agoogle()**
-Searches for USENET postings from authors using google groups.
-
: **allulimit()**
Sets all ulimit values to "unlimited".
-: **ansi-colors()**
-Prints a colored table of available ansi color codes (to be used in escape
-sequences) and the colors they represent.
+: **any()**
+Lists processes matching given pattern.
: **aoeu(), asdf(), uiae()**
Pressing the 'asdf' keys toggles between dvorak or neon and us keyboard
layout.
+: **apache2-ssl-certificate()**
+Advices the user how to create self signed certificates.
+
: **asc()**
Login on the host provided as argument using autossh. Then reattach a GNU screen
session if a detached session is around or detach a currently attached screen or
else start a new screen. This is especially useful for roadwarriors using GNU
screen and ssh.
-: **audioburn()**
-Burns the files in ~/ripps (see audiorip() below) to an audio CD.
-Then prompts the user if she wants to remove that directory. You might need
-to tell audioburn which cdrom device to use like:
-"DEVICE=/dev/cdrom audioburn"
-
-: **audiorip()**
-Creates directory ~/ripps, if it does not exist. Then rips audio CD into
-it. Then prompts the user if she wants to burn a audio CD with audioburn()
-(see above). You might need to tell audiorip which cdrom device to use like:
-"DEVICE=/dev/cdrom audioburn"
-
: **bk()**
Simple backup of a file or directory using cp(1). The target file name is the
original name plus a time stamp attached. Symlinks and file attributes like mode,
ownership and timestamps are preserved.
-: **brltty()**
-The brltty(1) program provides a braille display, so a blind person can access
-the console screen. This wrapper function works around problems with some
-environments (f. e. utf8).
-
: **cdrecord()**
If the original cdrecord is not installed, issues a warning to the user to
use the wodim binary instead. Wodim is the debian fork of Joerg Schillings
cdrecord.
+: **cdt()**
+Creates a temporary directory using mktemp. Then changes current
+working directory to it.
+
: **changed()**
Lists files in current directory, which have been changed within the
last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
Changes current directory to the one supplied by argument and lists the files
in it, including file names starting with ".".
-: **d()**
-Presents a numbered listing of the directory stack. Then changes current
-working directory to the one chosen by the user.
-
-: **debbug()**
-Searches the Debian bug tracking system (bugs.debian.org) for Bug numbers,
-email addresses of submitters or any string given on the command line.
-
-: **debbugm()**
-Shows bug report for debian given by number in mailbox format.
+: **dchange()**
+Shows the changelog of given package in $PAGER.
: **debian2hd()**
Tells the user to use grml-debootstrap, if she wants to install debian to
harddisk.
-: **dirspace()**
-Shows the disk usage of the directories given in human readable format;
-defaults to $path.
+: **deswap()**
+A trick from $LINUX-KERNELSOURCE/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt. It brings
+back interactive responsiveness after suspend, when the system is swapping
+heavily.
-: **disassemble()**
-Translates C source code to assembly and ouputs both.
+: **dnews()**
+Shows the NEWS file for the given package in $PAGER.
: **doc()**
Takes packagename as argument. Sets current working directory to
/usr/share/doc/<packagename> and prints out a directory listing.
-: **exirename()**
-Renames image files based on date/time informations in their exif headers.
-: **fir()**
-Opens given URL with Firefox (Iceweasel on Debian). If there is already an
-instance of firefox running, attaches to the first window found and opens the
-URL in a new tab (this even works across an ssh session).
+: **edalias()**
+Edit given alias.
-: **fluxkey-change()**
-Switches the key combinations for changing current workspace under fluxbox(1)
-from Alt-[0-9] to Alt-F[0-9] and vice versa by rewriting $HOME/.fluxbox/keys.
-Requires the window manager to reread configuration to take effect.
+: **edfunc()**
+Edit given shell function.
