2 # Filename: /etc/debootstrap/chroot-script
3 # Purpose: script executed in chroot when installing Debian via grml-debootstrap
4 # Authors: grml-team (grml.org), (c) Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org>
5 # Bug-Reports: see https://grml.org/bugs/
6 # License: This file is licensed under the GPL v2.
7 ################################################################################
8 # GRML_CHROOT_SCRIPT_MARKER - do not remove this line unless you want to keep
9 # this script as /bin/chroot-script on your new installed system
10 ################################################################################
13 if [ "$REPORT_TRAP_ERR" = "yes" ] || [ "$FAIL_TRAP_ERR" = "yes" ]; then
17 trap "error_handler" ERR
21 # shellcheck disable=SC1091
22 . /etc/debootstrap/config || exit 1
23 # shellcheck disable=SC1091
24 . /etc/debootstrap/variables || exit 1
26 [ -r /proc/1 ] || mount -t proc none /proc
27 [ -r /sys/kernel ] || mount -t sysfs none /sys
31 # use aptitude only if it's available
32 if [ -x /usr/bin/aptitude ] ; then
33 APTUPDATE="aptitude update $DPKG_OPTIONS"
34 # Debian ISOs do not contain signed Release files
35 if [ -n "$ISO" ] ; then
36 APTINSTALL="aptitude -y --allow-untrusted --without-recommends install $DPKG_OPTIONS"
37 APTUPGRADE="aptitude -y --allow-untrusted safe-upgrade $DPKG_OPTIONS"
39 APTINSTALL="aptitude -y --without-recommends install $DPKG_OPTIONS"
40 APTUPGRADE="aptitude -y safe-upgrade $DPKG_OPTIONS"
43 APTINSTALL="apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install $DPKG_OPTIONS"
44 APTUPDATE="apt-get update $DPKG_OPTIONS"
45 APTUPGRADE="apt-get -y upgrade $DPKG_OPTIONS"
48 if [ -z "$STAGES" ] ; then
49 STAGES='/etc/debootstrap/stages'
50 [ -d "$STAGES" ] || mkdir -p "$STAGES"
54 # helper functions {{{
57 echo "$2" > "$STAGES/$1"
59 elif grep -q 'done' "$STAGES/$1" 2>/dev/null ; then
60 echo " [*] Notice: stage $1 has been executed already, skipping execution therefore.">&2
63 echo " Executing stage ${1}"
68 # read -s emulation for dash. result is in $resp.
70 [ -t 0 ] && stty -echo
77 # define chroot mirror {{{
79 if [ "$KEEP_SRC_LIST" = "yes" ] ; then
80 echo "KEEP_SRC_LIST has been enabled, skipping chrootmirror stage."
84 if [ -z "$COMPONENTS" ] ; then
87 echo "Using repository components $COMPONENTS"
89 if [ -n "$ISO" ] ; then
90 echo "Adjusting sources.list for ISO (${ISO})."
91 echo "deb $ISO $RELEASE $COMPONENTS" > /etc/apt/sources.list
93 if [ -n "$MIRROR" ] ; then
94 echo "Adding mirror entry (${MIRROR}) to sources.list."
95 echo "deb $MIRROR $RELEASE $COMPONENTS" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
98 if [ -n "$MIRROR" ] ; then
99 echo "Adjusting sources.list for mirror (${MIRROR})."
100 echo "deb $MIRROR $RELEASE $COMPONENTS" > /etc/apt/sources.list
104 # add security.debian.org:
106 unstable|sid) ;; # no security pool available
107 jessie|stretch|buster)
108 echo "Adding security.debian.org to sources.list."
109 echo "deb http://security.debian.org ${RELEASE}/updates $COMPONENTS" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
112 # bullseye and newer releases use a different repository layout, see
113 # https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2019/07/msg00004.html
114 echo "Adding security.debian.org/debian-security to sources.list."
