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30 <p>Up2date: 20060122 - applies to version grml 0.6/grml-small 0.2</p>
32 <p><a name="toc"></a><strong>Index:</strong></p>
34 <p class="toc"><a href="#general">General:</a></p>
36 <li><a href="#whatis">What is grml?</a></li>
37 <li><a href="#get">Where do I get grml?</a></li>
38 <li><a href="#whatmeans">What does grml mean?</a></li>
39 <li><a href="#pronounce">How to pronounce grml?</a></li>
40 <li><a href="#releasename">What about the release name?</a></li>
41 <li><a href="#requirements">Requirements for running grml</a></li>
42 <li><a href="#why">Why another Linux distribution?</a></li>
43 <li><a href="#license">What's the license of grml?</a></li>
44 <li><a href="#difference">What's the difference between grml and $OTHER-DISTRIBUTION? What are your main goals?</a></li>
45 <li><a href="#knoppix">What's the difference between grml and Knoppix?</a></li>
46 <li><a href="#accessibility">What does accessibility at grml mean?</a></li>
47 <li><a href="#emulation">Is it possible to run grml with $EMULATOR?</a></li>
48 <li><a href="#store">Is it possible to store my settings?</a></li>
51 <p class="toc"><a href="#grmlsmall">grml-small:</a></p>
53 <li><a href="#whatissmall">What is grml-small?</a></li>
54 <li><a href="#smallvsnormal">What is the difference between 'normal' grml and grml-small?</a></li>
55 <li><a href="#usb">How do I boot grml from an USB stick?</a></li>
58 <p class="toc"><a href="#system">System</a>:</p>
60 <li><a href="#configure">Which tools exist to configure grml?</a></li>
61 <li><a href="#password">What are the passwords of users on grml?</a></li>
62 <li><a href="#version">How to find out the version of grml</a></li>
63 <li><a href="#remove_cd">Is it possible to run LiveCD and eject CD-ROM?</a></li>
64 <li><a href="#language">How do I change the language/keyboard settings?</a></li>
65 <li><a href="#kde_and_foo">KDE, Gnome, $FOO and $BAR</a></li>
66 <li><a href="#wms">Which window managers can I use?</a></li>
67 <li><a href="#booting">Which ways exist to boot grml?</a></li>
68 <li><a href="#bugreport">Bugreport</a></li>
69 <li><a href="#hdinstall">Is it possible to install grml to harddisk?</a></li>
70 <li><a href="#hardware">I have problems with my hardware!</a></li>
71 <li><a href="#boot">grml does not boot on my computer!</a></li>
74 <p class="toc"><a href="#kernel">Kernel</a>:</p>
76 <li><a href="#kernelconfig">Where can I find the configuration for the kernel used on grml?</a></li>
77 <li><a href="#kernelpatches">Are there any special components/patches in the kernel used on grml?</a></li>
78 <li><a href="#platform">Which platforms is the grml kernel optimized for?</a></li>
81 <p class="toc"><a href="#software">Software:</a></p>
83 <li><a href="#sw_general">General</a></li>
84 <li><a href="#sw_version">What version of $PACKAGE is available?</a></li>
85 <li><a href="#init">Init-System</a></li>
86 <li><a href="#zsh">Why is zsh the default shell (/bin/sh)?</a></li>
87 <li><a href="#bash">Is a bash available?</a></li>
88 <li><a href="#setuid">setuid/SUID</a></li>
89 <li><a href="#aide">aide</a></li>
90 <li><a href="#bitchx">bitchx</a></li>
91 <li><a href="#ispell">ispell</a></li>
92 <li><a href="#latex">LaTeX</a></li>
93 <li><a href="#slapd">slapd</a></li>
94 <li><a href="#tripwire">tripwire</a></li>
97 <p class="toc"><a href="#release">Release related issues</a>:</p>
99 <li><a href="#known_issues">Are there any known issues with this release?</a></li>
100 <li><a href="#ipw">Using IPW driver with DHCP</a></li>
101 <li><a href="#wpa">Using WPA with >=2.6.13-grml</a></li>
102 <li><a href="#proc_usb">Why isn't /proc/bus/usb mounted anymore?</a></li>
105 <p class="toc"><a href="#xserver">X-Server</a></p>
107 <li><a href="#xstart">How do I start the X server?</a></li>
108 <li><a href="#xproblem">X does not start on my box?!</a></li>
109 <li><a href="#xresolution">I don't like the resolution of X!</a></li>