-: **genthumbs()**
-A simple thumbnails generator. Resizes images (i. e. files that end in ".jpg",
-".jpeg", ".gif" or ".png") to 100x200. Output files are named "thumb-<original
-filename>". Creates an index.html with title "Images" showing the
-thumbnails as clickable links to the respective original file.
-//Warning:// On start genthumbs() silently removes a possibly existing "index.html"
-and all files and/or directories beginning with "thumb-" in current directory!
+: **freload()**
+Reloads an autoloadable shell function (See autoload in zshbuiltins(1)).
-: **getair()**
-Tries to download, unpack and run AIR (imaging software) version 1.2.8.
-
-: **getgizmo()**
-Tries to download and install Gizmo (VoIP software) for Debian.
-
-: **getskype()**
-Tries to download and install Skype (VoIP software) for Debian.
-
-: **getskypebeta()**
-Downloads and installs newer version of Skype.
-
-: **getxlite()**
-Tries to download and unpack X-lite (VoIP software) from counterpath.com into
-~/tmp.
-
-: **git-get-diff()**
-Opens a specific git commitdiff from kernel.org in default browser. Tree is
-chosen by the environment variable GITTREE which defaults to Linus Torvalds'
-kernel tree.
-
-: **git-get-commit()**
-Opens a specific git commit from kernel.org in default browser. The tree to
-fetch from is controlled by the environment variable GITTREE which defaults
-to Linus Torvalds' kernel tree.
-
-: **git-get-plaindiff()**
-Fetches specific git diff from kernel.org. The tree is controlled by the
-environment variable GITTREE which defaults to Linus Torvalds' kernel tree.
-
-: **greph()**
-Searches the zsh command history for a regular expression.
+: **get_tw_cli()**
+Fetches 3ware RAID controller software using get_3ware(1).
: **hex()**
Prints the hexadecimal representation of the number supplied as argument
(base ten only).
-: **hidiff()**
-Outputs highlighted diff; needs highstring(1).
+: **hgdi()**
+Use GNU diff with options -ubwd for mercurial.
-: **hl()**
-Shows source files in less(1) with syntax highlighting. Run "hl -h"
-for detailed usage information.
+: **hgstat()**
+Displays diffstat between the revision given as argument and tip (no
+argument means last revision).
-: **ic_get()**
-Queries IMAP server (first parameter) for its capabilities. Takes
-port number as optional second argument.
+: **hidiff()**
+Outputs highlighted diff; needs highstring(1).
: **is4()**
Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4, else false.
: **isutfenv()**
Returns true, if run within an utf environment, else false.
-: **lcheck()**
-Lists libraries that define the symbol containing the string given as
-parameter.
-
-: **limg()**
-Lists images (i. e. files ending with ".jpg", ".gif" or ".png") in current
-directory.
-
-: **makereadable()**
-Creates a PostScript and a PDF file (basename as first argument) from
-source code files.
-
-: **man2()**
-Displays manpage in a streched style.
+: **manzsh()**
+Shows the zshall manpage and jumps to the first match of the regular
+expression optionally given as argument (Needs qma(1)).
: **mcd()**
Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary. Then changes
current working directory to it.
-: **mdiff()**
-Diffs the two arguments recursively and writes the
-output (unified format) to a timestamped file.
-
-: **memusage()**
-Prints the summarized memory usage in bytes.
-
: **minimal-shell()**
Spawns a minimally set up MirBSD Korn shell. It references no files in /usr,
so that file system can be unmounted.
-: **mkaudiocd()**
-Renames all mp3 files in ~/ripps (see audiorip above) to lowercase and
-replaces spaces in file names with underscores. Then mkaudiocd()
-normalizes the files and recodes them to WAV.
-
-: **mkiso()**
-Creates an iso9660 filesystem image with Rockridge and Joliet extensions
-enabled using mkisofs(8). Prompts the user for volume name, filename and
-target directory.
-
-: **mkmaildir()**
-Creates a directory with first parameter as name inside $MAILDIR_ROOT
-(defaults to $HOME/Mail) and subdirectories cur, new and tmp.