115 echo "deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security ${RELEASE}-security $COMPONENTS" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
121 # remove local chroot mirror {{{
122 remove_chrootmirror() {
123 if [ "$KEEP_SRC_LIST" = "yes" ] ; then
124 echo "KEEP_SRC_LIST has been enabled, skipping remove_chrootmirror stage."
128 if [ -n "$ISO" ] ; then
129 echo "Removing ISO (${ISO}) from sources.list."
130 TMP_ISO="${ISO//\//\\\/}"
131 sed -i "/deb $TMP_ISO $RELEASE $COMPONENTS/ D" /etc/apt/sources.list
133 if [ -n "$MIRROR" ] && echo "$MIRROR" | grep -q 'file:' ; then
134 echo "Removing local mirror (${MIRROR}) from sources.list."
135 TMP_MIRROR="${MIRROR//\//\\\/}"
136 sed -i "/deb $TMP_MIRROR $RELEASE $COMPONENTS/ D" /etc/apt/sources.list
137 echo "Adding fallback mirror entry (${FALLBACK_MIRROR}) to sources.list instead."
138 echo "deb $FALLBACK_MIRROR $RELEASE $COMPONENTS" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
144 # set up grml repository {{{
146 if [ -z "$GRMLREPOS" ] ; then
150 # user might have provided their own apt sources configuration
151 if [ -r /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list ] ; then
152 echo "File /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list exists already, not modifying."
154 echo "Setting up /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list."
155 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grml.list << EOF
156 # grml: stable repository:
157 deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grml-archive-keyring.gpg] http://deb.grml.org/ grml-stable main
158 deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grml-archive-keyring.gpg] http://deb.grml.org/ grml-stable main
160 # grml: testing/development repository:
161 deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grml-archive-keyring.gpg] http://deb.grml.org/ grml-testing main
162 deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grml-archive-keyring.gpg] http://deb.grml.org/ grml-testing main
166 # make sure we install packages from Grml's pool only if not available from Debian
167 if [ -r /etc/apt/preferences.d/grml.pref ] ; then
168 echo "File /etc/apt/preferences.d/grml.pref exists already, not modifying."
170 echo "Setting up /etc/apt/preferences.d/grml.pref."
171 cat > /etc/apt/preferences.d/grml.pref << EOF
172 Explanation: use Grml repository only after Debian ones
174 Pin: origin deb.grml.org
179 apt-get update -o Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories=1
180 apt-get -y --allow-unauthenticated install grml-debian-keyring
183 if [ "$(dpkg-query -f "\${db:Status-Status} \${db:Status-Eflag}" -W grml-debian-keyring 2>/dev/null)" != 'installed ok' ]; then
184 echo "Error: installation of grml-debian-keyring failed." >&2
190 # feature to provide Debian backports repos {{{
192 if [ -n "$BACKPORTREPOS" ] ; then
193 cat >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list << EOF
194 # debian backports: ${RELEASE}-backports repository:
195 deb ${MIRROR} ${RELEASE}-backports main
196 deb-src ${MIRROR} ${RELEASE}-backports main
202 # set up kernel-img.conf {{{
204 if ! [ -r /etc/kernel-img.conf ] ; then
205 echo "Setting up /etc/kernel-img.conf"
206 cat > /etc/kernel-img.conf << EOF
207 # Kernel Image management overrides
208 # See kernel-img.conf(5) for details
216 # make sure services do not start up {{{
217 install_policy_rcd() {
218 if ! [ -r /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d ] ; then
220 cat > /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d << EOF
224 chmod 775 /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
229 # make sure we have an up2date system {{{
231 if [ "$UPGRADE_SYSTEM" = "yes" ] ; then
232 echo "Running update + upgrade"
234 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTUPGRADE
236 echo "Not running update + upgrade as \$UPDATE_AND_UPGRADE is not set to 'yes'."