112 <p class="toc"><a href="#framebuffer">Framebuffer</a></p>
114 <li><a href="#video">The boot option video does not work as expected anymore?</a></li>
115 <li><a href="#fbprobs">I don't see anything when booting grml?!</a></li>
118 <p class="toc"><a href="#question">Further questions</a></p>
120 <h2><a name="general"></a><a href="#toc">General</a></h2>
122 <h3><a name="whatis"></a><a href="#toc">What is grml?</a></h3>
124 <p>grml is a bootable CD (Live-CD) based on <a
125 href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a> and <a
126 href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>. grml includes a collection of
127 GNU/Linux software especially for users of texttools and system
128 administrators. grml provides automatic hardware detection. You can use grml
129 as a rescue system, for analyzing systems/networks or as a working
130 environment. It is not necessary to install anything to a harddisk. Due to
131 on-the-fly decompression grml includes about 2.1 GiB of software and
132 documentation on the CD.</p>
134 <h3><a name="get"></a><a href="#toc">Where do I get grml?</a></h3>
136 <p>You can download grml of course: take a look at <a
137 href="http://grml.org/download">grml.org/download/</a>. If you want
138 to get an original grml-CD including <a
139 href="http://grml.org/files/#covers">the grml-cover</a>, need a
140 special amount of CDs or want your own special grml-CD (including
141 your logo, your software and/or special settings) <a
142 href="http://grml.org/contact/">please don't hesitate to contact
143 us</a>! Take a look at <a
144 href="http://solutions.grml.org/">grml-solutions</a> for more
145 information regarding our offers.</p>
147 <h3><a name="whatmeans"></a><a href="#toc">What does grml mean?</a></h3>
149 <p>grml is short for 'grummel' and comes close to 'argl' or 'grrr' in english. People
150 use this when they want to express their dissatisfaction/discontentedness with software
151 (amongst other things):</p>
154 $ grep -ch grml .centericq/**/history | xargs echo | \
155 sed 's/[0-9]*/& + /g' | sed 's/+ $//g' | bc -l
158 <h3><a name="pronounce"></a><a href="#toc">How to pronounce grml?</a></h3>
161 $ echo 'ghroummel' | festival --tts
162 $ flite -o play -t gremel</pre>
164 <h3><a name="releasename"></a><a href="#toc">What about the release name?</a></h3>
166 <p>Codename of grml 0.6 is Winterschlapfn. This is austrian slang for the
167 german word Winterreifen which stands for 'snow tyre'.</p>
169 <p>Codename of grml-small 0.2 is Corry. Corry is the nickname of <a
170 href="/team/">Michael Gebetsroither's</a> girlfriend.</p>
172 <h3><a name="requirements"></a><a href="#toc">Requirements for running grml</a></h3>
175 <li>Intel-compatible CPU (i586 or later, preferably Pentium class or higher)</li>
176 <li>at least 64MB of RAM (for stable use with ramdisks for unionfs and udev and running X window system
177 we recommend at least 128MB)</li>
178 <li>grml-small: at least 32MB RAM should be available</li>
179 <li>bootable CD-ROM drive (or a boot floppy and standard CD-ROM [IDE/ATAPI
180 or SCSI]) [or network - see <a href="#terminalserver">grml-terminalserver</a>]</li>
183 <h3><a name="why"></a><a href="#toc">Why another Linux distribution?</a></h3>
185 <p>There already exist "<a
186 href="http://www.distrowatch.com/">some</a>" distributions. We decided
187 to base our work on the existing infrastructure of <a
188 href="http://debian.org/">Debian</a> and <a
189 href="http://www.knoppix.net/">Knoppix</a> because we don't want to reinvent
190 the wheel. Some admins already use their own rescue-CD and Knoppix works but
191 does not bring that many important tools for admins and users of texttools
192 out of the box so we decided to share our work with others.</p>
194 <h3><a name="license"></a><a href="#toc">What's the license of grml?</a></h3>
196 <p>Anything written by the grml team is published under the GPL (<a
197 href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>).
