6 %!postproc(man): "^(\.TH.*) 1 " "\1 5 "
10 grmlzshrc - Grml's zsh setup
14 //zsh// [**options**]...
18 The Grml project provides a fairly exhaustive interactive setup (referred to
19 as //grmlzshrc// throughout this document) for the amazing unix shell zsh
20 (http://zsh.sourceforge.net). This is the reference manual for that
23 To use //grmlzshrc//, you need at least version 3.1.7 of zsh (although not all
24 features are enabled in every version).
26 //grmlzshrc// behaves differently depending on which user loads it. For the
27 root user (**EUID** == 0) only a subset of features is loaded by default. This
28 behaviour can be altered by setting the **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL** STARTUP
31 Users may want to keep an up-to-date version of the setup (possibly from the
32 git-sources) in //~/.zshrc//. If that happens on a system where the global
33 zshrc is also a //grmlzshrc// (but possibly an older one), you can inhibit
34 loading the global version by doing:
37 echo setopt no_global_rcs >> ~/.zshenv
40 Note, that this will disable //ANY// global files, except for the global
44 Some of the behaviour of //grmlzshrc// can be altered by setting certain shell
45 variables. These may be set temporarily when starting zsh like this:
49 Or by setting them permanently in **zshrc.pre** (See AUXILIARY FILES below).
52 If set to a value greater than zero and //acpi// installed, //grmlzshrc// will
53 put the battery status into the right hand side interactive prompt.
55 : **COMMAND_NOT_FOUND**
56 A non zero value activates a handler, which is called when a command can not
57 be found. The handler is defined by GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER (see below).
59 : **GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL**
60 Enables the whole Grml setup for root, if set to a non zero value.
62 : **GRML_ZSH_CNF_HANDLER**
63 This variable contains the handler to be used by COMMAND_NOT_FOUND (see above)
64 and defaults to "/usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found".
66 : **GRMLSMALL_SPECIFIC**
67 Set this to zero to remove items in zsh config, which do not work in
71 Where zsh saves the history. Default: ${HOME}/.zsh_history.
74 Number of commands to be kept in the history. On a Grml-CD this defaults to
75 500, on a hard disk installation to 5000.
78 Sets the frequency in seconds for zsh to check for new mail. Defaults to 30.
79 A value of zero turns off checking.
82 Non zero values deactivate automatic correction of commands.
85 If set to zero (default), allows selection from a menu, if there are at least
86 five possible options of completion.
89 A non zero value disables precmd and preexec commands. These are functions
90 that are run before every command (setting xterm/screen titles etc.).
93 Show time (user, system and cpu) used by external commands, if they run longer
94 than the defined number of seconds (default: 5).
97 Number of commands to be stored in ${HISTFILE}. Defaults to 1000 on a Grml-CD
98 and to 10000 on an installation on hard disk.
101 As in tcsh(1) an array of login/logout events to be reported by the shell
102 builtin "log". For details see zshparam(1). Defaults to (notme root).
104 : **ZSH_NO_DEFAULT_LOCALE**
105 Import "/etc/default/locale", if set to zero (default).
108 A non zero value causes shell functions to be profiled. The results can be
109 obtained with the zprof builtin command (see zshmodules(1) for details).
112 = FEATURE DESCRIPTION =
113 This is an in depth description of non-standard features implemented by
116 == DIRSTACK HANDLING ==
117 The dirstack in //grmlzshrc// has a persistent nature. It is stored into a
118 file each time zsh's working directory is changed. That file can be configured
119 via the **DIRSTACKFILE** variable and it defaults to **~/.zdirs**. The
120 **DIRSTACKSIZE** variable defaults to **20** in this setup.
122 The **DIRSTACKFILE** is loaded each time zsh starts, therefore freshly started
123 zshs inherit the dirstack of the zsh that most recently updated
126 == DIRECTORY BASED PROFILES ==
127 If you want certain settings to be active in certain directories (and
128 automatically switch back and forth between them), this is what you want.
131 zstyle ':chpwd:profiles:/usr/src/grml(|/|/*)' profile grml
132 zstyle ':chpwd:profiles:/usr/src/debian(|/|/*)' profile debian
135 When that's done and you enter a directory that matches the pattern
136 in the third part of the context, a function called chpwd_profile_grml,
137 for example, is called (if it exists).
139 If no pattern matches (read: no profile is detected) the profile is
140 set to 'default', which means chpwd_profile_default is attempted to
143 A word about the context (the ':chpwd:profiles:*' stuff in the zstyle
144 command) which is used: The third part in the context is matched against
145 **$PWD**. That's why using a pattern such as /foo/bar(|/|/*) makes sense.
146 Because that way the profile is detected for all these values of **$PWD**:
154 So, if you want to make double damn sure a profile works in /foo/bar
155 and everywhere deeper in that tree, just use (|/|/*) and be happy.