241 # remove now useless apt cache {{{
243 if [ "$RM_APTCACHE" = 'yes' ] ; then
244 echo "Cleaning apt cache."
245 # shellcheck disable=SC2086
246 apt-get clean $DPKG_OPTIONS
248 echo "Not cleaning apt cache as \$RM_APTCACHE is unset."
253 # install additional packages {{{
255 # Pre-seed the debconf database with answers. Each question will be marked
256 # as seen to prevent debconf from asking the question interactively.
257 [ -f /etc/debootstrap/debconf-selections ] && {
258 echo "Preseeding the debconf database, some lines might be skipped..."
259 debconf-set-selections < /etc/debootstrap/debconf-selections
262 if [ "$PACKAGES" = 'yes' ] ; then
263 PACKAGES_FILE="/etc/debootstrap/packages"
265 if [ "$ARCH" = 'arm64' ]; then
266 PACKAGES_FILE="/etc/debootstrap/packages-arm64"
269 if ! [ -r "${PACKAGES_FILE}" ] ; then
270 echo "Error: ${PACKAGES_FILE} (inside chroot) not found, exiting." >&2
275 # shellcheck disable=SC2086,SC2046
276 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL $(grep -v '^#' "${PACKAGES_FILE}") $GRMLPACKAGES
282 # install extra packages {{{
284 if [ "$EXTRAPACKAGES" = 'yes' ] ; then
285 PACKAGELIST=$(find /etc/debootstrap/extrapackages -type f -name '*.deb')
286 if [ -n "$PACKAGELIST" ]; then
287 # shellcheck disable=SC2086
289 # run apt again to resolve any deps
290 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL
296 # check if the specified Debian package exists
298 output=$(apt-cache show "$1" 2>/dev/null)
304 # determine the kernel version postfix
305 get_kernel_version() {
306 # do not override $KERNEL if set via config file
307 if [ -n "$KERNEL" ] ; then
314 # shellcheck disable=SC2153
326 echo "Only i386, amd64 and arm64 are currently supported" >&2
331 KPACKAGE=linux-image-"${KPREFIX}${KARCH}"
332 if package_exists "$KPACKAGE"; then
333 echo "${KPREFIX}${KARCH}"
337 echo "Expected kernel package $KPACKAGE not found" >&2
341 # install kernel packages {{{
343 if [ -n "$NOKERNEL" ] ; then
344 echo "Skipping installation of kernel packages as requested via --nokernel"
349 KVER=$(get_kernel_version)
350 if [ -n "$KVER" ] ; then
351 # note: install busybox to be able to debug initramfs
352 KERNELPACKAGES="linux-image-$KVER linux-headers-$KVER busybox firmware-linux-free"
353 # only add firmware-linux if we have non-free as a component
354 if expr "$COMPONENTS" : '.*non-free' >/dev/null ; then
355 KERNELPACKAGES="$KERNELPACKAGES firmware-linux"
357 # shellcheck disable=SC2086
358 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL $KERNELPACKAGES
360 echo "Warning: Could not find a kernel for your system. Your system won't be able to boot itself!"
365 # reconfigure packages {{{
367 if [ -n "$RECONFIGURE" ] ; then
368 for package in $RECONFIGURE ; do
369 if dpkg --list "$package" >/dev/null 2>&1 | grep -q '^ii' ; then
370 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND dpkg-reconfigure "$package" || \
371 echo "Warning: $package does not exist, can not reconfigure it."
378 # set password of user root {{{
381 if [ -n "$NOPASSWORD" ] ; then
382 echo "Skip setting root password as requested."
386 echo "Activating shadow passwords."
390 if chpasswd --help 2>&1 | grep -q -- '-m,' ; then
394 if [ -n "$ROOTPASSWORD" ] ; then
395 echo root:"$ROOTPASSWORD" | chpasswd $CHPASSWD_OPTION
396 export ROOTPASSWORD=''
400 echo "Setting password for user root:"
401 while [ "$a" != "$b" ] ; do
402 printf "Enter new UNIX password for user root: "
407 printf "Retype new UNIX password for user root: "
412 if [ "$a" != "$b" ] ; then
413 echo "Sorry, passwords do not match. Retry."