198 You don't have to pay anything for running grml. <a
199 href="/donations/">Donations</a> and <a href="/contact/">feedback</a> are
200 welcome of course. If you want to get a special LiveCD or need support take a
201 look at <a href="http://solutions.grml.org/">grml-solutions</a>.</p>
203 <h3><a name="difference"></a><a href="#toc">What's the difference between grml and
204 $OTHER-DISTRIBUTION? What are your main goals?</a></h3>
206 <p>The main goal of grml is to be a distribution well suited for
207 users of texttools and sysadmins. grml includes many important
208 texttools (of course awk, sed, grep,... but also zsh, mutt[ng],
209 slrn, vim and many other stuff) and useful programs for admin's
210 daily work too. grml uses the existing infrastructure of <a
211 href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>. grml was once based on <a
212 href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a> (see '<a
213 href="#knoppix">What's the difference between grml and
214 Knoppix?</a>' for more details). We are merging
215 useful things also from other distributions/live-cds to provide a
216 perfect environment.</p>
218 <h3><a name="knoppix"></a><a href="#toc">What's the difference between grml and Knoppix?</a></h3>
220 <p>grml comes with a vastly different set of software. Missing KDE
221 and OpenOffice provides the opportunity of shipping more than 800
222 packages which Knoppix does not provide on it's CD version. grml
223 boots a 2.6.x kernel but no X for faster startup. Knoppix is based
224 on Debian/testing-experimental (using apt-pinning), but grml is
225 basically based on plain Debian/unstable providing more current
226 versions of software and less painfull upgrades. grml was once
227 based on Knoppix but has nowadays (except of a similar initial
228 ramdisk) nothing in common with Knoppix anymore:</p>
232 # find / -iname \*knoppix\*
235 <p>We consider Knoppix as a brand name for live-cds nowadays and
236 provide most of Knoppix features as well. grml uses (mostly) the
237 same cheatcodes for booting as Knoppix and provides even some extra
238 ones. So if you are used to the basic Knoppix features you might
239 find them on the grml-system as well. Ripping out the Knoppix
240 stuff provides the possibility to create a grml system out of a
241 Debian system and vice versa. Running 'apt-get install grml' on a
242 Debian box will be officially supported in an upcoming version of
245 <h3><a name="accessibility"></a><a href="#toc">What does accessibility at grml mean?</a></h3>
247 <p>The grml kernel includes <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/#speakup">support for
248 speakup</a> and provides software like brltty (using bootoption 'grml blind
249 brltty=type,port,tbl'), emacspeak and flite.</p>
251 <h3><a name="emulation"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to run grml with $EMULATOR?</a></h3>
253 <p><a href="http://www.vmware.com/">VMWare</a> should work without any
254 problems. It's also possible to run grml with <a
255 href="http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/">QEMU</a>, an emulator for various
256 CPUs which works on Linux, Windows, FreeBSD and Mac OS X. Running grml with
257 QEMU has been tested successful on Windows and Linux, take a look at <a
258 href="http://grml.org/qemu/">the QEMU-grml-webpage</a>.</p>
260 <h3><a name="store"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to store my settings?</a></h3>
262 <p>Yes. grml provides a powerfull config framework. See <a
263 href="http://grml.org/config/">grml.org/config/</a>, <a
264 href="file:///usr/share/doc/grml-saveconfig/grml-config.html">/usr/share/doc/grml-saveconfig/grml-config.html</a>
265 and 'man save-config restore-config mkpersistenthome' for more
268 <h2><a name="grmlsmall"></a><a href="#toc">grml-small?</a></h2>
270 <h3><a name="whatissmall"></a><a href="#toc">What is grml-small?</a></h3>
272 <p>Whereas grml provides about 2.1GiB of software on a 700MB-ISO, grml-small
273 is a flavor with online ~55MB ISO-size (~200MB uncompressed). It does not
274 provide a lot of software but the essential stuff for being a rescue system