157 The name of the detected profile will be available in a variable called
158 'profile' in your functions. You don't need to do anything, it'll just
161 Then there is the parameter **$CHPWD_PROFILE** which is set to the profile,
162 that was active up to now. That way you can avoid running code for a
163 profile that is already active, by running code such as the following
164 at the start of your function:
167 function chpwd_profile_grml() {
168 [[ ${profile} == ${CHPWD_PROFILE} ]] && return 1
173 The initial value for **$CHPWD_PROFILE** is 'default'.
175 === Signaling availabily/profile changes ===
177 If you use this feature and need to know whether it is active in your
178 current shell, there are several ways to do that. Here are two simple
181 a) If knowing if the profiles feature is active when zsh starts is
182 good enough for you, you can put the following snippet into your
186 (( ${+functions[chpwd_profiles]} )) &&
187 print "directory profiles active"
190 b) If that is not good enough, and you would prefer to be notified
191 whenever a profile changes, you can solve that by making sure you
192 start **every** profile function you create like this:
195 function chpwd_profile_myprofilename() {
196 [[ ${profile} == ${CHPWD_PROFILE} ]] && return 1
197 print "chpwd(): Switching to profile: $profile"
202 That makes sure you only get notified if a profile is **changed**,
203 not everytime you change directory.
205 === Version requirement ===
206 This feature requires zsh //4.3.3// or newer.
209 == ACCEPTLINE WRAPPER ==
210 The //accept-line// wiget is the one that is taking action when the **return**
211 key is hit. //grmlzshrc// uses a wrapper around that widget, which adds new
214 This wrapper is configured via styles. That means, you issue commands, that look
218 zstyle 'context' style value
221 The context namespace, that we are using is 'acceptline'. That means, the actual
222 context for your commands look like: **':acceptline:<subcontext>'**.
224 Where **<subcontext>** is one of: **default**, **normal**, **force**, **misc**
228 === Recognized Contexts ===
230 This is the value, the context is initialized with.
231 The //compwarnfmt and //rehash// styles are looked up in this context.
234 If the first word in the command line is either a command, alias, function,
235 builtin or reserved word, you are in this context.
238 This is the context, that is used if you hit enter again, after being warned
239 about the existence of a _completion for the non-existing command you
243 This is the context, you are in if the command line is empty or only
244 consists of whitespace.
247 This context is in effect, if you entered something that does not match any
248 of the above. (e.g.: variable assignments).
251 === Available Styles ===
253 If you set this style to true, the warning about non existent commands,
254 for which completions exist will not be issued. (Default: **false**)
257 The message, that is displayed to warn about the _completion issue.
258 (default: **'%c will not execute and completion %f exists.'**)
259 '%c' is replaced by the command name, '%f' by the completion's name.
262 If this is set, we'll force rehashing, if appropriate. (Defaults to
263 **true** in //grmlzshrc//).
266 This can be a list of wigdets to call in a given context. If you need a
267 specific order for these to be called, name them accordingly. The default value
268 is an **empty list**.
271 The name of a widget, that is called after the widgets from 'actions'.
272 By default, this will be '.accept-line' (which is the built-in accept-line
276 If true in the current context, call the widget in the 'default_action'
277 style. (The default is **true** in all contexts.)
283 == GNU/SCREEN STATUS SETTING ==
284 //grmlzshrc// sets screen's hardstatus lines to the currently running command
285 or **'zsh'** if the shell is idling at its prompt. If the current working
286 directory is inside a repository unter version control, screen status is set
287 to: **'zsh: <repository name>'** via zsh's vcs_info.
290 == PERSISTENT HISTORY ==
291 If you got commands you consider important enough to be included in every
292 shell's history, you can put them into ~/.important_commands and they will be
293 available via the usual history lookup widgets.
297 == ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES ==
298 //grmlzshrc// sets some environment variables, which influence the
299 behaviour of applications.
302 Set to "yes". Some applications read this to learn about properties
303 of the terminal they are running in.
306 If not already set, sets the default editor. Falls back to vi(1),
307 if vim(1) is not available.
310 Some environment variables that add colour support to less(1) for viewing
311 man pages. See termcap(5) for details.
314 The mailbox file for the current user is set to /var/mail/$USER, if not
315 already set otherwise.
318 Set less(1) as default pager, if not already set to something different.
321 Holds the path to shared files for the C++ application framework QT
325 Set explicitly to /bin/zsh, to prevent certain terminal emulators to
326 default to /bin/sh or /bin/bash.
330 Apart from zsh's default options, //grmlzshrc// sets some options
331 that change the behaviour of zsh. Options that change Z-shell's default
332 settings are marked by <grml>. But note, that zsh's defaults vary depending
333 on its emulation mode (csh, ksh, sh, or zsh). For details, see zshoptions(1).