417 echo root:"$a" | chpasswd $CHPASSWD_OPTION
426 # set up /etc/hosts {{{
428 if ! [ -f /etc/hosts ] ; then
429 cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
431 ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
433 ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
439 # set default locales {{{
441 if [ -n "$DEFAULT_LOCALES" ] ; then
442 if ! [ -x /usr/sbin/update-locale ] ; then
443 echo "Warning: update-locale executable not available (no locales package installed?)"
444 echo "Ignoring request to run update-locale for $DEFAULT_LOCALES therefore"
448 /usr/sbin/update-locale LANGUAGE="$DEFAULT_LANGUAGE" LANG="$DEFAULT_LOCALES"
453 # adjust timezone {{{
455 if [ -n "$TIMEZONE" ] ; then
456 echo "Adjusting /etc/localtime"
457 ln -sf "/usr/share/zoneinfo/$TIMEZONE" /etc/localtime
459 echo "Setting /etc/timezone to $TIMEZONE"
460 printf '%s\n' "$TIMEZONE" > /etc/timezone
466 # helper function for fstab() {{{
468 echo "Setting up /etc/fstab"
469 cat > /etc/fstab <<EOF
470 # /etc/fstab - created by grml-debootstrap on $(date)
471 # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
472 # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
474 # After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
475 # units generated from this file.
479 if [ -n "$TARGET_UUID" ] ; then
480 local rootfs_mount_options=""
482 if [ -z "${FILESYSTEM}" ] ; then
483 FILESYSTEM="$(blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/disk/by-uuid/"${TARGET_UUID}")"
486 case "${FILESYSTEM}" in
487 # errors=remount-ro is supported only by a few file systems
488 ext*|exfat|fat|jfs|nilfs2|vfat)
489 rootfs_mount_options=",errors=remount-ro"
493 echo "/dev/disk/by-uuid/${TARGET_UUID} / auto defaults${rootfs_mount_options} 0 1" >> /etc/fstab
495 echo "Warning: couldn't identify target UUID for rootfs, your /etc/fstab might be incomplete."
498 if [ -n "$EFI" ] ; then
499 # shellcheck disable=SC2086
500 echo "UUID=$(blkid -o value -s UUID $EFI) /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1" >> /etc/fstab
503 cat >> /etc/fstab << EOF
504 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
505 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom0 iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0
506 # some other examples:
507 # /dev/sda2 none swap sw,pri=0 0 0
508 # /dev/hda1 /Grml ext3 dev,suid,user,noauto 0 2
509 # //1.2.3.4/pub /smb/pub cifs user,noauto,uid=grml,gid=grml 0 0
510 # linux:/pub /beer nfs defaults 0 0
511 # tmpfs /tmp tmpfs size=300M 0 0
512 # /dev/sda5 none swap sw 0 0
517 # generate /etc/fstab {{{
519 # set up /etc/fstab if file is not present (cdebootstrap)
520 if [ ! -f /etc/fstab ] ; then
524 # set up /etc/fstab if file is UNCONFIGURED (debootstrap)
525 if grep -q UNCONFIGURED /etc/fstab ; then
531 # ensure we have according filesystem tools available {{{
535 # note: this is supposed to be coming either via command lines'
536 # $_opt_filesystem or via createfstab()
537 case "${FILESYSTEM}" in
546 if [ -n "${pkg:-}" ] && ! dpkg --list "${pkg}" 2>/dev/null | grep -q '^ii' ; then
547 echo "Filesystem package ${pkg} not present, installing now"
548 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL "${pkg}"
553 # set up hostname {{{
555 if [ -n "$HOSTNAME" ] ; then
556 echo "Setting hostname to ${HOSTNAME}."