275 on a business card CD-ROM or a small usb device. You can use the debian
276 package management system to install software on the fly (assuming you have
277 network access to a debian mirror). Take a look at the <a
278 href="http://grml.org/files/">'Debian-Information'-section</a> if you are
279 searching for the package list.</p>
281 <h3><a name="smallvsnormal"></a><a href="#toc">What is the
282 difference between 'normal' grml and grml-small?</a></h3>
284 <p>The 700MB-grml brings more than 2370 packages of software and a <a
285 href="http://grml.org/kernel/">full-featured kernel</a>. grml-small includes
286 about 215 software-packages, lacks documentation and manpages on the ISO and
287 has a stripped-down <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/">kernel</a> (but still
288 provides hardware recognition of course). <a
289 href="#terminalserver">grml-terminalserver</a> is <strong>not</strong>
290 available/supported on grml-small.</p>
292 <h3><a name="usb"></a><a href="#toc">How do I boot grml from an USB stick?</a></h3>
294 <p>Take a look at the script <a
295 href="http://grml.org/scripts/grml2usb">grml2usb</a>. For more details take a
296 look at the <a href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=usb">usb-webpage in the
299 <h2><a name="system"></a><a href="#toc">System</a></h2>
301 <h3><a name="configure"></a><a href="#toc">Which tools exist to configure grml?</a></h3>
303 <p>grml provides several scripts and tools which should make life easier. See 'dpkg -L grml-scripts' to get an
304 overview about some main scripts. Run 'grml-config' to get a dialog interface for the most important scripts
307 <h3><a name="password"></a><a href="#toc">What are the passwords of users on grml?</a></h3>
309 <p>There are no default passwords. All accounts are locked by
310 default. Even local logins are not possible (unless you set a
311 password or create new user accounts as root). You can create
312 valid passwords using "sudo passwd [username]" from the shell,
315 <h3><a name="version"></a><a href="#toc">How to find out the version of grml</a></h3>
317 <p>Run 'grml-version' or use the following command:</p>
320 $ cat /etc/grml_version</pre>
322 <h3><a name="remove_cd"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to run LiveCD and eject CD-ROM?</a></h3>
325 $ sudo umount -l /cdrom
326 $ sudo eject /dev/cdrom # now don't run any new programs ;)
327 $ mount /dev/cdrom # mount it again if needed ;)
330 <h3><a name="language"></a><a href="#toc">How do I change the language/keyboard settings?</a></h3>
332 <p>By default grml uses english settings. But it is possible to
333 change the settings via using either the bootparam(s) lang,
334 keyboard and xkeyboard or via running grml-lang when grml is
335 running already. Usage examples:</p>
338 grml lang=de # enter this at the bootprompt and you will get
339 # german keyboard layout and german $LANG, $LC_ALL,
341 grml keyboard=de xkeyboard=de lang=at # enter this at the bootprompt
342 # and you will get german keyboard and austrian
344 $ grml-lang de # enter this in the shell to switch keyboard layout
345 # and $LANG settings in a running grml-system
348 <p>If you are running grml from harddisk (using <a
349 href="#hdinstall">grml2hd</a>) you have several options how to set
350 language options:</p>
354 <li>adjust /etc/sysconfig/i18n to configure global language
357 <li>set $LC_ALL, $LANG $LANGUAGE in your ~/.xinitrc (before the
358 'exec $WINDOWMANAGER line' of course) to configure
359 language behaviour of programs</li>
361 <li>adjust /etc/sysconfig/keyboard to configure keyboard layout
362 on console or run 'loadkeys $KEYTABLE' manually</li>
364 <li>add 'setxkbmap $LANGUAGE' to the 'keybindings' section in
365 your ~/.xinitrc to configure keyboard setup in X window system
366 (deactivate the xmodmap lines if necessary)</li>
370 <h3><a name="kde_and_foo"></a><a href="#toc">KDE, Gnome, $FOO and $BAR</a></h3>
372 <p>Why isn't KDE, Gnome, $FOO or $BAR part of grml? grml is a distribution
373 for users of texttools and sysadmins. If you would like to run KDE with