336 Zsh sessions, that use //grmlzshrc//, will append their history list to the
337 history file, rather than replace it. Thus, multiple parallel zsh sessions
338 will all have the new entries from their history lists added to the history
339 file, in the order that they exit. The file will still be periodically
340 re-written to trim it when the number of lines grows 20% beyond the value
341 specified by $SAVEHIST.
344 If a command is issued that can't be executed as a normal command, and the
345 command is the name of a directory, perform the cd command to that directory.
347 : **auto_pushd** <grml>
348 Make cd push the old directory onto the directory stack.
350 : **completeinword** <grml>
351 If the cursor is inside a word, completion is done from both ends;
352 instead of moving the cursor to the end of the word first and starting
355 : **extended_glob** <grml>
356 Treat the '#', '~' and '^' characters as active globbing pattern characters.
358 : **extended_history** <grml>
359 Save each command's beginning timestamp (in seconds since the epoch) and the
360 duration (in seconds) to the history file.
363 Whenever a command completion is attempted, make sure the entire command
364 path is hashed first. This makes the first completion slower.
366 : **histignorealldups** <grml>
367 If a new command line being added to the history list duplicates an
368 older one, the older command is removed from the list, even if it is
369 not the previous event.
371 : **histignorespace** <grml>
372 Remove command lines from the history list when the first character on
373 the line is a space, or when one of the expanded aliases contains a
374 leading space. Note that the command lingers in the internal history
375 until the next command is entered before it vanishes.
377 : **longlistjobs** <grml>
378 List jobs in long format by default.
381 Avoid to beep on errors in zsh command line editing (zle).
384 A wildcard character never matches a leading '.'.
387 Do not send the hangup signal (HUP:1) to running jobs when the shell exits.
389 : **nonomatch** <grml>
390 If a pattern for filename generation has no matches, do not print an error
391 and leave it unchanged in the argument list. This also applies to file
392 expansion of an initial `~' or `='.
395 Report the status of background jobs immediately, rather than waiting until
396 just before printing a prompt.
398 : **pushd_ignore_dups** <grml>
399 Don't push multiple copies of the same directory onto the directory stack.
401 : **share_history** <grml>
402 As each line is added to the history file, it is checked to see if anything
403 else was written out by another shell, and if so it is included in the
404 history of the current shell too. Using !-style history, the commands from
405 the other sessions will not appear in the history list unless you explicitly
406 type the "history" command. This option is activated for zsh versions >= 4,
411 Apart from zsh's default key bindings, //grmlzshrc// comes with its own set of
412 key bindings. Note that bindings like **ESC-e** can also be typed as **ALT-e**
416 Edit the current command buffer in your favourite editor.
419 Deletes a word left of the cursor; seeing '/' as additional word separator.
422 Jump right after the first word.
425 Create directory under cursor or the selected area.
426 To select an area press ctrl-@ and use the cursor.
427 Use case: you type "mv abc ~/testa/testb/testc/" and remember that the
428 directory does not exist yet -> press **CTRL-xM** and problem solved.
431 Searches the last occurence of string before the cursor in the command history.
434 Display help on keybindings and zsh line editor. Press consecutively to page through content.
437 Brings a job, which got suspended with CTRL-z back to foreground.
440 == SHELL FUNCTIONS ==
441 //grmlzshrc// comes with a wide array of defined shell functions to ease the
444 : **855resolution()**
445 If 915resolution is available, issues a warning to the user to run it instead
446 to modify the resolution on intel graphics chipsets.
449 Lists files in current directory, which have been accessed within the
450 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
451 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
454 Sets all ulimit values to "unlimited".
457 Lists processes matching given pattern.
459 : **aoeu(), asdf(), uiae()**
460 Pressing the 'asdf' keys toggles between dvorak or neon and us keyboard
463 : **apache2-ssl-certificate()**
464 Advices the user how to create self signed certificates.
467 Login on the host provided as argument using autossh. Then reattach a GNU screen
468 session if a detached session is around or detach a currently attached screen or
469 else start a new screen. This is especially useful for roadwarriors using GNU
473 Simple backup of a file or directory using cp(1). The target file name is the
474 original name plus a time stamp attached. Symlinks and file attributes like mode,
475 ownership and timestamps are preserved.
478 If the original cdrecord is not installed, issues a warning to the user to
479 use the wodim binary instead. Wodim is the debian fork of Joerg Schillings
483 Creates a temporary directory using mktemp. Then changes current
484 working directory to it.
487 Lists files in current directory, which have been changed within the
488 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
489 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
492 Returns true if given command exists either as program, function, alias,
493 builtin or reserved word. If the option -c is given, only returns true,
494 if command is a program.
497 Changes directory to $HOME on first invocation of zsh. This is neccessary on
498 grml systems with autologin.