557 echo "$HOSTNAME" > /etc/hostname
559 # adjust postfix configuration
560 if [ -r /etc/postfix/main.cf ] ; then
561 # adjust hostname related options:
562 sed -i "s/grml/$HOSTNAME/g" /etc/postfix/main.cf
564 # listen on loopback interface only:
565 sed -i "s/^inet_interfaces = .*/inet_interfaces = loopback-only/" /etc/postfix/main.cf
566 grep -q inet_interfaces /etc/postfix/main.cf || echo 'inet_interfaces = loopback-only' >> /etc/postfix/main.cf
568 if [ -r /etc/mailname ] ; then
569 # adjust /etc/mailname
570 local etc_mail_domain
571 etc_mail_domain=$(/bin/dnsdomainname 2>/dev/null || echo localdomain)
574 local mailname="$HOSTNAME"
577 local mailname="${HOSTNAME}.${etc_mail_domain}"
580 echo "Setting mailname to ${mailname}"
581 echo "$mailname" > /etc/mailname
587 # generate initrd/initramfs {{{
589 # assume the first available kernel as our main kernel
590 # shellcheck disable=SC2012
591 KERNELIMG=$(ls -1 /boot/vmlinuz-* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
592 if [ -z "$KERNELIMG" ] ; then
593 echo 'No kernel image found, skipping initrd stuff.'>&2
597 KERNELVER=${KERNELIMG#/boot/vmlinuz-}
600 if [ -n "$INITRD" ] ; then
601 echo "Generating initrd."
602 if [ "$INITRD_GENERATOR" = 'dracut' ] ; then
603 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL dracut
604 dracut --no-hostonly --kver "$KERNELVER" --fstab --add-fstab /etc/fstab --force --reproducible $INITRD_GENERATOR_OPTS
606 update-initramfs -c -t -k "$KERNELVER" $INITRD_GENERATOR_OPTS
613 if [ -z "$EFI" ] ; then
617 if ! dpkg --list efibootmgr 2>/dev/null | grep -q '^ii' ; then
618 echo "Notice: efi option set but no efibootmgr package, installing it therefore."
619 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL efibootmgr
623 echo "Mounting $EFI on /boot/efi"
624 mount "$EFI" /boot/efi || return 1
626 # if efivarfs kernel module is loaded, but efivars isn't,
627 # then we need to mount efivarfs for efibootmgr usage
628 if ! ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/* &>/dev/null ; then
629 echo "Mounting efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars"
630 mount -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
633 echo "Invoking efibootmgr"
634 efibootmgr || return 1
637 # grub configuration/installation {{{
639 # helper function to get relevant /dev/disk/by-id/* entries,
640 # based on GRUB's postinst script
644 [ -d /dev/disk/by-id ] || return
646 for path in /dev/disk/by-id/*; do
647 [ -e "${path}" ] || continue
648 printf '%s %s\n' "${path}" "$(readlink -f "${path}")"
649 done | sort -k2 -s -u | cut -d' ' -f1
654 # helper function to report corresponding /dev/disk/by-id/ for a given device name,
655 # based on GRUB's postinst script
659 for id in $(available_ids); do
660 if [ "$(readlink -f "${id}")" = "$(readlink -f "$1")" ]; then
666 # Fall back to the plain device name if there's no by-id link for it.
676 if [ -z "$GRUB" ] ; then
677 echo "Notice: \$GRUB not defined, will not install grub inside chroot at this stage."