374 Debian use e.g. <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/">Knoppix</a>, <a
375 href="http://www.munjoylinux.org/">Munjoy-Linux</a>, <a
376 href="http://kanotix.com/">Kanotix</a> or <a
377 href="http://www.kubuntu.org/">Kubuntu</a>. Gnome users might find <a
378 href="http://www.ubuntulinux.org/">Ubuntu</a> useful. If you would like to
379 see a special (software) package inside grml please <a
380 href="http://grml.org/report/">report it to us</a>!</p>
382 <h3><a name="wms"></a><a href="#toc">Which window managers can I use?</a></h3>
384 <p>grml is shipped only with window managers which are lightweight and
385 fast - so well suited for a live-cd. At the moment grml provides the window managers:
386 <a href="http://www.6809.org.uk/evilwm/">evilwm</a>,
387 <a href="http://www.fluxbox.org/">fluxbox</a>,
388 <a href="http://modeemi.cs.tut.fi/~tuomov/ion/">ion3</a>,
389 <a href="http://joewing.net/programs/jwm/index.shtml">jwm</a>,
390 <a href="http://pekwm.org/">pekwm</a>,
391 <a href="http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/">ratpoison</a>,
392 <a href="http://www.plig.org/xwinman/vtwm.html">twm</a>,
393 <a href="http://www.grassouille.org/code/w9wm/README">w9wm</a>,
394 <a href="http://www.nickgravgaard.com/windowlab/">windowlab</a>,
395 <a href="http://wmii.de/">wmi and wmii</a>.</p>
397 <p>If you are new to grml and/or prefer an easy-to-use-desktop run 'grml-x
398 wm-ng' for starting fluxbox with idesk and gkrellm.</p>
400 <a name="terminalserver"></a>
401 <h3><a name="booting"></a><a href="#toc">Which ways exist to boot grml?</a></h3>
403 <p>The most common way to boot grml is of course via running from
404 CD-ROM. But grml provides many more ways to boot grml:</p>
406 <p>It is possible to boot grml via USB (e.g. usb stick or harddisk),
407 firewire or running from a compact flash disk. It works out of the
408 box, you don't need to modify anything. If accessing the device
409 fails use the 'scandelay' cheatcode on bootprompt. So boot with
410 'grml scandelay'. If the timeout is still not long enough add the
411 time to wait in seconds as parameter: 'grml scandelay=15'. See <a
412 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=usb">usb-webpage in the
413 grml-wiki</a> for more details.</p>
415 <p>Your computer can not boot from CD-ROM but provides a floppy
416 disk? Take a look at <a
417 href="http://btmgr.webframe.org/">btmgr</a>, <a
418 href="http://ubcd4win.com/faq.htm#floppy">ubcd4win</a> or <a
419 href="http://linux.simple.be/tools/sbm">sbm</a>. They provide
420 support for booting from CD-ROM via a special floppy disk.</p>
422 <p>grml-terminalserver provides the possibility to boot your system
423 via network. If you have a floppy drive you can even boot your
424 system over network when your network card does not provide
425 PXE-support! For more information refer to the <a
426 href="http://grml.org/terminalserver/">grml-terminalserver-webpage</a>.</p>
428 <h3><a name="bugreport"></a><a href="#toc">Bugreport</a></h3>
430 <p>Report bugs via the tool reportbug which is part of the package
431 grml-reportbug and provided with the grml system. If you don't know
432 how to handle reportbug either take a look at <a
433 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=bugs">the bugs-webpage in
434 the grml-wiki</a> or you can send us your bug report via the <a
435 href="http://grml.org/bugs/">bugs-webpage</a>.</p>
437 <h3><a name="hdinstall"></a><a href="#toc">Is it possible to install grml to harddisk?</a></h3>
439 <p>Yes. grml provides a tool called grml2hd (see '<a
440 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/grml2hd.html">man grml2hd</a>'). grml
441 is developed on a box running the grml-system itself and we - the
442 grml-developers - especially like grml2hd because it gives us a
443 working Linux box within 10 to 30 minutes! grml2hd is perfect for
444 prototyping: test hardware support of Linux, test a specific
445 setup,... You can use grml2hd even in a full automatic mode without
446 any further interaction. More information is available on <a