501 Changes current directory to the one supplied by argument and lists the files
502 in it, including file names starting with ".".
505 Shows the changelog of given package in $PAGER.
508 Tells the user to use grml-debootstrap, if she wants to install debian to
512 A trick from $LINUX-KERNELSOURCE/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt. It brings
513 back interactive responsiveness after suspend, when the system is swapping
517 Shows the NEWS file for the given package in $PAGER.
520 Takes packagename as argument. Sets current working directory to
521 /usr/share/doc/<packagename> and prints out a directory listing.
528 Edit given shell function.
531 Reloads an autoloadable shell function (See autoload in zshbuiltins(1)).
534 Fetches 3ware RAID controller software using get_3ware(1).
537 Prints the hexadecimal representation of the number supplied as argument
541 Use GNU diff with options -ubwd for mercurial.
544 Displays diffstat between the revision given as argument and tip (no
545 argument means last revision).
548 Outputs highlighted diff; needs highstring(1).
551 Sets up an IPv6 tunnel on interface sit1. Needs one argument -
552 either "start", "stop" or "status".
555 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4, else false.
558 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.1, else false.
561 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.2, else false.
564 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.2.5, else false.
567 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.3, else false.
570 Returns true, if zsh version is equal or greater than 4.3.3, else false.
573 Returns true, if running on darwin, else false.
576 Returns true, if running on a grml system, else false.
579 Returns true, if running on a grml system from a live cd, else false.
582 Returns true, if run on grml-small, else false.
585 Changes every occurrence of the string iso885915 or ISO885915 in
586 environment variables to UTF-8.
589 Returns true, if run within an utf environment, else false.
592 Searches a wireless interface and runs dhclient(8) on it.
595 Shows the zshall manpage and jumps to the first match of the regular
596 expression optionally given as argument (Needs qma(1)).
599 Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary. Then changes
600 current working directory to it.
602 : **minimal-shell()**
603 Spawns a minimally set up MirBSD Korn shell. It references no files in /usr,
604 so that file system can be unmounted.
607 Lists files in current directory, which have been modified within the
608 last N days. N is an integer to be passed as first and only argument.
609 If no argument is specified N is set to 1.
612 A helper function for the "e" glob qualifier to list all files newer
613 than a reference file.
617 % NTREF=/reference/file
620 % ls -l *(e:'nt /reference/file':)
624 Evaluates a perl expression; useful as command line
625 calculator, therefore also available as "calc".
628 Runs a command in $SHELL with profiling enabled (See startup variable
629 ZSH_PROFILE_RC above).
632 Reloads functions given as parameters.
635 Creates an alias whith sudo prepended, if $EUID is not zero. Run "salias -h"
636 for details. See also xunfunction() below.
639 Reimplementation of the csh(1) builtin setenv.
642 Lists the contents of a (compressed) archive with the appropriate programs.
643 The choice is made along the filename extension.
645 : **simple-extract()**
646 Tries to uncompress/unpack given files with the appropriate programs. If an URI
647 starting with https, http or ftp is provided simple-extract tries to download
648 and then uncompress/unpack the file. The choice is made along the filename
649 ending. simple-extract will not delete the original archive (even on .gz,.bz2 or
650 .xz) unless you use the '-d' option.
653 Prints details of symlinks given as arguments.
655 : **smartcompress()**
656 Compresses/archives the file given as first parameter. Takes an optional
657 second argument, which denotes the compression/archive type as typical
658 filename extension; defaults to "tar.gz".
661 Creates directory named shots in user's home directory, if it does not yet
662 exist and changes current working directory to it. Then sleeps 5 seconds,
663 so you have plenty of time to switch desktops/windows. Then makes a screenshot
664 of the current desktop. The result is stored in ~/shots to a timestamped
667 : **ssl-cert-fingerprints**
668 Prints the SHA512, SHA256, SHA1 and MD5 digest of a x509 certificate.
669 First and only parameter must be a file containing a certificate. Use
670 /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a certificate to these
674 Prints all information of a x509 certificate including the SHA512,
675 SHA256, SHA1 and MD5 digests. First and only parameter must be a file
676 containing a certificate. Use /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a
677 certificate to this function.
679 : **ssl-cert-sha512(), ssl-cert-sha256(), ssl-cert-sha1(), ssl-cert-md5()**
680 Prints the SHA512, SHA256, SHA1 respective MD5 digest of a x509
681 certificate. First and only parameter must be a file containing a
682 certificate. Use /dev/stdin as file if you want to pipe a certificate
685 : **Start(), Restart(), Stop(), Force-Reload(), Reload()**
686 Functions for controlling daemons.
693 Translates a word from german to english (-D) or vice versa (-E).
696 Shows upstreams changelog of a given package in $PAGER.
699 Works around the "print -l ${(u)foo}"-limitation on zsh older than 4.2.
702 Changes every occurrence of the string UTF-8 or utf-8 in environment
703 variables to iso885915.