681 efi_setup || return 1
683 if [ -n "$EFI" ] ; then
684 GRUB_PACKAGE=grub-efi-amd64
689 # make sure this is pre-defined so we have sane settings for automated
690 # upgrades, see https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=711019
692 grub_device=$(device_to_id "${GRUB}")
693 if [ -z "${grub_device:-}" ] ; then
694 echo "Warning: Could not identify /dev/disk/by-id/... for '${GRUB}', falling back to '${GRUB}'"
695 grub_device="${GRUB}"
698 echo "Setting ${GRUB_PACKAGE} debconf configuration for install device to $GRUB"
699 echo "${GRUB_PACKAGE} ${GRUB_PACKAGE}/install_devices multiselect ${grub_device}" | debconf-set-selections
701 if ! dpkg --list ${GRUB_PACKAGE} 2>/dev/null | grep -q '^ii' ; then
702 echo "Notice: grub option set but no ${GRUB_PACKAGE} package, installing it therefore."
703 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=$DEBIAN_FRONTEND $APTINSTALL ${GRUB_PACKAGE}
706 if ! [ -x "$(command -v grub-install)" ] ; then
707 echo "Error: grub-install not available. (Error while installing grub package?)" >&2
710 if ! [ -x "$(command -v update-grub)" ] ; then
711 echo "Error: update-grub not available. (Error while installing grub package?)" >&2
715 if [ -n "$SELECTED_PARTITIONS" ] ; then # using sw-raid
716 for device in $SELECTED_PARTITIONS ; do
717 GRUB="${device%%[0-9]}"
718 echo "Installing grub on ${GRUB}:"
719 if ! grub-install --no-floppy "$GRUB" ; then
720 echo "Error: failed to execute 'grub-install --no-floppy $GRUB'." >&2
725 rm -f /boot/grub/device.map
727 echo "Installing grub on ${GRUB}:"
728 echo "(hd0) ${GRUB}" > /boot/grub/device.map
729 if ! grub-install "(hd0)" ; then
730 echo "Error: failed to execute 'grub-install (hd0)'." >&2
733 rm /boot/grub/device.map
736 echo "Adjusting grub configuration for use on ${GRUB}."
738 if [ -n "${BOOT_APPEND}" ] ; then
739 echo "Adding BOOT_APPEND configuration ['${BOOT_APPEND}'] to /etc/default/grub."
740 sed -i "/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT/ s#\"\$# ${BOOT_APPEND}\"#" /etc/default/grub
743 mountpoint /boot/efi &>/dev/null && umount /boot/efi
745 # finally install grub. Existence of update-grub is checked above.
750 # execute all scripts present in /etc/debootstrap/chroot-scripts/ {{{
752 [ -d /etc/debootstrap/chroot-scripts/ ] || return 0
754 for script in /etc/debootstrap/chroot-scripts/* ; do
755 echo "Executing script $script"
756 $script && echo "done" || echo "failed"
761 # make sure we don't have any running processes left {{{
763 for service in ssh mdadm mdadm-raid ; do
764 if [ -x /etc/init.d/"$service" ] ; then
765 /etc/init.d/"$service" stop || true
771 # unmount /proc and make sure nothing is left {{{
773 # make sure we don't leave any sensible data
774 rm -f /etc/debootstrap/variables
776 [ -n "$POLICYRCD" ] && rm -f /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
778 umount /sys/firmware/efi/efivars &>/dev/null || true
780 umount /sys >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || true
781 umount /proc >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || true
788 [ -n "$1" ] && EXIT="$1" || EXIT="1"
793 # set signal handler {{{
794 trap signal_handler HUP INT QUIT TERM
797 # execute the functions {{{
799 # always execute install_policy_rcd
802 for i in chrootmirror grmlrepos backportrepos kernelimg_conf \
803 kernel packages extrapackages reconfigure hosts \
804 default_locales timezone fstab install_fs_tools hostname \
805 initrd grub_install passwords \
806 custom_scripts upgrade_system remove_apt_cache services \
807 remove_chrootmirror; do
809 $i && stage $i 'done' || exit 1
812 # always execute the finalize stage:
816 # finally exit the chroot {{{
817 echo "Finished chroot installation, exiting."
821 ## END OF FILE #################################################################
822 # vim: ai tw=80 expandtab foldmethod=marker