447 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/">grml.org/grml2hd/</a> and <a
448 href="http://grml.org/grml2hd/grml2hd.html">man grml2hd</a>.</p>
450 <h3><a name="hardware"></a><a href="#toc">I have problems with my hardware!</a></h3>
452 <p>Take a look at the script grml-hwinfo. This scripts generates a
453 file namend info.tar.bz2 which contains important information about
454 your hardware. If you think we might help you please run
455 grml-hwinfo and send us the file with additional, relevant
456 information regarding your problem.</p>
458 <h3><a name="boot"></a><a href="#toc">grml does not boot on my computer!</a></h3>
460 <p>Please take a look at <a
461 href="http://grml.org/files/grml-cheatcodes.txt">the available
462 bootparamters and cheatcodes</a> and '<a href="#booting">Which ways
463 exist to boot grml?</a>'. Especially booting with 'acpi=off noapm
464 noapic' might help. Bootparameter 'failsafe' provides a minimal
465 hardware recognition. You still have problems? Please <a
466 href="http://grml.org/contact/">contact us</a>!</p>
468 <h2><a name="kernel"></a><a href="#toc">Kernel</a></h2>
470 <h3><a name="kernelconfig"></a><a href="#toc">Where can I find the configuration for the kernel used on
473 <p>See /boot/config-`uname -r` and on <a href="http://grml.org/kernel/">the kernel-webpage</a>.</p>
475 <h3><a name="kernelpatches"></a><a href="#toc">Are there any special components/patches in the kernel
476 used on grml?</a></h3>
478 <p>grml uses the currentmost stable vanilla Linux kernel from <a
479 href="http://www.kernel.org/">www.kernel.org</a> with some
480 additional patches. More information and an all-in-one patch is
482 href="http://grml.org/kernel/">kernel-page</a>.</p>
484 <h3><a name="platform"></a><a href="#toc">Which platforms is the grml kernel optimized
487 <p>Plain i586 compatibility-mode with SMP deactivated to avoid problems with
488 specific systems and drivers. (Notice: grml-small provides a kernel with SMP
491 <h2><a name="software"></a><a href="#toc">Software</a></h2>
493 <h3><a name="sw_general"></a><a href="#toc">General</a></h3>
495 <p>Want to run a program as root? Just use 'sudo $PROGRAM'. To get a
496 root-shell run 'sudo su'.</p>
498 <p>Problems with a specific package? Please try 'dpkg-reconfigure $foo'.
499 Still encountering difficulties? Please send us a <a
500 href="http://grml.org/bugs/">bugreport</a>!</p>
502 <h3><a name="sw_version"></a><a href="#toc">What version of $PACKAGE is
504 <p>Take a look at the dpkg_...-files in the <a
505 href="http://grml.org/files/#debian">Debian-Information section on
506 grml.org/files/</a>. </p>
508 <h3><a name="init"></a><a href="#toc">Init-System</a></h3>
510 <p>Why is grml using runlevel 2 as default? Because runlevel 2 is 'the
511 textonly one' and it's debian's default.</p>
513 <p>Where are all the /etc/rc#.d-directories? grml doesn't use
514 sysv-rc but file-rc. This means you can configure the init system
515 in one single file namend /etc/runlevel.conf with your favourite
516 editor. No symlink-hell anymore.</p>
518 <h3><a name="zsh"></a><a href="#toc">Why is zsh the default shell (/bin/sh)?</a></h3>
520 <p>Short answer: because zsh rocks.</p>
522 <p>Longer answer taken from <a href="http://zsh.sunsite.dk/FAQ/zshfaq01.html#l3">ZSH
523 FAQ: 1.2: What is it?</a>:</p>
525 <cite> Zsh is a UNIX command interpreter (shell) which of the standard shells most
526 resembles the Korn shell (ksh); its compatibility with the 1988 Korn shell has been
527 gradually increasing. It includes enhancements of many types, notably in the
528 command-line editor, options for customising its behaviour, filename globbing, features
529 to make C-shell (csh) users feel more at home and extra features drawn from tcsh
530 (another `custom' shell).</cite>
532 <p>If you don't know zsh take a look at <a
533 href="http://zsh.sunsite.dk/FAQ/zshfaq02.html#l9">ZSH FAQ: How does zsh
534 differ from...?</a>, 'man zsh | less -p COMPATIBILITY' and '<a
535 href="http://grml.org/zsh/">man zsh-lovers</a>'.</p>
537 <p>If you are a bash-user and don't know the zsh yet don't be afraid. bash is largely a