706 Wrapper for vim(1). It tries to set the title and hands vim the environment
707 variable VIM_OPTIONS on the command line. So the user may define command
708 line options, she always wants, in her .zshrc.local.
711 Searches the history for a given pattern and lists the results by date.
712 The first argument is the search pattern. The second and third ones are
713 optional and denote a search range (default: -100).
716 Tries to cat(1) file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
717 See also xunfunction() below.
720 Tries to source the file(s) given as parameter(s). Always returns true.
721 See zshbuiltins(1) for a detailed description of the source command.
722 See also xunfunction() below.
725 Changes the title of xterm window from within screen(1). Run without
726 arguments for details.
729 Removes the functions salias, xcat, xsource, xunfunction and zrcautoload.
732 Wrapper around the autoload builtin. Loads the definitions of functions
733 from the file given as argument. Searches $fpath for the file. See also
737 Sources /etc/zsh/zshrc.local and ${HOME}/.zshrc.local. These are the files
738 where own modifications should go. See also zshbuiltins(1) for a description
739 of the source command.
743 //grmlzshrc// comes with a wide array of predefined aliases to ease the user's
744 life. A few aliases (like those involving //grep// or //ls//) use the option
745 //--color=auto// for colourizing output. That option is part of **GNU**
746 implementations of these tools, and will only be used if such an implementation
749 : **acp** (//apt-cache policy//)
750 With no arguments prints out the priorities of each source. If a package name
751 is given, it displays detailed information about the priority selection of the
754 : **acs** (//apt-cache search//)
755 Searches debian package lists for the regular expression provided as argument.
756 The search includes package names and descriptions. Prints out name and short
757 description of matching packages.
759 : **acsh** (//apt-cache show//)
760 Shows the package records for the packages provided as arguments.
762 : **adg** (//apt-get dist-upgrade//)
763 Performs an upgrade of all installed packages. Also tries to automatically
764 handle changing dependencies with new versions of packages. As this may change
765 the install status of (or even remove) installed packages, it is potentially
766 dangerous to use dist-upgrade; invoked by sudo, if necessary.
768 : **ag** (//apt-get upgrade//)
769 Downloads and installs the newest versions of all packages currently installed
770 on the system. Under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed,
771 or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
772 currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install
773 status of another package will be left at their current version. An update must
774 be performed first (see au below); run by sudo, if necessary.
776 : **agi** (//apt-get install//)
777 Downloads and installs or upgrades the packages given on the command line.
778 If a hyphen is appended to the package name, the identified package will be
779 removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a
780 package to install. This may be useful to override decisions made by apt-get's
781 conflict resolution system.
782 A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by following
783 the package name with an equals and the version of the package to select. This
784 will cause that version to be located and selected for install. Alternatively a
785 specific distribution can be selected by following the package name with a slash
786 and the version of the distribution or the Archive name (stable, testing, unstable).
787 Gets invoked by sudo, if user id is not 0.
789 : **ati** (//aptitude install//)
790 Aptitude is a terminal-based package manager with a command line mode similar to
791 apt-get (see agi above); invoked by sudo, if necessary.
793 : **au** (//apt-get update//)
794 Resynchronizes the package index files from their sources. The indexes of
795 available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in
796 /etc/apt/sources.list. An update should always be performed before an
797 upgrade or dist-upgrade; run by sudo, if necessary.
799 : **calc** (//peval//)
800 Evaluates a perl expression (see peval() above); useful as a command line
803 : **CH** (//./configure --help//)
804 Lists available compilation options for building program from source.
806 : **cmplayer** (//mplayer -vo fbdev//)
807 Video player with framebuffer as video output device, so you can watch
808 videos on a virtual tty. Hint: Using fbdev2 allows you to use the shell
809 while watching a movie.
811 : **CO** (//./configure//)
812 Prepares compilation for building program from source.
814 : **cp** (//nocorrect cp//)
815 cp(1) without spelling correction.
817 : **da** (//du -sch//)
818 Prints the summarized disk usage of the arguments as well as a grand total
819 in human readable format.
821 : **dbp** (//dpkg-buildpackage//)
822 Builds binary or source packages from sources (See: dpkg-buildpackage(1)).
824 : **debs-by-size** (//grep-status -FStatus -sInstalled-Size,Package -n "install ok installed" | paste -sd " \n" | sort -rn//)
825 Prints installed Packages sorted by size (descending).
827 : **default** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
828 Sets font of xterm to "-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-140-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15"
829 using escape sequence.
831 : **dir** (//ls -lSrah//)
832 Lists files (including dot files) sorted by size (biggest last) in long and
833 human readable output format.