-
-: **mmake()**
-Runs "make install" and logs the output under ~/.errorlogs/; useful for
-a clean deinstall later.
-
: **modified()**
Lists files in current directory, which have been modified within the
last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
-: **ogg2mp3_192()**
-Recodes an ogg file to mp3 with a bitrate of 192.
+: **nt()**
+A helper function for the "e" glob qualifier to list all files newer
+than a reference file.
+\
+Example usages:
+```
+% NTREF=/reference/file
+% ls -l *(e:nt:)
+% # Inline:
+% ls -l *(e:'nt /reference/file':)
+```
: **peval()**
Evaluates a perl expression; useful as command line
calculator, therefore also available as "calc".
-: **plap()**
-Lists all occurrences of the string given as argument in current $PATH.
-
-: **purge()**
-Removes typical temporary files (i. e. files like "*~", ".*~", "#*#", "*.o",
-"a.out", "*.core", "*.cmo", "*.cmi" and ".*.swp") from current directory.
-Asks for confirmation.
-
-: **readme()**
-Opens all README-like files in current working directory with the program
-defined in the $PAGER environment variable.
+: **profile()**
+Runs a command in $SHELL with profiling enabled (See startup variable
+ZSH_PROFILE_RC above).
: **refunc()**
Reloads functions given as parameters.
-: **regcheck()**
-Checks whether a regular expression (first parameter) matches a string
-(second parameter) using perl.
-
: **salias()**
Creates an alias whith sudo prepended, if $EUID is not zero. Run "salias -h"
for details. See also xunfunction() below.
-: **selhist()**
-Greps the history for the string provided as parameter and shows the numbered
-findings in default pager. On exit of the pager the user is prompted for a
-number. The shells readline buffer is then filled with the corresponding
-command line.
+: **setenv()**
+Reimplementation of the csh(1) builtin setenv.
: **show-archive()**
Lists the contents of a (compressed) archive with the appropriate programs.
The choice is made along the filename extension.
-: **shtar()**
-Lists the content of a gzipped tar archive in default pager.
-
-: **shzip()**
-Shows the content of a zip archive in default pager.
-
: **simple-extract()**
-Tries to uncompress/unpack given file with the appropriate programs. The
-choice is made along the filename ending.
+Tries to uncompress/unpack given files with the appropriate programs. If an URI
+starting with https, http or ftp is provided simple-extract tries to download
+and then uncompress/unpack the file. The choice is made along the filename
+ending. simple-extract will not delete the original archive (even on .gz,.bz2 or
+.xz) unless you use the '-d' option.
-: **slow_print()**
-Prints the arguments slowly by sleeping 0.08 seconds between each character.
+: **sll()**
+Prints details of symlinks given as arguments.
: **smartcompress()**
Compresses/archives the file given as first parameter. Takes an optional
second argument, which denotes the compression/archive type as typical
filename extension; defaults to "tar.gz".
-: **smart-indent()**
-Indents C source code files given; uses Kernighan & Ritchie style.
-
: **sshot()**
Creates directory named shots in user's home directory, if it does not yet
exist and changes current working directory to it. Then sleeps 5 seconds,
certificate. Use /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a certificate
to this function.
-: **startx()**
-Initializes an X session using startx(1) if /etc/X11/xorg.conf exists, else
-issues a Warning to use the grml-x(1) script. Can be overridden by using
-/usr/bin/startx directly.
-
-: **status()**
-Shows some information about current system status.
-
-: **swspeak()**
-Sets up software synthesizer by calling swspeak-setup(8). Kernel boot option
-swspeak must be set for this to work.
+: **Start(), Restart(), Stop(), Force-Reload(), Reload()**
+Functions for controlling daemons.
+```
+Example usage:
+% Restart ssh
+```
: **trans()**
Translates a word from german to english (-D) or vice versa (-E).
-: **udiff()**
-Makes a unified diff of the command line arguments trying hard to find a
-smaller set of changes. Descends recursively into subdirectories. Ignores
-hows some information about current status.