538 subset of zsh and you don't have to throw away your knowledge about shell-stuff.</p>
540 <h3><a name="bash"></a><a href="#toc">Is a bash available?</a></h3>
542 <p>grml uses the <a href="#zsh">zsh</a> as the default shell but of
543 course a current version of the bash (as many other shells as well)
544 is provided by grml anyway.</p>
546 <h3><a name="setuid"></a><a href="#toc">setuid/SUID</a></h3>
548 <p>If you set a programm SUID (setuid/mode 4755) unprivileged users on your system will
549 be able to run it. This <em>could</em> be a potentially security hole so by default the
550 packages are configured not to install binaries with setuid. If you want to use the
551 binaries with setuid please run 'dpkg-reconfigure $packagename' or 'chmod 4755
552 =programm'. The following packages are well known to have a programm with not-set
565 <h3><a name="aide"></a><a href="#toc">aide</a></h3>
567 <p>Before AIDE can be used, you will have to initialize a database. In order to do
568 this, simply run the following command:</p>
571 /usr/sbin/aideinit</pre>
573 <h3><a name="bitchx"></a><a href="#toc">bitchx</a></h3>
575 <p>Why isn't bitchx part of grml? <a
576 href="http://www.google.com/search?q=bitchx+sucks">bitchx
577 sucks</a>. Please use a better alternative like <a
578 href="http://irssi.org/">irssi</a> or <a
579 href="http://weechat.flashtux.org/index.php?lang=en">weechat</a>
580 which are part of grml.</p>
582 <h3><a name="ispell"></a><a href="#toc">ispell</a></h3>
584 <p>You don't want to use the preselected default for ispell? Run
585 'select-default-ispell' for changing it.</p>
587 <h3><a name="latex"></a><a href="#toc">LaTeX</a></h3>
589 <p>auctex and preview-latex are loaded by default in emacs. If you want to load
590 auctex based on your personal settings put the string "(require 'tex-site)" in your
591 ~/.emacs, for preview-latex use the string '(load "preview-latex")'.<br />
592 To change this run 'dpkg-reconfigure auctex' and/or 'dpkg-reconfigure
595 <h3><a name="slapd"></a><a href="#toc">slapd</a></h3>
596 <p>The password for the admin entry in the LDAP directory is 'grml'.</p>
598 <h3><a name="tripwire"></a><a href="#toc">tripwire</a></h3>
600 <p>The site-key pass-phrase and the local key pass-phrase for tripwire are 'grml'.</p>
602 <h2><a name="release"></a><a href="#toc">Release related issues</a></h2>
604 <h3><a name="known_issues"></a><a href="#toc">Are there any known issues with this release?</a></h3>
606 <p>We won't hide anything. Therefor we do provide all known
607 issues/bugs publicly available:</p>
610 <li><a href="http://bugs.grml.org/">bugs.grml.org</a> (BTS)</li>
611 <li><a href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=grml_0.6">issues regarding
613 href="http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=grml-small_0.2">issues regarding
614 grml-small 0.2</a> in <a href="http://wiki.grml.org/">the
618 <p>If you found another bug or consider any problems not yet
619 mentioned <a href="#bugreport">please report it to us</a>!</p>
621 <h3><a name="ipw"></a><a href="#toc">Using IPW driver with DHCP</a></h3>
623 <p>The ipw-drivers in grml already contain special fixes for fixing
624 problems with ipw and kernel >=2.6.13. But you might have to run
625 'iwlist $DEVICE scanning' (adjust $DEVICE with the corresponding
626 network device) anyway to get an associated connection to the access
629 <h3><a name="wpa"></a><a href="#toc">Using WPA with >=2.6.13-grml</a></h3>
631 <p><a href="http://www.kernel.org/">Vanilla kernel</a> include
632 wireless extensions now (starting with 2.6.13: version 18
633 [12.3.05]). The ipw2200 module uses the wireless extensions
634 instead of custom ioctl()s now. As a result you have to use
635 '-Dwext' for wpa_supplicant to use the wireless extensions when
636 wpa_supplicant is running. Adjust $OPTIONS in
637 /etc/default/wpasupplicant, for example using:</p>
640 OPTIONS="-Dwext -i eth1 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf"</pre>
642 <h3><a name="proc_usb"></a><a href="#toc">Why isn't /proc/bus/usb mounted anymore?</a></h3>
644 <p>Starting with kernel 2.6.14 /dev/bus/usb replaces usbfs.