835 : **fblinks** (//links2 -driver fb//)
836 A Web browser on the framebuffer device. So you can browse images and click
837 links on the virtual tty.
839 : **fbmplayer** (//mplayer -vo fbdev -fs -zoom//)
840 Fullscreen Video player with the framebuffer as video output device. So you
841 can watch videos on a virtual tty.
844 Revision control system by Linus Torvalds.
846 : **ge** (//grep-excuses//)
847 Searches the testing excuses files for a specific maintainer (See:
850 : **grep** (//grep --color=auto//)
851 Shows grep output in nice colors, if available.
853 : **GREP** (//grep -i --color=auto//)
854 Case insensitive grep with colored output.
856 : **grml-rebuildfstab** (//rebuildfstab -v -r -config//)
857 Scans for new devices and updates /etc/fstab according to the findings.
859 : **grml-version** (//cat /etc/grml_version//)
860 Prints version of running grml.
862 : **hbp** (//hg-buildpackage//)
863 Helper program to maintain Debian packages with mercurial.
865 : **http** (//python -m SimpleHTTPServer//)
866 Basic HTTP server implemented in python. Listens on port 8000/tcp and
867 serves current directory. Implements GET and HEAD methods.
869 : **insecscp** (//scp -o "StrictHostKeyChecking=no" -o "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"//)
870 scp with possible man-in-the-middle attack enabled. This is convenient, if the targets
871 host key changes frequently, for example on virtualized test- or development-systems.
872 To be used only inside trusted networks, of course.
874 : **insecssh** (//ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking=no" -o "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"//)
875 ssh with possible man-in-the-middle attack enabled
876 (for an explanation see insecscp above).
878 : **help-zshglob** (//H-Glob()//)
879 Runs the function H-Glob() to expand or explain wildcards.
881 : **hide** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
882 Tries to hide xterm window using escape sequence.
884 : **hidiff** (//histring -fE '^Comparing files .*|^diff .*' | histring -c yellow -fE '^\-.*' | histring -c green -fE '^\+.*'//)
885 If histring(1) is installed, highlight important stuff in diff(1) output.
887 : **huge** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
888 Sets huge font in xterm ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-210-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15")
889 using escape sequence.
891 : **j** (//jobs -l//)
892 Prints status of jobs in the current shell session in long format.
894 : **l** (//ls -lF --color=auto//)
895 Lists files in long output format with indicator for filetype appended
896 to filename. If the terminal supports it, with colored output.
898 : **la** (//ls -la --color=auto//)
899 Lists files in long colored output format. Including file names
902 : **lad** (//ls -d .*(/)//)
903 Lists the dot directories (not their contents) in current directory.
905 : **large** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
906 Sets large font in xterm ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-150-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15")
907 using escape sequence.
909 : **lh** (//ls -hAl --color=auto//)
910 Lists files in long and human readable output format in nice colors,
911 if available. Includes file names starting with "." except "." and
914 : **ll** (//ls -l --color=auto//)
915 Lists files in long colored output format.
917 : **llog** (//$PAGER /var/log/syslog//)
918 Opens syslog in pager.
920 : **ls** (//ls -b -CF --color=auto//)
921 Lists directory printing octal escapes for nongraphic characters.
922 Entries are listed by columns and an indicator for file type is appended
923 to each file name. Additionally the output is colored, if the terminal
926 : **lsa** (//ls -a .*(.)//)
927 Lists dot files in current working directory.
929 : **lsbig** (//ls -flh *(.OL[1,10])//)
930 Displays the ten biggest files (long and human readable output format).
932 : **lsd** (//ls -d *(/)//)
935 : **lse** (//ls -d *(/^F)//)
936 Shows empty directories.
938 : **lsl** (//ls -l *(@)//)
939 Lists symbolic links in current directory.
941 : **lsnew** (//ls -rl *(D.om[1,10])//)
942 Displays the ten newest files (long output format).
944 : **lsold** (//ls -rtlh *(D.om[1,10])//)
945 Displays the ten oldest files (long output format).
947 : **lss** (//ls -l *(s,S,t)//)
948 Lists files in current directory that have the setuid, setgid or sticky bit
951 : **lssmall** (//ls -Srl *(.oL[1,10])//)
952 Displays the ten smallest files (long output format).
954 : **lsw** (//ls -ld *(R,W,X.^ND/)//)
955 Displays all files which are world readable and/or world writable and/or
956 world executable (long output format).
958 : **lsx** (//ls -l *(*)//)
959 Lists only executable files.
961 : **md** (//mkdir -p//)
962 Creates directory including parent directories, if necessary
964 : **mdstat** (//cat /proc/mdstat//)
965 Lists all active md (i.e. linux software raid) devices with some information
968 : **medium** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
969 Sets medium sized font
970 ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-c-80-iso8859-15") in xterm
971 using escape sequence.