-
-: **uopen()**
-Downloads and displays a file using a suitable program for its
-Content-Type.
+: **uchange()**
+Shows upstreams changelog of a given package in $PAGER.
: **uprint()**
Works around the "print -l ${(u)foo}"-limitation on zsh older than 4.2.
-: **urlencode()**
-Takes a string as its first argument and prints it RFC 2396 URL encoded to
-standard out.
-
: **utf2iso()**
Changes every occurrence of the string UTF-8 or utf-8 in environment
variables to iso885915.
-: **viless()**
-Vim as pager.
-
: **vim()**
Wrapper for vim(1). It tries to set the title and hands vim the environment
variable VIM_OPTIONS on the command line. So the user may define command
line options, she always wants, in her .zshrc.local.
-: **vman()**
-Use vim(1) as manpage reader.
+: **whatwhen()**
+Searches the history for a given pattern and lists the results by date.
+The first argument is the search pattern. The second and third ones are
+optional and denote a search range (default: -100).
: **xcat()**
Tries to cat(1) file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
See also xunfunction() below.
-: **xinit()**
-Initializes an X session using xinit(1) if /etc/X11/xorg.conf exists, else
-issues a Warning to use the grml-x(1) script. Can be overridden by using
-/usr/bin/xinit directly.
-
: **xsource()**
Tries to source the file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
See zshbuiltins(1) for a detailed description of the source command.
: **xunfunction()**
Removes the functions salias, xcat, xsource, xunfunction and zrcautoload.
-: **zg()**
-Search for patterns in grml's zshrc using perl. zg takes no or exactly one
-option plus a non empty pattern. Run zg without any arguments for a listing
-of available command line switches. For a zshrc not in /etc/zsh, set the
-GRML_ZSHRC environment variable.
-
: **zrcautoload()**
Wrapper around the autoload builtin. Loads the definitions of functions
from the file given as argument. Searches $fpath for the file. See also
: **CO** (//./configure//)
Prepares compilation for building program from source.
+: **cp** (//nocorrect cp//)
+cp(1) without spelling correction.
+
: **da** (//du -sch//)
Prints the summarized disk usage of the arguments as well as a grand total
in human readable format.
+: **dbp** (//dpkg-buildpackage//)
+Builds binary or source packages from sources (See: dpkg-buildpackage(1)).
+
+: **debs-by-size** (//grep-status -FStatus -sInstalled-Size,Package -n "install ok installed" | paste -sd " \n" | sort -rn//)
+Prints installed Packages sorted by size (descending).
+
: **default** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Sets font of xterm to "-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-140-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15"
using escape sequence.
: **g** (//git//)
Revision control system by Linus Torvalds.
+: **ge** (//grep-excuses//)
+Searches the testing excuses files for a specific maintainer (See:
+grep-excuses(1)).
+
: **grep** (//grep --color=auto//)
Shows grep output in nice colors, if available.
: **grml-version** (//cat /etc/grml_version//)
Prints version of running grml.
+: **hbp** (//hg-buildpackage//)
+Helper program to maintain Debian packages with mercurial.
+
: **http** (//python -m SimpleHTTPServer//)
Basic HTTP server implemented in python. Listens on port 8000/tcp and
serves current directory. Implements GET and HEAD methods.
: **hide** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Tries to hide xterm window using escape sequence.
+: **hidiff** (//histring -fE '^Comparing files .*|^diff .*' | histring -c yellow -fE '^\-.*' | histring -c green -fE '^\+.*'//)
+If histring(1) is installed, highlight important stuff in diff(1) output.
+
: **huge** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Sets huge font in xterm ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-210-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15")
using escape sequence.
: **ll** (//ls -l --color=auto//)
Lists files in long colored output format.
+: **llog** (//$PAGER /var/log/syslog//)
+Opens syslog in pager.
+
: **ls** (//ls -b -CF --color=auto//)
Lists directory printing octal escapes for nongraphic characters.