645 Current versions of libusb check for /dev/bus/usb's existence and
646 /proc/bus/usb is not necessary anymore (see <a
647 href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336596">#336596</a>).
648 Of course 'mount /proc/bus/usb' still works, it is just not mounted
649 by default anymore. If you consider any problems please <a
650 href="#bugreport">report them</a>.</p>
652 <h2><a name="xserver"></a><a href="#toc">X-Server</a></h2>
654 <h3><a name="xstart"></a><a href="#toc">How do I start the X server?</a></h3>
656 <p>Please use 'grml-x' as user grml for starting X. It generates
657 the config file /etc/X11/xorg.conf and lets you start commands on
658 startup (see ~/.xinitrc). Use it for example via switching to TTY4
659 (press Alt+F4) and run the following command to start window
665 <h3><a name="xproblem"></a><a href="#toc">X does not start on my box?!</a></h3>
667 <p>grml-x supports several options. If you want to set some special options
668 please take a look at the grml-x manpage (man grml-x)! Some usage examples:</p>
671 grml-x -display 8 fluxbox # start fluxbox on display 8
672 grml-x -force -nostart # force creation of xconfig file and don't start X server
673 grml-x -hsync 60 fluxbox # set horizontal frequency and start fluxbox
674 grml-x -hsync 60 -vsync 40 fluxbox # set horizontal and vertical sync frequencies and start fluxbox
675 grml-x -mode '800x600' fluxbox # set resolution to 800x600 and start ion3
676 grml-x -module vesa fluxbox # start fluxbox and use vesa module
679 <h3><a name="xresolution"></a><a href="#toc">I don't like the resolution of X!</a></h3>
681 <p>Just run xrandr to switch the resolution. For example: 'xrandr -s
684 <h2><a name="framebuffer"></a><a href="#toc">Framebuffer</a></h2>
686 <h3><a name="video"></a><a href="#toc">The boot option video does not work as
687 expected anymore?!</a></h3>
689 <p>grml versions 0.4 and 0.5 provided <a
690 href="http://grml.org/kernel/#vesafbtng">vesafb-tng</a> instead of
691 normal vesafb. Starting with grml 0.6 and grml-small 0.2 vesafb-tng
692 is not part of the grml-kernel anymore because it caused too many
693 problems. Therefor you can use the 'normal' vga=... option
696 <h3><a name="fbprobs"></a><a href="#toc">I don't see anything when booting grml?!</a></h3>
698 <p>Probably this is a problem with vesafb framebuffer. Try to boot
699 with bootoption 'nofb' or 'grml vga=normal'.</p>
701 <h2><a name="question"></a><a href="#toc">Further questions</a></h2>
703 <p>Do you have a question which is not answered in the FAQ or in
704 the provided <a href="http://grml.org/docs/">documentation</a>
705 (also run 'grml-info' on your grml-system)? Run 'grml-tips
706 $KEYWORD' on your grml-system. Take a look at <a
707 href="http://grml.org/">the grml-website</a> and <a
708 href="http://wiki.grml.org/">the grml-wiki</a>. Please don't
709 hesitate to <a href="http://grml.org/contact/">contact us</a>, a
710 good place to start is the <a
711 href="http://grml.org/mailinglist/">grml mailinglist</a>.</p>
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