973 : **mkdir** (//nocorrect mkdir//)
974 mkdir(1) without spelling correction.
976 : **mq** (//hg -R $(readlink -f $(hg root)/.hg/patches)//)
977 Executes the commands on the versioned patch queue from current repository.
979 : **mv** (//nocorrect mv//)
980 mv(1) without spelling correction.
983 Short rmdir(1) (remove directory).
985 : **rm** (//nocorrect rm//)
986 rm(1) without spelling correction.
988 : **rmcdir** (//'cd ..; rmdir $OLDPWD || cd $OLDPWD//)
989 rmdir current working directory
991 : **screen** (///usr/bin/screen -c ${HOME}/.screenrc//)
992 If invoking user is root, starts screen session with /etc/grml/screenrc
993 as config file. If invoked by a regular user, start a screen session
994 with users .screenrc config if it exists, else use /etc/grml/screenrc_grml
997 : **rw-** (//chmod 600//)
998 Grants read and write permission of a file to the owner and nobody else.
1000 : **rwx** (//chmod 700//)
1001 Grants read, write and execute permission of a file to the owner and nobody
1004 : **r--** (//chmod 644//)
1005 Grants read and write permission of a file to the owner and read-only to
1008 : **r-x** (//chmod 755//)
1009 Grants read, write and execute permission of a file to the owner and
1010 read-only plus execute permission to anybody else.
1012 : **S** (//screen//)
1013 Short for screen(1).
1018 : **semifont** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1019 Sets font of xterm to
1020 "-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-15" using
1023 : **small** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1024 Sets small xterm font ("6x10") using escape sequence.
1026 : **smartfont** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1027 Sets font of xterm to "-artwiz-smoothansi-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*" using
1030 : **su** (//sudo su//)
1031 If user is running a grml live-CD, dont ask for any password, if she
1034 : **term2iso** (//echo 'Setting terminal to iso mode' ; print -n '\e%@'//)
1035 Sets mode from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 (See:
1036 http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#term).
1038 : **term2utf** (//echo 'Setting terminal to utf-8 mode'; print -n '\e%G'//)
1039 Sets mode from ISO 2022 to UTF-8 (See:
1040 http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#term).
1042 : **tiny** (//echo -en [ escape sequence ]//)
1043 Sets tiny xterm font
1044 ("-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-80-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15") using escape
1047 : **tlog** (//tail -f /var/log/syslog//)
1048 Prints syslog continuously (See tail(1)).
1050 : **top10** (//print -l ? ${(o)history%% *} | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10//)
1051 Prints the ten most used shell commands.
1053 : **truec** (//truecrypt [ mount options ]//)
1054 Mount a truecrypt volume with some reasonable mount options
1055 ("rw,sync,dirsync,users,uid=1000,gid=users,umask=077" and "utf8", if
1058 : **up** (//aptitude update ; aptitude safe-upgrade//)
1059 Performs a system update followed by a system upgrade using aptitude; run
1060 by sudo, if necessary. See au and ag above.
1062 : **url-quote** (//autoload -U url-quote-magic ; zle -N self-insert url-quote-magic//)
1063 After calling, characters of URLs as typed get automatically escaped, if necessary, to
1064 protect them from the shell.
1066 : **0** (//return 0//)
1067 Gives a clean prompt (i.e. without $?).
1069 : **$(uname -r)-reboot** (//kexec -l --initrd=/boot/initrd.img-"$(uname -r)" --command-line=\"$(cat /proc/cmdline)\" /boot/vmlinuz-"$(uname -r)"//)
1070 Reboots using kexec(8) and thus reduces boot time by skipping hardware initialization of BIOS/firmware.
1072 : **...** (//cd ../..///)
1073 Changes current directory two levels higher.
1075 : **?** (//qma zshall//)
1076 Runs the grml script qma (quick manual access) to build the collected man
1077 pages for the z-shell. This compressed file is kept at
1078 ~/man/zshall.txt.lzo Once it is built, the second use of the alias '?' is
1079 fast. See "man qma" for further information.
1083 This is a set of files, that - if they exist - can be used to customize the
1084 behaviour of //grmlzshrc//.
1087 Sourced at the very beginning of //grmlzshrc//. Among other things, it can
1088 be used to permantenly change //grmlzshrc//'s STARTUP VARIABLES (see above):
1091 # show battery status in RPROMPT
1093 # always load the complete setup, even for root
1094 GRML_ALWAYS_LOAD_ALL=1
1098 Sourced right before loading //grmlzshrc// is finished. There is a global
1099 version of this file (/etc/zsh/zshrc.local) which is sourced before the
1103 Directory listing for persistent dirstack (see above).
1105 : **.important_commands**
1106 List of commands, used by persistent history (see above).
1109 = INSTALLATION ON NON-DEBIAN SYSTEMS =
1110 On Debian systems (http://www.debian.org) - and possibly Ubuntu
1111 (http://www.ubuntu.com) and similar systems - it is very easy to get
1112 //grmlzshrc// via grml's .deb repositories.