Entries are listed by columns and an indicator for file type is appended
: **md** (//mkdir -p//)
Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary
+: **mdstat** (//cat /proc/mdstat//)
+Lists all active md (i.e. linux software raid) devices with some information
+about them.
+
: **medium** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Sets medium sized font
("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-c-80-iso8859-15") in xterm
using escape sequence.
+: **mkdir** (//nocorrect mkdir//)
+mkdir(1) without spelling correction.
+
+: **mq** (//hg -R $(readlink -f $(hg root)/.hg/patches)//)
+Executes the commands on the versioned patch queue from current repository.
+
+: **mv** (//nocorrect mv//)
+mv(1) without spelling correction.
+
+: **rd** (//rmdir//)
+Short rmdir(1) (remove directory).
+
+: **rm** (//nocorrect rm//)
+rm(1) without spelling correction.
+
+: **rmcdir** (//'cd ..; rmdir $OLDPWD || cd $OLDPWD//)
+rmdir current working directory
+
: **screen** (///usr/bin/screen -c ${HOME}/.screenrc//)
If invoking user is root, starts screen session with /etc/grml/screenrc
as config file. If invoked by a regular user, start a screen session
Grants read, write and execute permission of a file to the owner and
read-only plus execute permission to anybody else.
+: **S** (//screen//)
+Short for screen(1).
+
+: **s** (//ssh//)
+Short for ssh(1).
+
: **semifont** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Sets font of xterm to
"-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-15" using
If user is running a grml live-CD, dont ask for any password, if she
wants a root shell.
+: **term2iso** (//echo 'Setting terminal to iso mode' ; print -n '\e%@'//)
+Sets mode from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 (See:
+http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#term).
+
+: **term2utf** (//echo 'Setting terminal to utf-8 mode'; print -n '\e%G'//)
+Sets mode from ISO 2022 to UTF-8 (See:
+http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#term).
+
: **tiny** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
Sets tiny xterm font
("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-80-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15") using escape
sequence.
+: **tlog** (//tail -f /var/log/syslog//)
+Prints syslog continuously (See tail(1)).
+
+: **top10** (//print -l ? ${(o)history%% *} | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10//)
+Prints the ten most used shell commands.
+
: **truec** (//truecrypt [ mount options ]//)
Mount a truecrypt volume with some reasonable mount options
("rw,sync,dirsync,users,uid=1000,gid=users,umask=077" and "utf8", if
Performs a system update followed by a system upgrade using aptitude; run
by sudo, if necessary. See au and ag above.
+: **url-quote** (//autoload -U url-quote-magic ; zle -N self-insert url-quote-magic//)
+After calling, characters of URLs as typed get automatically escaped, if necessary, to
+protect them from the shell.
+
+: **0** (//return 0//)
+Gives a clean prompt (i.e. without $?).
+
+: **$(uname -r)-reboot** (//kexec -l --initrd=/boot/initrd.img-"$(uname -r)" --command-line=\"$(cat /proc/cmdline)\" /boot/vmlinuz-"$(uname -r)"//)
+Reboots using kexec(8) and thus reduces boot time by skipping hardware initialization of BIOS/firmware.
+
+: **...** (//cd ../..///)
+Changes current directory two levels higher.
+
: **?** (//qma zshall//)
Runs the grml script qma (quick manual access) to build the collected man
pages for the z-shell. This compressed file is kept at
= COPYRIGHT =
-Copyright (c) 2009, grml project <http://grml.org>
+Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Grml project <http://grml.org>
This manpage is distributed under the terms of the GPL version 2.
Most parts of grml's zshrc are distributed under the terms of GPL v2, too,
-except for **accept-line()** and **vcs_info()**, which are distributed under
-the same conditions as zsh itself (which is BSD-like).
+except for **accept-line()** which are distributed under the same conditions
+as zsh itself (which is BSD-like).
projects / grml-etc-core.git / blobdiff