1114 On non-debian systems, that is not an option, but all is not lost:
1117 % wget -O .zshrc http://git.grml.org/f/grml-etc-core/etc/zsh/zshrc
1120 If you would also like to get seperate function files (which you can put into
1121 your **$fpath**), you can browse and download them at:
1123 http://git.grml.org/?p=grml-etc-core.git;a=tree;f=usr_share_grml/zsh;hb=HEAD
1125 = ZSH REFCARD TAGS =
1126 If you read //grmlzshrc//'s code you may notice strange looking comments in
1127 it. These are there for a purpose. grml's zsh-refcard is automatically
1128 generated from the contents of the actual configuration file. However, we need
1129 a little extra information on which comments and what lines of code to take
1130 into account (and for what purpose).
1132 Here is what they mean:
1134 List of tags (comment types) used:
1136 Next line contains an important alias, that should be included in the
1137 grml-zsh-refcard. (placement tag: @@INSERT-aliases@@)
1140 Next line contains the beginning of an important function. (placement
1141 tag: @@INSERT-functions@@)
1144 Next line contains an important variable. (placement tag:
1145 @@INSERT-variables@@)
1148 Next line contains an important keybinding. (placement tag:
1149 @@INSERT-keybindings@@)
1152 Hashed directories list generation: //start//: denotes the start of a list of
1153 'hash -d' definitions. //end//: denotes its end. (placement tag:
1154 @@INSERT-hasheddirs@@)
1157 Abbreviation expansion list generation: //start//: denotes the beginning of
1158 abbreviations. //end//: denotes their end.
1160 Lines within this section that end in '#d .*' provide extra documentation to
1161 be included in the refcard. (placement tag: @@INSERT-abbrev@@)
1164 This tag allows you to manually generate refcard entries for code lines that
1165 are hard/impossible to parse.
1169 #m# k ESC-h Call the run-help function
1172 That would add a refcard entry in the keybindings table for 'ESC-h' with the
1175 So the syntax is: #m# <section> <argument> <comment>
1178 This tag lets you insert entries to the 'other' hash. Generally, this should
1179 not be used. It is there for things that cannot be done easily in another way.
1180 (placement tag: @@INSERT-other-foobar@@)
1183 All of these tags (except for m and o) take two arguments, the first
1184 within the tag, the other after the tag:
1186 #<tag><section># <comment>
1188 Where <section> is really just a number, which are defined by the @secmap
1189 array on top of 'genrefcard.pl'. The reason for numbers instead of names is,
1190 that for the reader, the tag should not differ much from a regular comment.
1191 For zsh, it is a regular comment indeed. The numbers have got the following
1216 So, the following will add an entry to the 'functions' table in the 'system'
1217 section, with a (hopefully) descriptive comment:
1220 #f1# Edit an alias via zle
1224 It will then show up in the @@INSERT-aliases-system@@ replacement tag that can
1225 be found in 'grml-zsh-refcard.tex.in'. If the section number is omitted, the
1226 'default' section is assumed. Furthermore, in 'grml-zsh-refcard.tex.in'
1227 @@INSERT-aliases@@ is exactly the same as @@INSERT-aliases-default@@. If you
1228 want a list of **all** aliases, for example, use @@INSERT-aliases-all@@.
1232 If you want to help to improve grml's zsh setup, clone the grml-etc-core
1233 repository from git.grml.org:
1235 ``` % git clone git://git.grml.org/grml-etc-core.git
1237 Make your changes, commit them; use '**git format-patch**' to create a series
1238 of patches and send those to the following address via '**git send-email**':
1240 ``` grml-etc-core@grml.org
1242 Doing so makes sure the right people get your patches for review and
1247 This manual page is the **reference** manual for //grmlzshrc//.
1249 That means that in contrast to the existing refcard it should document **every**
1250 aspect of the setup.
1252 This manual is currently not complete. If you want to help improving it, visit
1253 the following pages:
1255 http://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=zshrcmanual
1257 http://lists.mur.at/pipermail/grml/2009-August/004609.html
1259 Contributions are highly welcome.
1263 This manpage was written by Frank Terbeck <ft@grml.org>, Joerg Woelke
1264 <joewoe@fsmail.de>, Maurice McCarthy <manselton@googlemail.com> and Axel
1265 Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>.
1269 Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Grml project <http://grml.org>
1271 This manpage is distributed under the terms of the GPL version 2.
1273 Most parts of grml's zshrc are distributed under the terms of GPL v2, too,
1274 except for **accept-line()** which are distributed under the same conditions
1275 as zsh itself (which is BSD-like).